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IOT Based Vehicle Speed Control Automatically in Restricted Areas using RFID

Article in International Journal of Engineering & Technology · August 2018

DOI: 10.14419/ijet.v7i3.31.18204

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 International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7 (3.31) (2018) 72-74

International Journal of Engineering & Technology

Website: [Link]/[Link]/IJET

Research paper

IOT Based Vehicle Speed Control Automatically in Restricted

Areas using RFID
K. N. V. Satyanarayana*, G. Yaswanthini, P. L. Kartheeka, N. Rajkumar, A. BhimaRaju

Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRKR Engineering college, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India-534204
*Corresponding author E-mail: [Link]@[Link]; Tel: +91-8985016353

Abstract

Now-a-days road accidents are occurring frequently, due to rash driving of people. The most unfortunate thing is that by making small
mistakes during driving, we lost our valuable future. If we observe, most of the accidents will occur at school zones, parks, hospitals, hill
areas and highways. Even a police also can’t monitor all such kind of accidents. So in order to reduce the number of accidents and to
control the vehicle speed the highway department has placed the signboards. But it is difficult to observe such kind of signboards and
hence accidents will occur. This paper will provide a new way for controlling the speed of the vehicle without harming others. In this
paper, we are using RFID module to limit vehicle speed. The RF transmitter will be placed at first and last of the restricted areas and
RFID receiver should be placed inside the vehicle. The vehicle speed was obtained by speedometer which is available in vehicle. And
that speed is compared and monitored by the controller. If the vehicle speed exceeds the limited speed, It automatically controls the speed
of the vehicle according to that particular zone. Hence, automatically the speed reduced. If there is any emergency, a switch will be
available in the vehicle. When the switch is ON, the speed is not controlled automatically. The vehicle which is switched ON, that vehi-
cle number was stored in cloud. Here the main purpose of cloud is it loads the route map of the vehicle.

Keywords: Micro controller unit; cloud; RFID Module;

route of the vehicle by the blynk app, by using this application

1. Introduction each vehicle has its unique token number is generated. So we can
easily monitor the vehicle by its ID.
Rash driving makes city roads unsafe. In present days, rash driv-
ing and over speed are the major moving traffic violation. The
rash driving indicates the mental state of the driver. Psychologists
said that, Reckless driving has been found that reckless drivers
who are risk-taking personalities. Numbers of accidents are in-
crease every year by more vehicles on ground. Over speed, rash
driving, violation of rules, failure to understand the sign boards,
drowsiness and alcohol of driver are main factors of road acci-
dents. So we start to think about how to reduce all such kind of
things. At first we have an idea i.e., by using ultrasonic sensors the
speed of the vehicle is sensed. Based on that vehicle speed, the
height of the speed breakers increased. But it is difficult to imple-
ment practically and cost effective. First we choose Infra Red (IR)
module to implement this task, but there is a draw back in using
this module. It works under line of sight so finally decided to use
RF module [1]. The components of radio frequency (RF) module Fig. 1: Overall pictorial representation
are RF transmitter and RF receiver (Figure 1). The RF transmitter
should be placed at the restricted areas where as RF receiver 2. Experimental model
placed inside the vehicle. The information will transfer to control-
ler and the current speed is monitor by separate module or by us- Here the experimental hardware consists of two parts: 1. RF sec-
ing ultrasonic sensor which sends information to the controller. tion, and 2. microcontroller section.
The controller will compare the vehicle speed with the restricted
speed. If the speed of the vehicle exceeds the restricted speed,
driver no need to reduce the speed, speed can control itself auto- 2.1. RF section
matically. If there is any emergency in the vehicle, there is a
switch which is available in the vehicle. When the person ON the A Radio frequency identity (RFID) section is an electronic device
switch, then the RF module is not worked for that particular vehi- that is used to transmit as well as receive the radio signals between
cle so speed is control by its own by the driver and the vehicle two devices. In an embedded system, it is often necessary to
number was stored in cloud (blynk) which is used to monitor the transmit the data to another device wirelessly. RF communications

