nghpaGuhzj;jpy; md;G

kdpj caph;fs; kl;Lky;y midj;J caph;fSf;Fkhd nghJ

Ntl;if, <h;gG
; , md;G, mt;td;ig ,aw;if mbg;gilapYk;,
,iwik mbg;gilapYk; kdpj r%fk; ,dq;fz;L nfhz;Ls;sJ.

md;igg; gw;wp, kdpj Neak;, ,uf;fk;, ghrk; Nghd;w

gz;Gfis mwpQh;fs; md;G vd;gh;. gd;Kfj; jd;ik nfhz;l
,r;nrhy; Md;kPfk;, kjk; ,uz;bYk; rpwg;Gg; gz;igf; nfhz;L
tpsq;Fk;. mbg;gilapy; ahtw;wpYk; ,uz;lhff; fye;J ,Uf;ff;
$ba ek;Ks; [PtdhfTk;,clyhfTk;, capuhfTk;, mZf;fshfTk;,
mz;lntspg; gpugQ;rkhfTk; tpsq;Fk; guk;nghUs; kPJ nfhz;l
md;Ng cz;ik md;G vd;gh ,iwapayhsh;.

kj mbg;gilapy; kdpjNea gz;ig kf;fsplk; tpijj;j gy

jj;Jt QhdpfSk;, Md;kPf thjpfSk; cz;L. cynfq;Fk; ,iw
Gfiog; ghLtjd;wp, Ntnwe;j nraiyAk; nra;ahj ,iwabahh;fs;
gyh; cs;sdh;. mt;tifapy; jkpofj;jpypUe;j irt mbahh;fspd;
jd;ik, gz;Geyd; ahTk; Muha;e;J tpsf;Ftjhf ,t;tpay;
mike;Js;sJ.

‘md;G vd;gJ czh;r;rp kw;Wk; kdepiy rhh;e;j gy;NtW

tifahd czh;TfisAk; mDgtj;ijAk; Fwpf;fpwW. nghJthf
md;G tYthfTk;, Neh;kiwahd mDgtkhfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ.
vspikahd kfpo;r;rp Kjy; Mo;e;j jdpj;jd;ikahd ghrk; tiu
md;G gy ghpkhzq;fspy; ntspg;gLfpwJ’ vd;W tpf;fpgPbah md;G
gw;wp tpthpf;fpwJ.

md;G

kdpj cwTfSf;F md;Ng mbg;gil mjdhy;jhd;

jpUts;StH ‘md;gpd; topaJ capH epiy’ vd;Wk; czHT
G+Htkhd ‘mfj;J cWg;G’ vd;Wk; $WtH.; mbahh;, FLk;gk;

48
,th;fSld; neUq;fpa njhlHG cilatHfsplj;jpy; Vw;gLfpd;w
,uf;f czHNt ‘md;G’ vdyhk;.

mbahh;fspd; md;G

,e;j md;igg; gw;wp gy Ma;thsh;fs; gy tifapy;

Fwpg;gpbDk; ,iwad;gh;fs; cly;, nghUs;, Mtp midj;Jk;
,iwtDf;Fk;, ,iwabahh;fSf;Fk; vd;w nfhs;ifapidf;
nfhz;L tho;e;Js;sdh;. kdpjHfspy; gytif cz;L ,jid,

“jhd; tho;tjw;fhf ahH kPJk; Vwp kpjpj;Jg; Gijj;J tpl;L

NkNy Vwpg;Ngha; - vJ fpilj;jhYk; jdf;F kl;LNk

nrhe;jk; vd;W epidf;Fk; kdpj cUtpy; elkhLgtHfs;

mw;g [Ptd;fshk;. jhDz;L jd; FLk;gk; cz;L! mf;fk;

gf;fk; tho;gtiu Xuf; fz;zhy; ghHgJ $l tPz;!

vd;W tho;gtHfs; ‘fhy;’ kdpjHfshk;. jhDk; tho;e;J

kw;wtHfSf;Fk; nfhQ;rk; Njhs; nfhLg;gtHfs; ‘ghjp’

kdpjHfshk;. jq;fisg; NghyNt kw;wtHfSk; tho Ntz;Lk;!

vd;W mf;fiw nfhs;gtHfs; Nerf; fuk; ePl;LgtHfs;

‘KO’ kdpjHfshk; gpwUf;F cjTtjw;fhfNt rpe;jpj;J

XahJ cioj;J nghUs; <l;LgtHfs; kpfr; rpyH. mtHfs;

“kdpjHfshk;.’’1

vd;W Kj;Jf;Fkud; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;.

gy mbahh;fs; rptdpd; GfioAk; md;igAk; vLj;Jiuf;f

Kad;wdh;. mth;fSs; xUtuhd, jpU%yh;,

49
 “md;G rptk; ,uz;L vd;gh; mwptpyhh;

md;Ng rptkhtJ MUk; mwpfpyhh;

md;Ng rptkhtJ MUk; mwpe;j gpd;

md;Ng rptkha; mkh;e;J ,Ue;jhNu”2 (jpUke;jpuk; gh-2)

vd;W md;G NtW rptk; NtW vd;ghh; mwptpy;yhjhh;. md;Gk;

rptKk; xd;W vd;gnj cz;ik nad;Wk;, ,jid czh;eN
; jhh;
md;Ng rptkha; mkh;ej
; pUg;ghh; vd;W jpU%yh; $Wfpwhh;. mt;td;Ng
kf;fSf;F gy mbath;fs; vLj;Jiuj;jijf; fliknadf;
nfhz;ldh;.

tpws; kpz;lhpd; md;G

nrq;Fd;W}hpy; Ntshz; kuigr; NrHe;j njhz;lH tpws;

kpz;lH. rptd; jpUtbAk;, rptdbahH jpUtbAk; md;wp NtWgw;W
mw;wtH. rptdbahH kPJ Ngud;G nfhz;ltH. Re;juH jpUth&hpy;
EioAk; NghJ mbahH $bapUf;Fk; Njthrphpa kz;lgj;jpy;
mbahiuj; njhohky; jpahfg; ngUkhd; NfhapYs; nrd;whH. nra;jp
mwpe;j tpws; kpz;lH Re;juH GwkhthH vd;whH. mbahiug; Ngzhj
Re;juHf;F mUspa gpiw R+bg; ngUkhDk; Gwnkd;whH. nra;jp
mwpe;j Re;juH Njthrphpa kz;lgj;jpy; cs;s mbahHfisj;
njhOJ jpahfg; ngUkhid topgl;L md;ghy; jpUj;njhz;lj;
njhif ghbdhH vd;gjid,

“jpUthH ngUik jpfo;fpd;w Njthrphpa dpilg; nghype;J

kUth epd;w rptdbahH jk;ikj; njhOJ te;jizah(J)

xUth nwhJq;Fk; td;nwhz;ld; Gwnfd; Wiug;gr; rptdUs;

ngUfh epd;w ngUk;NgW ngw;whH: kw;Wk; ngwhepd;whH.’’

([Link]-497)

50
vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ

‘GwF’ vd;w nrhy; xJf;fp itj;jiyf; Fwpf;Fk;. CUf;Fg;

Gwk;ghf elg;Nghiu CuhH Gwk;ghf xJf;fp itg;gH. mtNuhL ve;j
cwTk; nfhs;shH. rptngUkhd; vOe;jUspAs;s jyq;fs; NjhWk;
nrd;W topgl;L mbahH $l;lj;ijj; njhOk; md;Gilauhf tho;e;j
tpwd; kpz;lH jpUj;njhz;lH ngUik ntspg;gLj;Jk; jpUj;njhz;lj;
njhif cUthff; fhuzkhf ,Ue;jtH vd;gJ Gyg;gLfpwJ.

gw;ww;w mbahH kPJ gw;Wf;nfhz;L tpsq;FtJ kw;w gw;iw

tpLtjw;F cjTk; vd;W ts;StH fPo; fhz; Fwspy; $WtH.

“gw;Wf gw;ww;whd; gw;wpid mg;gw;iwg;

gw;Wf gw;W tplw;F’’3 (Fws;-350 )

Nkw;fhz; Fws; ‘gpwg;G’ vd;w tha;g;ghl;by; ‘tplw;F’ vd

epiwTWk;. gw;wWj;jhy; gpwg;Gtplw;F cjTk; vd;w fUj;ijg; gpwg;G
tha;g;ghl;ilf; nfhz;L Fws; czHj;Jk;.

Fwpg;ghf gw;ww;w tho;f;if vd;gjpy; kPjhd md;Ng MFk;.

Ik;Gyd;fspd; czh;Tfs; ahtw;iwAk; tpyf;fp, ,iw md;G
kl;LNk cz;ikahd md;G vd cyfk; gw;W ,d;wp ,iwtidNa
md;ghff; nfhz;L mbath;fs; ,iw Gfiog; ghb kf;fsplk; ,iw
md;ig tpijj;jdh;.

jpy;iytho; me;jzh;fspd; Ngud;G

rptngUkhDf;Fr; nra;Ak; njhz;bidg; ngUk; Ngwhff;

fUJth;fshfTk;, ngUkhid Nehf;fp jtk; nra;J
tho;gtHfshfTk;, ,iwtid kiwfshy; Nghw;WgtHfshfTk;,
kq;fyj; njhopy;fs; nra;J tho;gtHfshfTk;, cyf capHfs;
vy;yhk; tho;e;J Kf;jp ngw MftdPak;, jf;fpzhf;fpdpak;,
fhUfgj;jpak; vd;w Kj;jP Nts;tp nra;gtHfshfTk;, ehd;kiwAk;,

51
Mwq;fKk; gpioaw czHe;jpUe;jth;fshfTk;, Fw;wkw;w xOf;fk;
nfhz;L Xjy;, XJtpj;jy;, <jy;, Vw;wy;, Ntl;ly;, Ntl;gpj;jy; vd;w
MW njhopYk; tOthJ nra;gtHfshfTk;, cyfk;GfOk; khdKk;,
nghWikAk; cilatHfshfTk;, rupia, fpupia, Nahfk;, Qhdk;
vd;w ehd;F newpfspYk; jtwhJ ,iwad;Gk;, capHfs; Nky;
md;G nfhz;L tpsq;FgtHfshfTk;, nrk;ik epiwe;j rpe;ijNahL
nja;t Ntjpah;fshfTk; tpsq;fpdhh;fs;. Cdkw;wtH ,y;ywj;jhH
gpwUf;fhf nra;Ak; jhdKk;, Jwtwj;jhH jdf;fhfr; nra;Ak;
jtKk; Nkw;nfhs;tijNa flikahff; nfhz;L tpsq;fpdhh;.
,jid,

“kWtpyh kugpd; te;J khwpyh xOf;fk; G+z;lhH:

mWnjhopy; Ml;rpahNy mUq;fyp ePq;fp cs;shH;

cWtJ ePw;wpd; nry;tk; vdf; nfhSk; cs;sk; kpf;fhH;

ngWtJ rptd;ghy; md;ghk; Ngnwdg; ngUfp tho;thH.’’

