Applied Mathematics for Civil Engineering
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Thu Htet ZawApplied Mathematics for Civil Engineering
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Thu Htet ZawCommon questions
Powered by AISubstitute y = 3x - 12 into the second equation: 6x - 4(3x - 12) = -14. Simplify to 6x - 12x + 48 = -14, which simplifies to -6x = -62, giving x = 62/6 or x = 31/3. Substitute x = 31/3 into y = 3x - 12 to find y: y = 3(31/3) - 12 = 31 - 12 = 19. Thus, x = 31/3 and y = 19.
To factorize the quadratic expression x² - 11x + 20, find two numbers that multiply to 20 (the constant term) and add to -11 (the linear coefficient). These numbers are -4 and -5. Therefore, x² - 11x + 20 can be rewritten and factored as (x - 4)(x - 5).
The strategy to simplify complex algebraic expressions includes factoring, distributing, combining like terms, and applying algebraic identities. For example, to simplify 3y + 2 ÷ 11y + 3 × 4 − 5y: first handle any operations within parentheses and exponents, then multiplication, division, and lastly addition/subtraction, maintaining order of operations (PEMDAS). Examine expression components and operations: initiate by critical grouping with correct order adjustments, ensuring stepwise simplification.
The Law of Cosines can be used to find the length of a side in a triangle when two sides and the included angle are known. The formula is c² = a² + b² - 2ab*cos(θ). Given side a = 50 meters, side b = 70 meters, and the angle between them θ = 60 degrees, substitute into the formula: c² = 50² + 70² - 2*50*70*cos(60°). This becomes c² = 2500 + 4900 - 7000*0.5 = 2500 + 4900 - 3500 = 3900. Taking the square root gives c ≈ 62.45 meters.
To find the height at which the ladder touches the wall, apply the Pythagorean theorem. The ladder, the wall, and the ground form a right triangle where the ladder is the hypotenuse, the distance from the wall is one leg, and the height up the wall is the other leg. Given the ladder length is 10 meters, and the base is 6 meters from the wall, use the equation: hypotenuse² = base² + height². Thus, 10² = 6² + height², which simplifies to 100 = 36 + height². Solving for height gives height² = 64, hence height = 8 meters.
To calculate the length of a diagonal brace connecting bridge sections A and B at an angle, use the Law of Cosines. Given sections A = 120 meters, B = 85 meters, and angle 110 degrees between them, apply: c² = A² + B² - 2AB*cos(110°). Thus, c² = 120² + 85² - 2(120)(85)cos(110°). This computation results in c ≈ 179.35 meters, using the cosine of the given angle.
A surveyor uses trigonometry to determine the height of a tower from two points at different distances by measuring angles of elevation and depression, leveraging tangent functions, which relate angles to opposite and adjacent sides. From 100 meters, the angle of elevation is 30 degrees: height = 100*tan(30°). Moving 50 meters closer (total 50 meters away), the angle of depression is 45 degrees: height = 50*tan(45°). Solving gives height = 86.6 meters at 100 meters distance, verifying the height calculations align gives a final height calculation using corrections from triangulated results between both measurements.
To solve for h in terms of the volume V and the radius r from the formula V=1/3 πr²h, rearrange the equation to isolate h. Multiply both sides by 3 to get 3V = πr²h. Then, divide both sides by πr² to solve for h, giving h = 3V/(πr²).
The Remainder Theorem states that the remainder of the division of a polynomial f(x) by a linear divisor x−a is f(a). To find the remainder when f(x)=2x³−5x²+3x−7 is divided by x−2, substitute x=2 into f(x): f(2) = 2(2)³ - 5(2)² + 3(2) - 7 = 16 - 20 + 6 - 7 = -5. Therefore, the remainder is -5.
To determine sin(x) given cos(x), use the identity sin²(x) + cos²(x) = 1. For cos(x) = 3/5, compute sin²(x) = 1 - (3/5)² = 1 - 9/25 = 16/25, so sin(x) = ±4/5. For sin(30°)+cos(45°)−tan(60°), use known values: sin(30°)=1/2, cos(45°)=√2/2, tan(60°)=√3. The expression becomes 1/2 + √2/2 - √3, approximately evaluating each component gives the resultant value.