Copyright © 2018 Authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
International Journal of Engineering & Technology 73

includes a transmitter and receiver. They are of different types and the recorded speed it does not allowed to decrease the speed of
ranges. Some can transmit the signals up to 500 feet. The frequen- vehicle. Otherwise it controls the speed automatically. The vehicle
cy range varies between 30 kHz & 300 kHz. The transmission speed is displayed on the LCD module. If there is any emergency
through RF module is better than IR module because of so many (for hospital purpose or Ambulance) in our own vehicles, a switch
reasons. RF signals can travel through large distances that makes will be available in the vehicle. When the switch is ON, the speed
it is suitable for long distance applications. And we can say most- is not controlled automatically. The vehicle which is switched ON,
ly IR operates on line- of-sight mode, but RF signals can travel that vehicle number will store in cloud. Here the main purpose of
even an obstacles are in between the transmitter and receiver. RF cloud is it loads the route map of the vehicle. If the vehicle is
communications are strong and reliable when compared to IR ambulance, this mechanism will not work and the speed of other
communication. vehicles which are on the road will automatically decrease. This is
accomplished by using the same transmitter module in the ambu-
2.1.1. RF transmitter lance. To accomplish the above process ESP8266 module was
used. The reason behind using this module is low cost and high
The RF module has an antenna that sends signals into the space. integrated performance compared to other modules.
The RF transmitter is a module that can able to transmit the radio
waves in to the space. It works along with the microcontroller.
Here, the microcontroller gives the data to the module which is to
be transmitted. Transmitter takes data which is in serial form and
transmits that serial data wirelessly through its antenna. Transmit-
ted output power can be reduced by the physical environmental
changes such as distortion, noise and some other signal impair-
ments. So, it is necessary to take some steps to overcome such
problems to increase or maintain the quality of transmitter.

2.1.2. RF receiver

The transmitted information (RF signals) is received by using RF

receiver. The frequency which is appearing at the transmitter
should be appearing at the receiver. The modulated RF signal was
received by RF receiver and it demodulates the data which is re-
ceived. Two types of receiver modules are available. First one is
super heterodyne receiver and the second one is super-
regenerative receivers. A series of amplifiers are used in Super-
regenerative receivers to extract modulated data from a carrier
wave and hence these are low cost and low power designs. Super
heterodyne receivers are most preferable receivers over super-
regenerative receivers. Super heterodyne receivers will increase
accuracy, stability over a large voltage and temperature range.
This stability comes from a fixed crystal design which in turn
leads to a comparatively more expensive product.

2.2 Microcontroller and RF sections:

2.2.1. Transmitter
Fig. 2: Block diagram Representation
Here the transmitter placed at front and back of speed limiting
areas. The total information that is how much the speed of the
vehicle in that region is presented in this unit. The information is 4. Blynk app
transmitted from RF transmitter to receivers by this controller unit.
This will install [6] on the monitoring unit then automatically if
2.2.2. Receiver the vehicle cross the speed limit then automatically notification
will send to the control and monitoring unit. Because every vehi-
Here receiver gets the information from transmitter. According to cle has its own unique ID (token) .IoT means that, if the blynk
that received information the receiver controls the speed of the app will install in the owners mobile phone then owners car will
vehicle. RF receiver, LCD display and DC Motors are placed in drive by some other people automatically owners will alerted by
the RF module. The driver information that is who drives the ve- this [Link] major limitation by the blynk app is we can’t add
hicle is displayed on the LCD display. more number of [Link] this proto type system we have only
one vehicle that’s why we are using this app. for the real time
3. Working application we can design a new app for more vehicles

This is a process of decreasing or limiting the speed of vehicle. 5. Results and Discussion
Whenever the vehicles enter in to the normal zone, there is no
speed limit. Whenever vehicle enter into the restricted zone i.e., In this paper, the vehicle can control the speed has been demon-
hospitals, school, parks the speed is automatically reduced. For strated. It is of very low cost and this project is simple. It is very
this purpose, a module is designed that is RF module (Figure 2). easy to implement. And it increases the life time of the human by
It has two modules; one is transmitter module and receiver module. preventing the accidents. The results (Figure 3) are shown in the
Transmitter module is placed at sides of road. Receiver module is blynk app at different speed levels when the vehicle reaches to RF
placed inside the vehicle. The radio waves are radiated from the zone. And also this information will send to concerned monitor-
transmitter module and these are sensed by receiver module and ing team.
compare the speed with recorded speed. If vehicle speed less than
 74 International Journal of Engineering & Technology

Fig. 3: Screen shots (a-b) shown by blynk app at different speed levels when the vehicle reaches to RF zone

6. Conclusion
We are trying to focus on pros and cons related to this project.
Our future implementation is try to include all this mechanism to
cloud and we will monitor to done all this process with automati-
cally that is without using hardware components. And we are try-
ing to include SQL database so that we can store the zone wise
data.

References
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[4] Vinod Rao, Saketh Kumar, “Smart Zone Based Vehicle Speed Con-
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