(nghpa Guhz gh- 355 )

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

ntapypy; mUik epoypy; jhd; njhpAk; vd;w gonkhopf;F

Vw;g jpy;iytho; me;jzHfs; ,iwtd; kPJ md;G nfhz;L cyf
capHfSf;Fr; nra;Ak; njhz;L ,iwtidr; nrd;wilAk; vd
vz;zpdH. mjdhy; gy Jd;gq;fspYk; cod;W nfhz;bUf;Fk;
capHfs; ed;newpapy; tho topfhl;bdH. kiy Nfhilf; fhyj;jpy;
jhd; Jd;GwpDk; jd; fz;tho; capHfis thoitf;Fk;. mJNghyj;
jpy;iytho; me;jzHfs; jhk; Jd;GwpDk; jd;dyk; fUjhJ
mbahhpd; nghJ eyk; fUjp md;G fhl;bdh;.

52
,aw;gif ehadhhpd; md;G

,aw;gifehadhh; GfhH efu tzpfH Fyj;jpy; Njhd;wpath;.

,thplk; rptdbahHfs; te;J vJ Nfl;lhYk; ,y;iy vd;W
nrhy;yhky; <e;jtH. xU ehs; rptngUkhNd Ntjpauha; te;jhH.
,aw;gifehadhh; mt;Ntjpaiu tzq;fp tuNtw;W md;NghL
mHr;ridfs; nra;jhH. mg;NghJ ‘vjpH ghuhJ <Ak; cd; jd;ik
mwpe;J te;Njd; vd;W NtjpaH $w, ,aw;gifehadhh;
‘cs;snjy;yhk; rptdbahH cilik’ vd;whh;. clNd Ntjpah;
,aw;gif ehadhhplk; cd; kidtpia nfhLf;Fk;gb Nfl;lhh;.
,aw;gif ehadhh; khwhJ toq;fpdhH. kWj;j Rw;wj;jhUld; NghH
nra;J ghJfhg;ghf Ntjpaiuf; nfhz;LNghdhH. ,aw;gif
ehadhhpd; kidtpahH Ntjpahpd; ,izabiaj; njhOJ epd;whs;.

,y;yj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; ,Uisg; Nghf;Ffpd;w ,y;yhs; fztd;

tpUg;gNk jd; tpUg;gk; vd;W fztd; $w;iw cte;J Vw;W te;j
NtjpaUld; Gwg;gl;lhs; vd;gJ ,aw;if ehadhH kPJ ,y;yhs;
nfhz;bUe;j md;Gk; ,aw;ifahH rptdbahH ghy; nfhz;l Ngud;Gk;
GydhfpwJ ,jid,

“,d;WePH vdf;F mUs; nra;jJ ,JNty;

vd; capHf;nfhL ehj! ePH ciuj;jJ

xd;iw ehd; nrAk; mj;jid my;yhy;

chpik NtW csNjh vdf;(F)?vd;W

jd;jdpg; ngUq; fztiu tzq;fj;

jho;J njhz;ldhHjk; vjpH tzq;fr;

nrd;W khjtd; Nrtb gzpe;J

jpifj;J epd;wds; jpUtpDk; nghpahs;’’

53
 (nghpa .Guhz gh-412 )

“nrd;wtH jLj;j Nghjpy; ,aw;gif ahHKd; rPwp

td;Wiz thNs ahfr; rhhpif khwp te;J

Jd;wpdHNjhSk; jhSk; jiyfSk; Jzpj;J tPo;j;J

ntd;wF GtpNa nwd;d mkHtpisahl;by; kpf;fhH’’

(nghpa .Guhz gh- 424)

vd;w ghly;fs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd. mbg;gilapy; ,iwtd;

kPJ nfhz;l md;gpdhy; vijAk; nra;aj; JzpAk; mbath;fs;
jkpOyfpy; ,Ue;jdh;.

,aw;gif ehadhh; rptdbahh;fsplk; nfhz;l md;gpid

czh;e;j Ntjpah; Ntlj;jpy; ,Ue;j rptngUkhd; kiwe;J
tpz;zpil nts;is fhisapy; mkh;e;jgb fhl;rp nfhLj;jhh;.
,aw;gifahNu vk;kplKk;, mbahh;fsplKk; nfhz;l md;gpidf;
fz;L kfpo;e;Njhk;. ,aw;gifahNu ePh; gOjw;wtu; Mifahy; ePUk;
epd; kidahSk; ,dpNj ,y;ywk; elj;jp gpd;G vk;ik te;J
miltPuhf vd;W mUsp kiwe;jhh;. ,jid,

“tpz;,il epd;wnts;is tpilath; mbahh; jk;ik

vz;zpa cyF jz;zpy; ,g;gb ek;ghy; md;G

gz;zpaghpT fz;L kfpo;e;jdk; gOJ,yhjha;

ez;zpa kidtpNahL ek;Kld; Nghjf vd;W”

( nghpa .Guhz gh-438)

vd;w ghly;; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.

54
,isahd;Fb khwehadhH Ngud;G

jkpofj;jpy; rptfq;if khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s CH

,isahd;Fb. Mly; ty;yhd; mbahhplj;J md;G G+z;ltH.

coTj;njhopy; nra;jtH. rptdbahh;fsplk; ,d;nrhw;Ngrp

Mrdj;jpy; mkh;j;jp mHr;rid nra;J ehy;tif czit
mURitAld; tpUe;J mspf;f mbahNu ,isahd;Fb
khwehadhh;. mth; mofhGhpj;; jiytd; FNguidg; Nghy; tho;e;jhH.
,jid,

“MSk;ehafH md;gH Mdth; ms,yhH csk; kfpoNt

ehSk;ehSk; epiwe;Jte;J EfHe;jjd;ikapd; ed;ikahy;

ePSk; khepjpapd;gug;G neUq;F nry;tk;epyhtp vz;

NjhspdhHms iff; fpUj;jpa Njho dhnud thOehs;”

(nghpa Guhz gh -444 )

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

mth; mbahh;fSf;F tpUe;J mspj;J tWikAw;W

nry;tq;fs; midj;Jk; ,oe;jhYk; mth; nfhz;l nfhs;ifia
,of;ftpy;iy. ,isahd;Fb khwehadhupd; md;ig Nrhjpf;f
,iwtd; mbahh; tbtpy; ,utpy; te;J grpf;F czT mspf;FkhW
Ntz;bdhh;. ehadhhpd; tPl;by; xd;Wk; ,y;iy. ,d;W fhiyapy;
taypy; tpijj;j ney;iy eLeprpapy; vLj;J te;J tWj;J
mhprpahf;fp czT rikf;f $iuiag; gphpj;J mLg;nghpj;Jf;
nfhy;iyapy; cs;s fPiuia gwpj;Jr; gy tpjkhf rikj;J
mbahH Ntlj;jpy; te;j rptDf;F md;NghL tpUe;J mspj;jhh;.
,jid,

“kidtpahh; nfhOeh; je;j kdkfpo;f;fwpfs; Ma;e;J

55
 Gdy;,ilf;fOtpj;jf;f Gdpjghj;jpuj;Jf; ifk;ik

tpidapdhy; NtW NtW fwpaKJ Mf;fp gz;il

epidtpdhy; Fiwanehe;J jpUmKJ mike;Jepd;W.”

(nghpa Guhz –gh- 461 )

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

‘tpUe;Njhk;Gk; gz;ig cila NkNyhH jd;dplk; ,Uf;Fk;

tpijg; gz;lj;ijAk; tpUe;Njhk;gg; gad;gLj;JtH;’ vd;W ts;StH
tFj;j ,yf;fzj;jpw;F ,yf;fpakha;j; jpfo;e;jtH kl;Lkpd;wp
tho;e;Jk; fhl;bath; ,isahd;Fb khw ehadhH. ,jid,

“tpj;Jkply;Ntz;Lk; nfhy;Nyh tpUe;Njhk;gp

kpr;rpy; kpirthd; Gyk;’’4 (Fws; -85)

vd;W ts;Sth; $Wfpd;whh;.

clyhy;, czHthy;, kdjhy; ,ad;wtiu mwk; nra;J mw

topapy; ,y;ywk; elj;JjNy cyfpy; rpwe;j mwk;. ts;StNu,

“md;Gk; mwDk; cilj;jhapd; ,y;tho;f;if

gz;Gk; gaDk; mJ”5 (Fws; gh-45)

gz;Gk; gaDNk ,y;yw tho;f;fifapy; md;GlDk;

mwj;JlDk; tho;jNy MFk; vd;W tpsf;Ffpwhh;. mt;tho;tpy;
vj;Jah; te;jhYk; thOk; tho;T newpia ,isahd;Fbkhw
ehadhH ,y;ywj;jpDs; gy Nrhjidfs; tUfpd;wd
mr;Nrhjidfisr; rhjidfshff; nfhz;L, nfhz;l nfhs;ifapy;
rpwpJk; mfyhJ rptdbahHfSf;F md;NghL czT mspj;jtH
,isahd;Fbkhw ehadhH.

56
 xt;nthU Mzpd; ntw;wpf;Fg; gpd;Dk; xU ngz; ,Ug;ghs;
vd;gJ gonkhop. mNjNghy; ,isahd;Fb khwehadhpd; ,y;yw
mwtho;T rpwf;f cw;w Jizahf ,Ue;J tUk; rptdbahh;fSf;F
jpUtKJ nra;J tpUe;Njhk;Gk; gz;ig cyfwpar; nra;jtH mth;
kidtpahH. ,jid,

“fhyp dhy;jl tpr;nrd;W iffshy;

rhyp ntz;Kis ePHtopr; rhHe;jd

Nfhyp thH ,lhepiwaf; nfhz;L

NkNy Lj;Jr; Rke;njhy;iy kPz;ldH”

(nghpa Guhz –gh- 457)

vd;w ghlybfSk;, NkYk;,

“kidtpahh; nfhOeh; je;j kdk;kfpo;fwpfs; Ma;e;J

Gdy;,ilf;fOtpj;jf;f Gdpjghj;jpuj;Jf; ifk;ik

tpidapdhy; NtW NtW fwpaKJ Mf;fp gz;il

epidtpdhy; Fiwia nehe;J jpUmKJ mike;Jepd;W”

(nghpa [Link]- 461)

vd;W ,g;ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wd.

mkHePjp ehadhH md;G

Nrho ehl;by; gioahiw vd;Dk; efupy; tzpfh; Fyj;jpy;

gpwe;j mkHePjp ehadhH tzpfj;njhopy; nra;J te;jhH. rptd;
jpUtbiaj; jtpu NtW vjpYk; rpe;ijahYk; epidahh;.
jpUey;Y}hpy; klk; xd;W epWtp mq;F tUk; rptd; mbatHfSf;F
vy;yhk; mKJ mspj;jhh;. mJkl;Lky;yhJ tUk; mbahHfSf;F
vy;yhk; fPSil Nfhtzk; toq;fpdhH. ,jid,

57
 “rpe;ij nra;tJ rptd;foy; my;yJxd;W ,yhh;

me;jptz;zhh;jk; mbath;f;F mKJnra;tpj;Jf;

fe;ij fPOil Nfhtzk; fUj;J mwpe;J cjtp

te;j nry;tj;jpd; tsj;jpdhy; tUk; gad; nfhs;thh;”

(nghpa Guhz gh-504)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

kz;Zyfpy; jd;id ehb tUfpd;w rptdbahHfSf;F mwk;

nra;JtUk; mkHePjpehadhhpd; nfhilg; ngUikia cyfwpar;
nra;a tpUk;gpa rptngUkhd; rptNahfpahH tbtpy; te;jhH.
rptNahfpahiu mkHePjpehadhH kdkfpo;r;rpNahL tuNtw;whH.
rptNahfpahH mkHePjpehadhhplk; ngUikkpf;f Nfhtzk; xd;iwf;
nfhLj;J itj;jpUf;FkhW $wptpl;L ePuhlr; nrd;whH. mf;Nfhtzk;
,iwaUshy; kiwe;jJ. rptNahfpahH ePuhbtpl;L te;J Nfl;lNghJ
Nfhtzk; fpilf;ftpy;iy. mf;Nfhtzj;jpw;F ,izahf NtW
Nfhtzk; jUtjhf mkHePjpehadhH $wpdhH. mbahh; kWj;jhh;.
mkh;ePjpahh; mf;Nfhtaj;jpw;F ,izahf nghd;> nghUs;
Nghd;wtw;iwf; nfhLg;gjhff; $wpdhh;. rptbahh; kWj;jhh;.
mkh;ePjpahh; mf;Nfhtzj;jpw;F ,izahf nghd;> nghUs;
Mfpatw;iwj; jUtjhff; $wpdhh;.

Jyhf; Nfhypy; itj;jpUe;j kw;nwhU Nfhtzj;ij

xUjl;bYk; G+e;Jfpy; gl;lhil nghd; nghUs; vd nghUl;nry;tk;
midj;ijAk; kw;nwhU jl;bYk; itj;jhh;. jl;L rkkhftpy;iy
,Wjpahf mkHePjpahUk; mtH kidtp kf;fSk; jl;by; mkHe;j
NghJ Jyhf; Nfhy; rkkhdJ. cyfg; nghUs; midj;Jk; mopAk;
jd;ik cilad. md;G xd;Nw moptpy;yhjJ. mkHePjpahH
jd;idNa ju Kd;te;jNghJjhd; Jyhf;Nfhy; rkkhdJ. ,y;ywg;

58
md;igf; fhl;bYk; ,iwad;G xd;iwNa nghpjhff; fUjpdhh;
mkh;ePjpehadhh;. ,jid,

“gz;L fhjypd; kw;Wmth; kfpo;e;Jcld; Vw

mz;lh; jk;gpuhd; jpUmiuf; Nfhtzk; mJTk;

nfhz;l md;gpdpy; Fiwglh mbath; mbikj;

njhz;Lk; xj;jyhy; xj;JNeh; epd;wJmj; Jiyjhd;”

(nghpa Guhz gh- 545)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

,y;ywj;jpy; nghd;, ngz;, kfT Nghd;w gw;Wfisf;

fhl;bYk; ,iwad;G xd;iwNa nghpjhff; fUjpdhh; mkh;ePjp
ehadhh;. mj;jifa ngUk; Mw;wy; ,iw Mw;wy; xd;Nw vd;W
fUjp jk;ikAk; jk; kidtpiaAk; xg;gilf;Fk; typikAk;,
JzpTk; cz;ikj; jd;ikAila ,iwabath;fSf;Nf chpj;j
md;ghd FzkhFk;. ‘md;G’ vd;w gjNk, ,iwikf;Fk; mth;fis
xUikg;gLj;jp epw;fpwJ. ,iw md;Ng jiy rpwe;j md;G vd rpt
mbahh;fs; vz;zp, ,iw md;gpw;fhf vjidAk; ,of;f Jzpe;jdh;
vd;gJ Gyg;gLfpwJ.

vwpgj;j ehadhH; md;G

megha Nrhod; Mz;l fUT+hpy; vwpgj;j ehadhh; tho;e;J

te;jhH. rptdbahiu topgl;L te;jhH. rptdbahHf;F JaH NeHe;jhy;
mj;JaH Jilf;f jd;DapiuAk; nghUl;gLj;jhky; Nghuhb
mbahh;fSf;F cjtp nra;thh;. mg;NghJ xUehs; fUT+hpy; cs;s
jpUMepiy rptd; NfhtpYf;F rptfhkp Mz;lhH fhiyapy; ePuhbg;
ngUkhDf;Fhpa kyHfs; gwpj;J khiyfs; fl;b mtw;iwf;
NfhtpYf;F vLj;Jr; nrd;whH. nry;Yk; topapy; Gfo;r; Nrhod;
gl;lj;J ahid ntwpf;nfhz;L Xb te;jJ. ghfUf;Fk;

59
mlq;ftpy;iy. rptfhkp Mz;lhH nfhz;L te;j khiyfisg;
gwpj;J vwpe;jJ. mg;NghJ rptfhkp Mz;lhh; rptid Nehf;fp rptjh!
Rptjh! vd;W mioj;jhh;. ,jid,

“fspah idapd;<H chpaha; rptjh!

vspahH typahk; ,with rptjh!

mspahH mbahH mwpNt rptjh!

njspthH mKNj rptjh! rptjh!’’

(nghpa Guhz gh- 566)

vd;w ghly; %yk; mwpaKbfpwJ.

rptfhkp Mz;lhH Xykpl;lhH. Xykpl;l xypiaf; Nfl;l

vwpgj;jehadhH fspWjhd; Jd;gj;jpw;F fhuznkd;W mwpe;J
fspw;iw jz;bj;jhh;. ahid Nky; ,Ue;j %d;W ghfiuAk; ,U
kUq;fpYk; nrd;w ,U ghfiuAk; jz;bj;jhh;. mbahHf;F Jd;gk;
nra;j ahidia mlf;fhj ghfHfSk; Fw;wthsp vd epidj;J
mth;fisAk; jz;bj;jhH. muz;kidr; NrtfH ,r;nra;jpia
kd;dDf;F mwptpj;jdH.

vwpgj;j ehadhh; mbahH kPJ nfhz;l md;G jiyahd jha;

md;ghFk;. jha;jhd; Foe;ijf;F jPq;F te;jNghJ jd; JaH
Nehf;fhJ Foe;ij Jd;gj;ij Nehf;Fths;. mJ Nghy; vwpgj;jH
fspwhy; jdf;F tUk; Jd;gk; Nehf;fhJ ahidiaj; jz;bj;jhH.
,jid,

“gha;jYk; tpirnfhz;L ca;f;Fk; ghfiuf; nfhz;L rPwpj;

fha;joy; ckpo;fz; Ntok; jphpe;J Nky; fJt mr;rk;

jha;jiy md;gpd; Kd;G epw;FNk jife;J gha;e;J

Njha;jdpj; jlf;if tPo kOtpdhy; Jzpj;jhH njhz;lH’’

60
 (nghpa -Guhz gh- 574)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

‘jhd; Mltpy;iy vd;whYk; jd; rij MLk;’ vd;gJ KJnkhop.

cyfk; KOtJk; ‘md;G’ vd;w kyiu jiof;fr; nra;j mbahHf;F
Jd;gk; vd;wJk; vwpgj;jH Jbj;jhH. tpz;ztUk; kz;ztUk;
vjpHj;jhYk; mQ;rh typikNahL rptdbahHfisf; fz;iz ,ik
fhg;gJ Nghy; rptdbahh;fs; kPJ md;G nfhz;L mth;fisf;
fhj;jhh;.

vwpgj;j ehadhh; ahidiaj; jz;bj;jy; vd;w nray;

fhz;gjw;F kdpj Neak; mw;w nrayhfj; njhpe;jhYk;> vwpgj;j
ehadhh; rptdbahhfspd; Jauj;ijj; jd; Jauhff; fUjpa ghq;F
,q;F Nehf;fj; jf;fJ. rptdbahh;fspd; kPJ nfhz;bUe;j md;igf;
fhz KbfpwJ.

Vdhjpehj ehadhH mdG

Vdhjpehj ehadhH Nrho ehl;bYs;s vapdD}H vd;w Ciur;

rhHe;jtH. fs; ,wf;Fk; <otH Fyr; rhd;N;whH kugpdH. <ok; vd;gJ
fs;spidf; Fwpf;Fk;. Vdhjp ehjH kd;dH gilfl;F thl;gapw;rp
mspj;J me;j tUthiaf; nfhz;L rptdbahHfl;F Ntz;Ltd
nra;jhH;. Vdhjp ehjd; cwtpdd; mjpR+ud;. Vdhjp ehjhpd;
tUthiaf; fz;L mjpR+ud; nghwhik cw;whd;. mjd; fhuzkhf
Vdhjpehjiug; NghUf;F mioj;jhd;. ntw;wp ngw;wtH thl;gapw;rp
jUtjw;F chpatH vd xg;ge;jk; nra;J nfhz;ldh;. mjd;gb
Vdhjp ehjiu vjpHj;Jg; Nghhpl;L Njhw;whd;.

mjpR+ud; kPz;Lk; mtiu vjpHf;fj; Jzpe;J xUehisj;

Njh;en
; jLj;jhd;. mg;NghJ mjpR+ud; new;wp epiwa jpUePWG+rp
new;wpia Nflaj;jhy; kiwj;Jf; nfhz;lhd;. Vdhjp ehjH
mjpR+uid vjpHj;jhH. Nflaj;ij ePf;fpaTld; Vdhjp ehjH
mjpR+ud; new;wpapy; jpUePW fz;lhH. new;wpapy; jpUePW G+rpa
61
rptdbahUld; NghH nra;af; $lhnjd mjpR+uDld; NghH GuptJ
Nghyg; ghtid nra;jhH. mjpR+ud; Vdhjp ehjiuf; ntd;whd;.
Vdhjp ehjH rptdbahiuAk; jpU ePw;wpd; ngUikiaAk; fhj;J
Mdtk;, fd;kk;, khia vd;w ge;j ghrk; mfd;W ngUkhd;
nghd;dk;gyk; mile;J tPL ngw;whH. ,jid,

“kw;W,dpehk; Nghw;WtJ vd;? thNdhh;gpuhd; mUisg;

gw;wyHjq; ifthshy; ghrk; mWj;jUsp

cw;wtiu vd;Wk; cld;gphpah md;gUspg;

nghw;nwhbahs; ghfdhH nghd;dk; gyk; mize;jhH’’

(ngupa Guhz gh- 648)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

Vdhjpehj ehadhh; ngUk tPuuhf ,Ue;jhYk; vjphpapd;

Kfj;jpy; jpUePw;iwf; fz;l clNd rptdbahiu vjph;f;f kdkpd;wp
Nghhpy; Njhw;whh;. ,jd; %yk; Vdhjpehjh; rptdbahh; kPJ nfhz;l
md;G ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.

Fq;fpypaf; fya ehadhH md;G

Nrho ehl;by; cs;s jpUf;flT+hpNy Njhd;wpath;

Fq;fpypf;fya ehadhH. ,th; jd;id ehb tUk; rptdbahh;fSf;F
mKJ mspg;gJld; rptd; Nfhapy;fl;Ff; Fq;fpypak; vd;Dk;
eWkzg;Gifiaf; fhl;Lk; J}g jPgj;ij jtwhky; nfhLj;Jte;jhH.
mbahh;fSf;F mKJ mspj;Jk; rptd; Nfhapy;fSf;F J}gk;
nfhLj;Jf;nfhLj;J tWikAw;w epiyapYk; Myaj;jpw;F nra;Ak;
jpUg;gzpAk; mbahh;fAf;F nra;Ak; njhz;Lk; jilglhky; nra;J
te;jhh;. xU Kiw mbahh;fSf;Fk; jd; Foe;ijfSf;Fk; czT
mspf;f tPl;by; VJk; ,y;yhj fhuzj;jhy; Fq;fpypaf; fyadhH
kidtp jd; jpUkq;fy ehizf; nfhLj;J tPl;bw;F czTg;

62
nghUs; thq;fptur; nrhd;dhH. Fq;fpypaf; fyadhH tPjp top
nry;Yk;NghJ Fq;fpypaj;ijr; Rke;J te;j tzpfiuf; fz;L
kq;fs ehz; nfhLj;Jf; Fq;fpypak; midj;ijAk; ngw;Wf; Nfhapy;
nrd;W ,iwtid topgl;lhh;. ,jid

“ahJxd;Wk; ,y;iy Mfp ,Ugfy; czT khwpg;

NgJcW ike;j NuhLk; ngUF Rw;wj;ij Nehf;fpf;

fhjy;nra; kidtp ahHjk; fztdhH fya dhHf;iff;

NfhJ,y;kq; fyE}y; jhyp nfhLj;J ‘ney; nfhs;Sk; vd;whH”

(nghpa Guhz gh- 9)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

tWikapd; fhudkhf vd;d nra;tJ vd;W njhpahky;

Myaj;jpNyNa cwq;fptpl;lhh;. ,iwtd; mUshy; Fq;fpypf; fyaH
tPl;by; nry;tk; mzpfyd; mhprp Kjypa jhdpaq;fs; midj;J
nghUs;fSk; gy;fpg;ngUfpd. Fq;fpypaf; fyadhh; cwf;fj;jpypUe;J
tpopj;J vOe;J tPl;bw;F te;J ghh;j;jNghJ tpae;jhh; Fq;fpypaf;
fyadhH. jdf;F fpilj;j ngUQ; nry;tj;ij tUfpd;w
rptdbahHfSf;Ff; nfy;yhk; Ngud;NghL nrOq;fwpaKJ, nea;,
japH, ghy; Mfpatw;NwhL mKJ gilj;jhH. tof;fk; Nghy; jk;
jpUg;gzpiaf; Fiwtwr; nra;J te;jhH. ,jid,

“CHnjhWk; gypnfhz;La;f;Fk; xUtd; NgHmUsp shNy

ghhpdpy; MHe;j nry;tk; cilauhk; gz;gpy; ePbr;

rPUil mbrpy; ey;y nrOq;fwp japH nea; ghyhy;

MHjU fhjy; $u mbatHf; FjTk; ehspy;”

(nghpa Guhz gh- 857)

63
vd;w ghly; tpsf;FfpwJ.

kzkhd ngz;fs; capuhff; fUJtJ jpUkq;fy ehz;.

ve;epiyapYk; jd; jhypia kl;Lk; tpw;fNth my;yJ mlF
itf;fNth cld; glhj ngz;fs; rKjhaj;jpy; fyadhH
kidtpNah rptdbahh; kPJk; FLk;gj;jpdH kPJk; nfhz;bUe;j
md;gpd; kpFjpahy; grpf; nfhLikiag; Nghf;f kq;fyk; nghUe;jpa
jd; jhypiaf; fow;wpf; tpw;ff; nfhLj;jhH vd;gijg; ghh;f;Fk;NghJ
mthpd; md;G ntspg;gLfpwJ.

cyfpy; vJ rha;e;jhYk; md;G rha;jy; $lhJ. cz;ik

gf;jh;fs; me;jr; rha;it rhp nra;Ak; rf;jp cilath;fs; vd;gij
czh;j;Jk; Nehf;fk; mbath;fSf;F ,Ue;jij cWjp nra;a
KbfpwJ.

jpUf;Fwpg;Gj; njhz;lhpd; md;G

kdk;, nkhop, nka;fshy; rptdbahh;fspd; Fwpg;gwpe;J njhz;L

nra;jjhy; jpUf;Fwpg;Gj; njhz;lH vdr; rpwg;G ngw;whH. ,tH Vfhyp
(Vfhyp-tz;zhH) Fy kugpy; Njhd;wp fhQ;rpapy; rptdbahh;fSf;Fj;
njhz;L nra;J te;jhH. ‘kz;Zjy;’ vd;w nrhy; khR fisjy;
vd;W nghUs;gLk;. Jzpfspd; khrpidf; fOtpf; fisjyhy;
,g;ngaH te;jJ. ,th; ehs;NjhWk; mbahH Jzpfisj; Jitj;Jf;
nfhLg;ghH. xU ehs; rptngUkhNd mbahuhf te;jhH. fhtp
ciliaj; Jitj;J ju Ntz;bdhH. khiyf;Fs; ju Ntz;Lk;
vd;W cWjp thq;fpf; nfhz;L ,iwtid jhprpf;fr; nrd;whh;.

jpUf;Fwpg;Gj; njhz;lH xg;Gf; nfhz;l tz;zk; nfhLf;f

Kbahky; kio ,iltplhJ nga;jJ. rptdbahUf;Ff; nfhLj;j
thf;fpidf; fhf;f Kbahj jpUf;Fwpg;Gj; njhz;lH Jzp Jitf;Fk;
fy;ypy; jd; jiyia NkhjpdhH. mg;NghJ rptnghUkhd; tpilapd;
Nky; ckhNjtpAld; fhl;rp je;J mUspdhh;. ,jid>

“Kd;dtiu NeH Nehf;fp Kf;fz;zH %TyFk;

64
epd;dpiyik mwptpj;Njhk; ePAk; ,dp ePbaUk;

kd;DyF gphpahJ itFtha; vd mUsp

me;epiyNa vOe;jUsp mz;Vfhk;guk; mizeljhh;.”

(nghpa Guhz gh-1209 )

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.

ngUkhdpd; Jzpiaj; Jitf;f Kbahj jpUf;Fwpg;Gj;

njhz;lH jd; fe;ijahfpa cliy xopf;f Kad;W ,Wjpapy;
ntw;wp fz;lhH vd;gh;. mbg;gilapy; ,iwtdpd; vy;iyaw;w
<h;g;gpy; md;ig ntspg;gLj;Jk; Nehf;fpy; jk;ikNa mh;gzpj;Jf;
nfhz;l gym bath;fis nghpaGuhzk; tpsf;fpr; nry;fpwJ.

%h;f;f ehadhHpd; md;G

%Hf;f ehadhH njhz;il ehl;by; jpUNtw;fhl;by; Ntshsh;

Fyj;jpy; gpwe;J tho;e;j irt mbahH. jpUePw;wpd; kPJk; rptdbahh;
kPJk; md;G nfhz;ltH. jhd; tWikAw;w NghJ jd;Dila fhzp
epyk; tpw;W rptdbahHfSf;F mKjpl;lhH. NkYk; jd;dplk;
xd;Wkpy;yhj epiyapy; jpUf;Fle;ij mile;J R+jhb te;j
tUthiaf; nfhz;L mbahHf;F mKJ nra;tpj;J ,d;Gw;whH.
tUthia jhk; jPz;lhH. mbahHf;F mKjplNt gad;gLj;jpdhH.
,jid

“R+jpdpy; ntd;W va;J nghUs; JhpR mw;w ey; czHtpy;

jPJ mfy mKJ Mf;FthH nfhs;sj; jhk; jPz;lhH

fhjYld; mbahHfs; mKJ nraf; filg; ge;jp

Vjk;,yh tif jhKk; mKJnra;J mq;F ,Uf;Fk; ehs;”

([Link] -3632)

65
 vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

jhkiu Nrw;wpy; kyHfpwJ. kyH gpwe;j ,lj;ij ahUk;

ghHg;gjpy;iy. kyhpd; kzj;ij kl;Lk; ghHf;Fk; kdpjiug; Nghy;
%Hf;fehadhh; rptdbahHfSf;F mKJ gilj;jhH. ,iwtd; %Hf;f
ehadhH mKjplg; nghUs; <l;ba topia Nehf;fhJ mthpd; md;G
kdij kl;Lk; ghHj;j jd;ik Gyg;gLfpwJ.

%h;f;f ehadhh; R+jhb mjpy; fpilj;j nghUisf; nfhz;L

mbahh;fSf;F mKjpl;lhh;. R+jhbf; fpilj;j nghUisj; jhk;
gad;gLj;jhky; mbahh;fspd; eyDf;fhfNt gad;gLj;jpdhh;.
R+jhLjy; vd;w nray; kdpjj; jd;ik mw;wjhff; fhzg;gl;lhYk;
mth; mbahh; eyd; fUjp rptdbahh;fspd; Nky; nfhz;l md;igf;
fhz KbfpwJ.

jpUehTf;furH md;G

jpUKidg;ghb ehl;by; jpUth%hpy; Ntshsh; kugpy;

Njhd;wpath; jpUehTf;fuR ehadhh;. ,sikapNyNa jha; je;ijia
,oe;J jkf;if jpyftjpahH Mjutpy; tsHe;j jpUehTf;furHf;F
md;G newp Mog; gjpe;J tpl;lJ. ,jid,

“tUj;jk; kpFjp Rl;Lq; fhiy

chpj;njd nkhop tho;f;ifAs; ,uf;fk;”6

(njhy;. nghUs;-538)

tho;tpy; mjpfg;gbahd Jd;gk; mDgtpj;jtH ngUk;ghYk;

gpwhplk; ,uf;fk;, md;G cs;stuhf ,Ug;gH vd;gJ njhy;fhg;gpaH
fUj;J.

jpUehTf;furH tho;tpYk; cwTfis ,oe;J ,uf;fk; nfhz;L

capHfl;F md;Gj; njhz;L nra;J jiyrpwe;J tpsq;fpdhH. ,sk;
tajpy; rKjhaj;jpw;Fg; gad;gLk; Nrhiyfs; cz;lhf;fpdhH.

66
ePHtsk; jUk; Fsq;fs; Njhz;bdhH. jd;id te;jile;jhHf;F
tpUe;jspj;J Ntz;Ltijf; nfhLj;J kfpo;e;jhH. GytHfs; tpUk;Gk;
nghUs; nfhLj;J Mjhpj;jhH. ahUk; tpUk;gpaijf; nfhLj;Jf;
nfhilapw; rpwe;J tpsq;fpdhH. mwr;rhiyfSk; jz;zPHg; ge;jYk;
cz;lhf;fpdhH. kz;ZapHfspd; Nky; md;G nfhz;L mwk;
nra;jjhy; jUkNrdH vdg; Nghw;wg;gl;lhH. ,jid

“khR,y;kdj; Jah;xopakUs;ePf;fpahh; epuk;gpj;

Njrnewp epiyahikfz;L mwq;fd; nra;thuha;f;

fhrpdp Nky; Gfo; tpsq;f epjpaspj;Jf; fUizapdhy;

Mrpy; mwr; rhiyfSk; jz;zPHge;jUk; mikg;ghH”

( nghpa Guhz gh- 1305 )

vd;w ghly;fSk; NkYk;>

“fhtsHj;Jk; Fsk; njhl;Lk; flg;ghL tOthky;

NktpdHf;F Ntz;Ltd kfpo;e;jspj;Jk; tpUe;jspj;Jk;

ehtyHf;F tsk; ngUf ey;fpAk;eh dpyj;Js;NshH

ahtUf;Fe; jtpuhj <iftpidj; Jiwepd;whH”

(nghpa Guhz gh- 1306)

vd;w ghly; %yk; mthpd; rpwg;gpid czuKbfpd;wJ.

,j;jpUehTf;furhpd; kPJ md;G nfhz;Nl mg;G+jp mbfs; tPL

NgW mile;jhh; vd;gh;. jd; jkf;ifapd; md;ghy; ehTf;furh; rkak;
khw ehTf;furhpd; ngah; cr;rhpg;NghL $ba md;ghy; mbath;
mg;G+jp mbfs; tho;e;jik %yk; ,iw md;G vy;iyapy;yhjJ
vd;gij czu Kbfpd;wJ.

67
mg;G+jp mbfspd; md;G

jpq;fs+iur; rhHe;j mg;G+jpabfs; nfhiy, Nfhgk;, fs;,

fhkk;, fsT, Kjypa gQ;rkhghjfq;fshfpa Fw;wq;fs; ,y;yhj
mbahH. jpUehTf;furiug; gw;wpr; nrtpAw;w mg;G+jpabfs;
mtHghy; Ngud;G cilatuhfp mtH ngauhy; jz;zPHg; ge;jy;
mwr;rhiy Kjypatw;iw mikj;jhH. jd; kfDf;Fk;
jpUehTf;furH vdg; ngahpl;lhH.

vy;yh mwq;fisAk; jpUehTf;furH ngauhy; nra;jhH.

jpq;fs+H te;j ehTf;furH mt;T+Hg; gjpfk; ghb cUfpdhH.
jpUehTf;furiu mg;G+jpabfs; tpUe;Njhk;g tpUk;gpdhH. tPl;bw;F
mioj;jhh;. mg;G+jpabfs; kfd; ngw;NwhH Mizg;gb thio
,iyia mWf;fr; nrd;whd;. mg;NghJ g+ ehfk; jPz;baJ. eQ;rhy;
kaq;fpa kfit kiwj;J itj;Jtpl;L mg;gUf;F czT
gilj;jdH. mg;gH kfitg; gw;wp tpdtp nra;jp mwpe;jhH. kfit
jpq;fs+H NfhapSf;Ff; nfhz;L nrd;W ngUkhd; kPJ gjpfk;
ghbdhH. eQ;R ePq;fp mbfshH kfd; vOe;jhd;. kfd; kaf;fk;
njspe;J capH ngw;wij vz;zp kfpohj mg;G+jp mbahH czT
cz;z fhyk; jho;ej
; Nj vd tUe;jpdhH. ,jid,

“gphpTWk; Mtpngw;w gps;isiaf; fhz;ghH njhz;bd;

newpapidg; Nghw;wp tho;e;jhH epd;wmg; gae;jhH jhq;fs;

mwptUk; ngUik md;gH mKJnra; jUS jw;Fr;

rpwpjpil A+W nra;jhd; ,td; vd;W rpe;ij nehe;jhH”

(nghpa Guhz gh- 1824)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

,we;J capH ngw;w kfdpd; kPJ nfhz;l md;igf; fhl;bYk;

jpUehTf;furUf;F mKJ gilj;jypd; NghJ ,ilA+W Vw;gl;lij

68
vz;zp tUe;jpa mg;G+jp mbfspd; Ngud;G ntspg;gLfpwJ. jHkk;
jiy fhf;Fk; vd;w gonkhopf;Nfw;g ,thpd; md;Gj; njhz;L ,th;
Jaiu jPh;j;J fhj;jJ NkYk;>

“mj;jKk; tho;Tk; mfj;J kl;Nl! tpop ak;nghOf

nkj;jpa khjUk; tPjp kl;Nl; tpk;kptpk;kp ,U

ifj;jyk;Nky; itj;jOk; ike;jUk; RLfhL kl;Nl!

gw;wpaj; njhlUk; ,Utpidg; Gz;zpa ghtKNk”

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ. ,f;fUj;jpid jpUts;StUk;

Rl;bAs;shh;.

“xy;Yk; tifahd; mwtpid XthNj

nry;Yk;tha; vy;yhk; nray;’’7

(Fws; - 33)

vd;W jpUts;StH kdk; nkhop nka;fshy; ey;tpidfis

,ilawhJ nra;a tw;GWj;JtH. ey;tpid kl;LNk md;ig
jiof;fr; nra;Ak; vd;w nfhs;ifia rptdbahh; nfhz;bUe;jdh;.
mbg;gilapy; ,U ez;gh;fSf;fpilNaAk;, jdp kdpj cwT
rhh;e;Jk; gy;NtW epiyf;fsdpy; md;G ntspg;gl;L epw;fpwJ.
Fwpf;Nfhs; tag;gl;l cs;sq;fspd; cwTfs; vijAk; ,of;fj;
JzpAk;. md;ig kl;Lk; ,of;fj; JzpahJ vd;gNj
rptdbahh;fspd; gz;G eydha; tpsq;fp ,Ug;gij czu
Kbfpd;wJ.

fowpw;wwpthhpd; md;G

Nru ehl;by; Nrukhd; ngUkhs; ehadhh; Ml;rp nra;J te;jhh;.

63.-ehad;khh;fspy; xUtnudf; fUJk; ,th; ,iwtd; jpUtUshy;
vy;yh caph;fSk; jk kdjpy; epidg;gijk; NgRtijAk; mwpAk;

69
jd;ikiag; ngw;wpUg;gjhy; fowpw;wwpthh; vd;W miof;fg;gl;lhh;.
kf;fSk; rptdbahHfSk; m/wpiz capHfSk; (fowpa) kdjpy;
epidj;j nrhy;ypatw;iwf; Fwpg;ghy; czHe;J md;Gld;
nrayhw;Wk; jd;ik nfhz;lth; Nrukhd; ngUkhs; ehadhH.
mJkl;Lkd;wp rptdbahh;fs; kdjpy; epidj;jtw;iw mg;gbNa
czh;e;J mbahh;fspd; Jd;gq;fis rpwpJk; jhq;fhky; md;NghL
mZfp mtw;iwg; Nghf;Fthh;. ,jid,

“mstpy; ngUik mfpyNah dpfSk; fowpw; wwpe;j tw;wpd;

Cskd; dpanka; AWJauk;xd;wk; xopah tif mfw;wpf;

fsT nfhiyfs; Kjyhd fbe;J fow;wp wwpthh;jhk;

tsth; ngUkhDld; nropah; kfpOq; fyg;gpy; itFehs;”

(nghpa Guhz gh-3790)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

Gfo;r;Nrho ehadhhpd; md;G

Nrho ehl;il Mz;l kd;dUs; xUth; Gfo;r;Nrho ehadhh;.

ciwA+hpNy jq;fp Ml;rp Ghpe;jth; irtk; jiof;f Kad;wth;.
Rptdbahh;fSf;F Fwpg;gwpe;J mtuth; tpUg;gj;jpw;Nfw;g cjtp
nra;gth; Fwpg;ghf rptdbahh;fspd; Jd;gj;ij jd;Jauhff; nfhz;L
mijg; Nghf;Fgth;. xU Kiw Gfo;r;Nrho ehadhh; jd;dhl;rpf;F
cl;gl;L jpiw nrYj;jhj mjpad; kPJ NghH njhLj;jhh;. mjpad;
Njhy;tpAw;whd;. NghHf;fsj;jpy; jpUePW G+rpa rptdbahh; xUtiu
Gfo;r;Nrhod; fz;lhd;. Rptdbahiuj; jd;gil tPo;j;jpaijf; fz;L
kdk; jhq;fhky; jd;DapHtplj; Jzpe;jhd;. mjd; fhuzkhf
jd;kfDf;F KbR+l;b tpl;L gpd;dh; vhpA+l;b Ie;njOj;ij Xjp
vhpAl; GFe;jhH. kq;fy xyp Koq;f tpz;ztH kyHkhhp
nghope;jdH.

70
 capHfis Nerpf;Fk; NghJ md;G ngUFk;. NghHj;njhopiy
tpLj;J md;NghL $ba mwtopapy; cyfk; nry;y Ntz;Lk; vd;w
jj;Jtj;ijg; Gfo;r;Nrho kd;ddpd; nray; ntspg;gLj;jpw;W.
‘mLjYk; njhiyjYk;’ ,ay;ngdpDk; md;G mjdpDk; cah;e;jJ
vd;gNj ehadhhpd; nrayhf tpsq;FfpwJ.

<ukpy;yh epyj;ij vtUk; tpUk;Gtjpy;iy mJNghy;

<ukpy;yhj neQ;rj;ijAk; vtUk; tpUk;gkhl;lhH. jd; nrayhy;
rptdbahh;f;F epfo;e;j epiyiaf; fz;L tUe;jp Ntjidg; gl;L
jd;Dapiu kha;j;Jf; nfhz;lhd; Gfo;r;Nrhod; vd;fpw NghJ
mthpd; <u neQ;rKk; rptdbahh; Nky; nfhz;l md;Gk;
ntspg;gLfpwJ. ,jid

“md;G mfj;J ,y;yh capH tho;f;if td;ghw;fz;

tw;wy; kuk; jspHj;jw;W”8

(Fws; -78)

“nte;jeP wUq;fyk; tpujp fl;nfyhk;”9

(ehr;rpahh; jpUg;gjpfk; -4:1)

“fz;lrilr; rpuj;jpidNahH fdfkzpf; fyj;Nje;jpf;

nfhz;LjpU Kbjhq;fpf; FyTk; vhp tyq; nfhs;thH

mz;lHgpuhd; jpUehkj; jQ;nrOj;Jk; vLj;Njhjp

kz;Ljow; gpok;gpzpil kfpo;jUsp cs;Gf;fhH”

(nghpa Guhz gh 3983)

vd;w ghly;fs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd.

71
eurpq;f KidaiuaH md;G

jpUKidg;ghb ehl;il Mz;l eurpq;f KidaiuaH Ml;rp

nra;J te;jhh;. ,th; rptdbahh;fsplk; Ngud;G nfhz;L tho;e;jth;.
,th; rptngUkhDf;Fhpa jpUMjpiu ehs;NjhWk; rpwg;G topghL
nra;J te;jhh;. topghl;by; fye;J nfhz;l rptdbahHf;nfy;yhk;
nghd;Dk; nghUSk; toq;fp te;jhh;. mNjhL tUfpd;w
rptdbahHfSf;F mKjspj;J tpUe;J gilj;jhH.

eurpq;f KidaiuaH XH jpUMjpiuj; jpUehspy; Nkd;ik

rhd;w irt newpapy; thOk; mbahHfSf;Fg; nghd;idAk;
nghUisAk; nfhLj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhH. mg;nghOJ XH mbahH jk;
clypy; jd;khdk; ,of;fg;gLkhW fhkk; kpFjpahy; jhd; ngw;w
FwpfNshL te;jhH. mthpd; epiyfz;L gf;fj;jpy; ,Ue;jtHfs;
mUtUg;NghL ghHj;J xJq;fp epd;wdH. mjidf; fz;l eurpq;f
KidaiuaH mtH vjpNu nrd;W tzq;fp ,d;nkhopNgrp kpFe;j
md;NghL cgrhpj;J mtUf;F ,ul;bg;ghf ,UE}W nghd; nfhLj;J
mDg;gpdhH. ,jid,

“kw;wtHjk; tbtpUe;j gbfz;L kUq;Fs;shH

cw;w ,fo;r; rpauhfp xJq;FthH jikf; fz;L

nfhw;wtdhH vjpHnrd;W ifFtpj;Jf; nfhLNghe;jg;

ngw;wpapdhH jik kpfTq; nfhz;lhbg; NgZthH”

(nghpa Guhz gh -3991 )

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

capHf; nfhy;yp Neha;f;F kUe;J ,y;yhj NghJ kUj;JtH,

Nehahspapd; Rw;wj;jhhplk; ‘NehahspNahL neUq;fpg; gofp md;G
nrYj;JtNj rpwe;j kUe;J’ vdf; $WtH. eurpq;f KidaiuaH
fhkj;jpy; jpiyj;J cod;W nfhz;bUf;Fk; mbahhplk; md;G vd;w

72
kUe;jhy; kl;LNk mthpd; kdepiyia khw;w KbAk; vd;gij
czHe;J nray;gl;lhh; ,Wjpapy; ntw;wpAk; fz;lhh;.

,jd; %yk; eyrpq;f Kidaiwah; rptdbahh;fspd; Nky;

nfhz;l md;igf; fhz Kbfpd;wJ.

,opnray; nra;jtuhapDk; jpUePW mzpe;jpUf;fpd;w

fhuzj;jhy; ngUkhdpd; mbahuhf Vw;Wg; Nghw;w Ntz;Lk; vdj;
jpUehTf;furH Fwpg;gpl;bUg;gJk; Nehf;fj;jf;fJ. ,jid

“vtNuDe; jhkhf tpyhlj; jpl;l

jpUePWQ; rhjdKq; fz;lhy; cs;fp,

ctuhNj mtutiuf; fz;l NghJ

cfe;jbikj; jpw epide;jq; Fte;J Nehf;fp,

,tHNjtH mtHNjth; vd;W nrhy;yp

,uz;lhl;lh njhope;jPrd; jpwNk Ngzpf;

ftuhNj njhOkbahH neQ;rpd; cs;Ns

fd;whg;G+H eLjwpiaf; fhzyhNk”10

(mg;gh; Njthuk; gh -63)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

fypf;fk;g ehadhH md;G

jpUg;ngz;zhflk; vd;Dk; Cupy; tzpfh; Fyj;jpy;

Njhd;wpatH fypf;fk;g ehadhH. ,th; rptdbahHfsplk; md;G
nfhz;L mth;fSf;F czT cil nghUs; nfhLj;J
mbahh;fSf;F njhz;L nra;J tho;e;J te;jhh;.

ehs;NjhWk; rptdbahh;fis jd; ,y;yj;jpw;F mioj;J te;j

rptdbahh;fs; midtiuAk; thpirahf epWj;jp jd; kidtpahh;
73
ePh;thh;f;fg; ghjG+ir nra;J me;j ePiuj; jiyNky; njspj;Jf;
nfhs;thH. gpwF me;j rptdbahHfSf;F fwp, nea;, japH, jPk;ghy;,
fdpfs; Mfpatw;Wld; $ba ,d;dKJ gilg;ghH.

ehs;NjhWk; jd; ,y;yj;jpw;F tUfpd;w rptdbahh;fSf;F

ghjG+ir nra;J mth;fs; jpUtKJ nra;tjw;F Ntz;ba vy;yh
tw;iwAk; jhNk nra;J fyq;fhj rpe;jidAld; rptdbahh;fSf;F
tpUe;J mspj;Jte;jhh;. ,jid,

Ms md;gh; jhnkd;Wk; muzhh; md;gh;f; fKJnra

Nkd;ik tpsq;F NghdfKk; tpUk;G fwpnea; japh;jPk;ghy;

Njdpd; ,dpa fdpfl;b jpUe;j mKJnra;tpj;Nj

Videpjpak; Ntz;Ltd vy;yhk; ,d;g Kwmspg;ghh;.”

(nghpa Guhz gh- 4017)

“tpsf;fp mKJ nra;tjw;F Ntz;L tdjh Nknra;J

Jsf;fpy; rpe;ij Ald; njhz;lH jk;ik mKJ nra;tpj;jhH

msg;gpy; ngUik atHgpd;Dk; mLj;j njhz;bd; topepd;W

fsj;jpy; eQ;rk; mzpe;jtH jhs; epow;fPo; mbahUld;

fye;jhH’’

(nghpa Guhz gh- 4023)

vd;w ghly;fs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd.

‘vj;njhopy; nra;apDk; Nkd;ik md;Nwh’ vd;gJ ghujpapd;

$w;W. fypf;fk;gH vf;Fyj;jpy; gpwe;jhYk; vj;njhopiyr; nra;jhYk;
md;G tpisAk; <u neQ;rj;jtuhf ,Ue;jhy; me;j neQ;rpy;
ngUkhd; Fb nfhs;thh; vd;gij cyfwpar; nra;Js;shH.

74
Nfhl;Gyp ehadhH md;G

Nfhl;Gyp ehadhH Nrhoehl;by; jpUehl;baj;jhd;Fb vd;Dk;

Chpy; Ntshsh; Fyj;jpy; gpwe;jtH. Nrhokd;ddpd; NghHg;gilj;
jsgjpaha; tpsq;fpatH. rptdbahHfl;F mKjpl;L tpUe;jspf;f
jd;tUthapy; xU gFjp new;fjph;fis $l;by; Nrkpj;J itj;J
te;jhH.

xU Kiw Nfhl;Gypehadhh; kd;dd; fl;lisg;gb

gifg;Gyj;jpw;F Nghh; fhuzkhfr; nry;y Ntz;bapUe;jJ. mjdhy;
jk; Rw;wj;jhhplk; new;$l;by; cs;s ney;ypid Kiwahf tUfpd;w
mbahHf;F mKjplg; gad;gLj;JkhW $wp NghUf;Fr; nrd;whh;.
,jid,

“Nte;jNd typw;gifQh; ntk;KidNky;nry;fpd;whh;

ghe;jd;G+ nzdmzpe;jhh; jhf;fKJ gbahf

Ve;jyhh; jhnka;J nksTk;Ntz; LQ;nre;ney;

tha;e;j$ litf;fl;b topf;nfhs;thh; nkhopfpd;whh”

(nghpa Guhz gh- 4139)

“je;jkh;f shapdhh; jkf;nfy;yhe; jdpj;jdpNa

ve;ijahh;f; fKJgbf; Nfw;wpaney; ypit mopf;f

rpe;ijMw; whepidthh; jpUtpiuahf;fyp vd;W

te;jidahy; ciuj;jfd;whh;kd;dtd;khw whh;KidNky;”

(nghpa Guhz gh- 4140)

vd;w ghly;fs; czh;j;Jfpd;wd.

,jd; %yk; md;ig tpijj;J mWtil nra;Ak; mbahiug;

ghHf;f KbfpwJ.

75
fkytjpahhpd; md;G

Nrhoehl;bNy fhtphpf;fiuapNy xU jPh;j;jk; cz;L. mjd;

ngah; re;jpu jPh;j;jk; MFk;. mjd; mUNf mofpa tdk; ,Ue;jJ.
mt;tdj;jpy; xU ntz;zhty; kuj;jbapy; rptypq;fk; xd;W
,Ue;jJ. me;j ypq;fk; xU nts;is ahidapd; fz;fSf;Fg;
Gyg;gl;lJ. me;j nts;isahid jd; Jjpf;ifahy; ePiu Kfh;e;J
rptypq;fj;jpd; Nky; Cw;wp mgpNlfk; nra;Jk; kyh; R+l;bAk;
topgl;L te;jJ. mjdhy;jhd; mg;gjpf;F jpUthizf;fh vd;w
ngaUk; cz;lhapw;W.

me;j tdj;jpNy md;Gk; Qhd czh;Tk; kpFe;j xU

rpye;jpAk; tho;e;J te;jJ. rptypq;fj;jpd;kPJ rUF cjph;tij
mr;rpye;jp fz;lJ. mijj; jLf;Fk; nghUl;L jdJ thahy; tiy
mikj;jJ. G+irnra;a te;j ahid rptypq;fj;jpd; Nky; cs;s
rpye;jp tiyiaf; fz;lJ. mij mErpjk; vd;W epidj;J mijf;
fisj;jJ. mijf;fz;l rpye;jp kWgbAk; tiy mikj;jJ.
ahid kPz;Lk; fisj;jJ. ,t;thW njhlh;e;J epfoNt rpye;jpf;F
ahidNky; Nfhgk; te;J ahidapd; Jjpf;ifapy; GFe;J fbj;jJ.
ahidf; fPNo tpOe;J Jjpf;ifia jiuapy; Nkhjp ,we;jJ.
Jjpf;ifapDs; ,Ue;j rpye;jpAk; ,we;jJ. ,t;tpuz;L caph;fspd;
md;gpidf; fz;L kfpo;e;J ,iwtd; ahidf;F tPLNgw;iw
mspj;jhh;. rpye;jpf;F Nrho Fyj;jpNy nrd;W gpwf;FkhW mUs;
nra;jhh;. ,e;jr; rpye;jpNa kWgpwtpapy; fkytjpf;F kfthfg;
gpwe;jJ.

RgNjtd; vd;w Nrho kd;dd; kfg;Ngwpd;wpj; jd; kidahs;

fkytjpAld; jpy;iy $j;jg; ngUkhd; Nfhapy; nrd;W
Mlty;yhid Ntz;bf; nfhz;lhH. fkytjp ,iwaUshy; kfitg;
ngWk; epiy tha;f;fg; ngw;whH.

Foe;ij gpwf;Fk; jUthapy; fhyk; fzpf;Fk; fzptH

Fwpg;gpl;l ehspy; xU ehopiff; fopj;J kfg;NgW tha;f;fg;
76
ngw;whs;. mk;kfT ngUkhDf;Fg; gy Nfhapy;fs; vOg;gpr; rpwg;Gld;
murhSk; rptdbahh;fSf;F jtwhj mKjspf;Fk; vd;whH. fkytjp
jd;id me;j xU ehopifAk; jiy fPohfj; njhq;ftpl;L kfg;NgW
ngWk; ey;y Neuj;jpy; ,wf;fp tpLkhW Ntz;bdhs;. jd; kfT
ew;Ngw;NwhL gpwf;ff; fkytjp xU ehopif Foe;ijg; Ngw;Wg;
ngUNtjid jhq;fpdhs;. fhyk; jho;eJ
; gpwe;jjhy; Foe;ijapd;
fz;fs; rpte;Jtpl;ld. mijf; fz;l fkytjpahh; nrq;fz;zh
vd;W mioj;jhh;.

“xU ehopif vd;gJ 24 epkplq;fs; 2½ ehopif xU kzp

msthFk;.”11

“xU ehopif vd;gJ 24 epkplq;fs; MFk;. ,J gspq;fpdhhy;

cLf;if Nghd;W xU Gwk; rpW kzy; epiwag; ngw;wJ. ,k;kzy;
Nkw;GwkpUe;J rpWfr; rpWf tpOe;J tpbd; xU ehopif. mk;kzy;
tpOe;j gf;fj;ij kPz;Lk; Nky; Nehf;fp jpUk;g mk;kzy; kWgf;fk;
epiwapd; xU ehopif. ,t;thW jpUg;gp jpUg;gp kzp njhpe;J
nfhz;ldh;.”12

xU jha; jd; kftpd; ey;tho;tpd; kPJ nfhz;l Ngud;gpid

Nkw;fz;l epfo;tpd; top GydhfpwJ. ,jid,

“gpwth njhUeh opif fopj;njd; gps;is gpwf;Fk; ghpnrd;fhy;

cwMHj; njLj;Jj; J}f;Fk; vd cw;w nray;kw; wJKw;wp

mwth zHfs;nrhy; ypafhyk; mizag; gpzptpl;l FUkzpia

,wth njhopths;ngw;nwLj;(J)vd; Nfhr;nrq;fz;zh Ndh vd;whs;.’’

(nghpa Guhz gh- 4212)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

Fwpj;j fhyj;jpy; gpwf;fhky; xU ehopif fopj;J

gpwe;jjpdhy; Foe;ijapd; fz;fs; rpte;J Njhd;wpd. fkytjp
77
‘nrq;fz;zh’ vd;W mioj;jhh;. jd; kfdpd; ed;ikf;fhf xU jha;
jd;idNa Jwe;j Ngud;ig fkytjpaplk; fhz KbfpwJ. NkYk;>

“kq;fyk; vd;g kidkhl;rp kw;W mjd;

ed;fyk; ed;kf;fl; NgW’’13 (Fws; -60)

vd;W ts;StUk; ,f;fUj;jpidNa Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh; NkYk;>

“Njtp Gjy;tHg; ngw;wpwf;fr; nrq;Nfhw; Nrhod; RgNjtd;

Mtp mida mUk;Gjy;td; jd;id tsHj;jq; fzpkFlk;

NkTk; chpik Kbftpj;Jj; jhDk; tpUk;G ngUe;jtj;jpd;

jhtpy; newpiar; nrd;wile;J jiytH rptNyh fQ;rhHe;jhd;’’

(nghpa Guhz gh- 4213)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.

Nfhr;nrq;fl; Nrho ehadhhpd; md;G

rpye;jpahf ,Ue;J jpUMidf;fh ,iwtDf;F njhz;L

nra;J kWgpwg;gpy; Nfhr;nrq;fl; Nrhodhf mtjhpj;jhH.
jpUMidf;fh Nfhapiy ed;F nrg;gdpl;lhH. rptngUkhDf;Fg; gy
Nfhapy;fs; fl;bdhH. Nfhapy;fl;F tUk; rptdbahh;fSf;F mKJk;
nghUSk; mspj;J te;jhh;. jpy;iyf; Nfhapypy; gzp nra;thHf;Fk;
,iwgzpapy; <Lgl;lth;fSf;Fk; gy khspiffs; mikj;Jf;
nfhLj;jhh;.

“rptngUkhdplk; mstw;w md;G nfhz;l ,r;rpye;jp,

rptypq;fj;jpd; kPJ rUFfSk; ,iyfSk; cjpw;tjw;F tUe;jp
tprpj;jpukhf tha; E}yhy; ge;jhpl;L topgl;lJ. mjd; md;G
vj;Jiz tpOkpaJ! Muhtd;Gld; mq;qdk; Ghpe;J kfpo;e;jJ.
mij mErpjk; vd;W fUjpa ahid gyfhYk; mopg;gJfz;L
tUe;jpAk; rpde;Jk; ahidapd; Jk;gpf;iff;Fs; Eioe;J fbj;Jf;

78
nfhd;W jhDk; ,we;jJ. mr;rpye;jp Nrho kd;ddhfg; gpwf;Fk;
ngUk; NgW ngw;wJ.’’14

capHfsplj;jpy; md;G ngUfpajhy; Nfhr;nrq;fl; Nrhod; vd;w

rptj;njhz;lH Njhd;wpdhH. ,U capHfsplj;jpy; (ahid rpye;jp)
md;G tw;wpajhy; kuzk; va;jpd. ,k;ik, kWik cz;L vd;gJk;
,k;ikapy; nra;j tpidf;F Vw;g kW gpwtp mikAk; vd;gJk;
njhpfpwJ. ,jid,

“jpU thHe;j nrk;nghd;dpd; mk;gyj;Nj elQ;nra;Ak;

ngUkhid mbtzq;fpg; Ngud;G jiyrpwg;g

cUfh epd; Wsq;fspg;gj; njhONjj;jp ciwAehs;

tUtha;ik kiwatHf;F khypiffs; gyrikj;jhH’’

(nghpa Guhz gh-4218 )

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd.

jpUePyfz;l ehadhhpd; md;G

jpUePyfz;lh; jpy;iyapy; Ntl;NfhtH (FatH) Fyj;jpy;

Njhd;wpatH. eQ;rdpe;j jpUePy fz;lj;jpd; Nky; gw;Wf; nfhz;ltH.
ngha;ia ePf;fp mwtopapy; tho;e;jth;. rptdbahh;fSf;F md;gh;
njhz;lh;fSf;F tpUg;gj;NjhL mKjspg;gth; cyfk; Nghw;Wk;gb
rpwe;j Kiwapy; ,y;tho;f;if elj;jpdhh;. jdJ kuGf;F Vw;g
kl;ghz;lq;fs; nra;J mij tpw;W tho;f;if elj;jpdhh;.
mJkl;Lkd;wp mbahh;fSf;F mKjspj;Jk; mbahh;fSf;Fj;
Njitahd jpUNthLk; kfpo;r;rpahf mspj;J te;jhh;. ,jid,

“ngha;fbe;J mwj;jpd; tho;thh; Gdy;rilKbahh;f;F md;gh;

nka;mbahh;fl;F MdgzpnrAk; tpUg;gpy; epd;whh;

itafk; Nghw;Wk; nra;if kidmwk; Ghpe;J tho;e;jhh;

79
 irtnka;j; jpUtpd; rhh;Nt nghUs; vdr; rhUk; ePuhh;”

(nghpa Guhz - gh -361)

“msT,yh kugpd; tho;f;if mz;fyk; mKJf;FMf;fp

tsh;,se; jpq;fs; fz;zp kd;Wcshh; mbahh;f;F vd;Wk;

csk;kfpo; rpwg;gpd; ky;f XLmspj;J xOFk; ehspy;

,sik kPJCu ,d;gj; Jiuapy; vspah; Mdhh;.”

(nghpa Guhz -gh -362 )

vd;w ghlybfs;; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd.

jpUePyfz;l ehadhh; ,y;yhis tpLj;J rpw;wpd;gj; Jiwapy;

vspaH MdhH. fw;gpw; rpwe;j mthpd; ,y;yhSf;Fg; guj;ijapd;
njhlHG eQ;rhf cs;sij cWj;jpaJ. jpUePyfz;lH kidtpapd;
rpdk; jzpf;fj; jd; jtiw czHe;J $wpg; nghUj;jUs
Ntz;bdhH. kidtpahH ‘jPz;LtPuhapd; vk;ikj; jpUePyfz;lk;’ vd;W
jPz;lhjthW ,iwtd; Nky; Mizapl;lhH. ‘vk;ik’ vd;W
‘gd;ikapw; $wpdikapd; ve;j khjiuAk; kdj;jhYk; jPz;Nld;’
vd;W jpUePyfz;lH rj;jpak; nra;jhH. ,jid,

“MjpahH ePyfz;lj;J msTjhd; nfhz;l MHtk;

NgjpahJ Miz Nfl;l nghpatH ngaHj;J ePq;fp

VjpyhH Nghy Nehf;fp,vk;ik vd; wjdhy; kw;iw

khjuhH jikAk; vd;jd; kdj;jpYk; jPz;Nld; vd;whH’’

(nghpa Guhz gh. 366)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.

80
 ePyfz;lhpd; kidtpahh; fztHf;Fhpa flikfisr; nra;J
te;jhH. gpwH ghHitf;F fztd; kidtp Nghy; tho;e;jdH.
,UtUk; cz;ikapd; cly; ,d;gj;ij ,sik Kjw;nfhz;L
ngwhky; KJik va;jpdH.

jpUePyfz;lH rptdbahHfSf;F czT cz;z jpUNthL

mspj;Jj; njhz;L nra;J te;jhH. rptngUkhd;, jpUePyfz;lH jk;
kPJ nfhz;l md;ig ntspg;gLj;j KbT nra;jhH. ngUkhd;
NahfpahH tbtpy; mbahH ,y;yk; mile;jhH.

rptNahfpahH jpUNthL xd;iw jpUePyfz;lhplk;

xg;gilj;Jtpl;L gpwF Nfl;Fk; NghJ jUkhW $wpr; nrd;whH.
jpUNthL kiwe;J tpl;lJ. NahfpahH te;J Nfl;l NghJ ‘kiwe;j
khak; mwpNad;’ vd jpUePyfz;lh; $wpdhH. tof;F jpy;iy
%thaputhplk; nrd;wJ. KjpatH tbtpy; te;j ,iwtd;
kd;wj;jhhplk; jpUePyfz;lhpd; kfidg; gpbj;J rj;jpak; nra;J juf;
NfhhpdhH. mbahH kftpy;iy vd;whH. kidtpiaf; fuk; gpbj;Jr;
rj;jpak; nra;a Ntz;bdhH. kidtpiaj; jPz;lhf; fhuzk; gw;wp
midthpd; Kd;ghf jpUePyfz;lh; $wpdhH. gpd;G xU Nfhiy ,U
KidapYk; gpbj;J ePhpy; %o;fpr; rj;jpak; nra;Jj;jur; nrhd;dhH.
ePyfz;lh; jk; kidtpNahL ePhpy; %o;fpdhH. %o;fp vOe;j gpd;dh;
ePyfz;lUk; mth; kidtpAk; rptNahfpahH jk;kplk; jpUNthL
nfhLj;j NghJ ,Ue;j mNj ,sikj; Njhw;wj;ijg; ngw;wdH.
,jid,

“thtpapd; %o;fp VWq; fztUk; kidtp ahUk;

Nktpa %g;G ePq;fp tpUg;GWk; ,sik ngw;Wj;

NjtUk; KdptUk; jhKk; rpwg;nghL nkhopAk; nja;tg;

G+tpd;kh kioapd; kPs %o;Fthh; Nghd;W Njhd;w”

(nghpa Guhz gh 398 )

81
 vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.

ePyfz;lH jd; kidtpahH kPJ nfhz;l md;G, mtH $wpa

rj;jpaj;ijf; fhj;jJ. ,y;ywk; vd;gJ clYwT rk;ke;jg;gl;lJ
kl;Lk; my;y. xUtH kdij xUtH Ghpe;J thOk; md;G tho;T
vdyhk;. XH ,y;yj;jpy; chpikAila kidtpia kdjstpYk;
njhlhJ ,sikf; fhyk; KOtJk; filg;gpbj;jhH vd;W ghHf;fpw
nghOJ jpUePyfz;lH ,iwtd; kPJk; ,y;yhs; kPJk; nfhz;l
md;G Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.

rpWj;njhz;l ehadhhpd; md;G

rpWj;njhz;lh; jpUr;nrq;fhl;lq;Fbapy; khkhj;jpuH Fyj;jpy;

Njhd;wpatH. mtH kidtp ntz;fhl;L eq;ifahH. jtj;jhy;
rPuhsid kfdhfg; ngw;whH.

rpWj;njhz;lH gy;yt kd;ddplk; guQ;Nrhjp vd;Dk; ngahpy;

jsgjpahf ,Ue;j ngUk; tPuH. rptdbahH Kd;G mlq;fp xLq;fp
kpfr; rpwpauha; ,Ug;gjhy; ‘rpWj;njhz;lh;’ vdg; ngw;whH.
rptidAk; mbahiuAk; kwthj rpe;ijahH. mbahHfSf;F mKJ
mspg;gijf; nfhs;ifahff; nfhz;L, njhz;L nra;J tho;e;J
te;jhH. mtH md;ig Efur; rptngUkhd; taput mbahH Ntlk;
G+z;lhH. taputH rpWj;njhz;lH ,y;yk; te;jile;jhH.
rpWj;njhz;lH mbahiu mKJz;z Ntz;bdhH. tlGyj;J taput
mbahH tpUk;GtJ gps;isf;fwp mJTk; Ie;J taJ cilajhAk;,
cWg;Gf;Fiw ,y;yhkYk;> FLk;gj;jpw;F xNu kfdhfTk; ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk; vd;whH. mNjhL gps;isiaj; jha; cte;J gpbj;Jk;
je;ij kfpo;r;rpNahL mhpe;Jk; nra;j Cd; mKNj kpf tpUg;gk;
vd;whH. ,jid,

“ahJk; mhpa jpy;iy,dp <z;l mUspr; nra;Ak; vd

ehjd; jhDk; xUFbf;F ey;y rpWtd; xUkfidj;

82
 jhij mhpaj; jha;gpbf;Fk; nghOjpy; jk;kpy; kdKte;Nj

Vjk; ,d;wp mikj;jfwp ahk;,l; Lz;g(J) vdnkhope;jhH’’

(nghpa Guhz gh -3713)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.

rpWj;njhz;lH kfpo;NthL Vw;W mbfs; mKJnra;a

,ire;jhy; NghJk; vd;whH. kidtpaplk; MNyhridg; ngw;W
ePuhl;b J}a;ik nra;jdh;. ntz;fhl;L eq;if kfd; kPJ ngUfptUk;
Ngud;ghy; Kj;jkpl epidj;jNghJ mbahH cz;Zk; mKJ
J}a;ik Fiwe;JtpLk; vdr; rpWj;njhz;lh; jLj;jhH. taput mbahH
tpUg;gk; Nghy; rpWj;njhz;lh; gps;isapd; jiyiag; gpbj;jhH. jha;
fhiyAk; ifiaAk; gw;wpdhH. ngw;NwhH kfpo;fpd;whH vdr; rPuhsH
rphpj;jhH. jiyf;fwp mKJf;F cjthJ vd epidj;J xJf;fp kw;w
cWg;Gfisg; gf;Ftkha;r; rikj;jdH. mbahiu mKJz;z
mioj;J te;jdH. mbahH vy;yh cWg;GfisAk; rikf;f
tpUk;gpdhH. Kd;ghfNt re;jdj; jhjpahH jiyiaAk; gf;Ftkha;r;
rikj;jpUe;jhH. taput mbahUf;F mKJ gilj;jdH. mbatH
jdpj;J cz;z tpUk;ghJ rpWj;njhz;liuAk; Grpf;f ,ire;jhh;.
rpWj;njhz;lH mbatUf;F czT cz;z NeukhfpwNj vd
tUe;jp cld;gl;lhH. taput mbahH Gjy;tidAk; mKJz;z
miof;FkhW $wpdhH. rpWj;njhz;lH ‘Gjy;td; ,g;NghJ ,q;F
cjthd;’ vd;whH. taputH, kfd; te;jhy; md;wp ahk; cz;Nzhk;
vdf; $wp Gjy;tid tpUk;gp mioj;Jth vd;whH.

rpWj;njhz;lUk; jpUntz;fhl;L eq;ifAk; ‘kfNd! rPuhsh!

thuha;! vd mioj;jdH. ,iwaUshy; rPuhsh; Xb te;jhH.
midtUk; kfpo;e;jdH. ,y;yj;jpDs; taputH ,y;iy,
rpWj;njhz;lH, ntz;fhl;L eq;if, rPuhsH, re;jdj;jhjpaH Mfpa
midtUf;Fk; ,iwtd; tpilNky; fhl;rp je;J mUspdhH. vd;gJ
fUj;J rptdbahh; rPWj;njhz;l ehadhhplk; gps;isf;fwp Nfl;gJk;>

83
rpWnjhz;l ehadhh; clNd jdf;F ,Ue;j xNu Foe;ijapid
rikj;Jf; nfhLg;gJ kdpjj; jd;ikaw;w nrayhFk;. ,Ug;gpDk;
rpWj;njhz;lh; mbahh; Nky; nfhz;l md;G GydhfpwJ. ,jid,

“md;gpd; ntd;w njhz;lutHf;(F) mike;j kidtp ahHike;jH

Kd;G Njhd;Wk; ngUtho;it KOJq; fz;L gutrkha;

vd;Gk; kdKk; fiue;JUf tpOe;jhH vOe;jhH Vj;jpdhh;

gpd;G gukH jFjpapdhw; nghpNah utUf; fUs;GhpthH’’

(nghpa Guhz gh -3748 )

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wd.

rptdbahHfSf;Fg; nghd;idAk; nghUisAk; ngz;izAk;

jd;idAk; nfhLj;Jj; njhz;L nra;j mbatHfs; ,Uf;fpd;wdH.
jd; kfitj; jhNk mhpe;J rptdbahHf;F mKJ gilj;j
rpWj;njhz;lhpd; md;G kpfg; nghpaJ. cyfpy; vtuhYk; nra;a
Kbahj ngUe; njhz;L nra;jtH rpWj;njhz;lh;. ngauhy;
rpWj;njhz;lH MapDk; nra;j njhz;lhy; ngUe;njhz;lH MdhH.
,jid,

“MHnfhz;lhH Nra;f;fwpapl; lhNu rpWj;njhz;lg;

NgHnfhz;lhH Mapby; vk;ngk;khNd – XHnjhz;il

eha;f;Fq; filg;gl;l ehq;fnsd;Nghk; vq;fs;Kil

tha;f;Fq; ,q;fp/NjhH tof;F’’15

(rptNdr ntz;gh-gh 47)

vd;w ghly; tpsf;FfpwJ

,uhkypq;f mbfshH ngUe;njhz;L nra;j mbahiu

rpWj;njhz;lH vd;wNghJ, vj;njhz;Lk; nra;ahJ njhz;lH Nghy;

84
ebf;Fk; ehia tplTk; filg;gl;ltHfsha; ,Ug;gth;fSf;F
vg;ngaH nfhs;tJ vd ,iwtid Ntz;bapUg;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
,jidNa xt;itahUk;>

“jhapw; rpwe;j NjhH NfhapYkpy;iy’’

je;ij nrhy; kpf;f ke;jpukpy;iy’’16

(nfhd;iw Nte;jd; g-43)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.

vd;gJ xsitahH nkhop. ‘jha; vd;w nrhy; ‘Nfhapy;’

Nghd;wJ. ‘jhapd; Md;kh’ Nfhapypy; ciwAk; ‘,iwtd;’ vdyhk;.
capiuj; jUtjhy; (gilg;gjhy;) jha; vd;gH. jpUntz;fhl;L
eq;if rpWj;njhz;lH Nfl;ljw;F ,zq;f <d;nwLj;j kfidf;
fz;nzjpNu mhpe;J mbatUf;F mKJ gilf;f cld;gl;lhH
vd;fpwNghJ jpUntz;fhl;L eq;if rpWj;njhz;lH kPJk;, rptdbahH
kPJk; nfhz;bUe;j Ngud;G Gyg;gLfpwJ. ,jid,

“Iapuz;L jpq;fsha; mq;fnkyhk; nehe;Jngw;Wg;

iganyd;w NghNj ghpe;njLj;Jr; - nra;a ,U

ifg;Gwj;jp Nye;jpf; fdfKiy je;jhis

vg; gpwg;gpy; fhz;Ngd; ,dp?’’17

(gl;bdj;jhh; ghly;fs; g- 392)

vd gl;bdj;jbfSk; jhapd; jpahf cs;sj;ijg;

Nghw;wpapUf;Fk; ghq;F mwpaKbfpwJ.

‘md;idAk; gpjhTk; Kd;dwp nja;tk;’ vd;gJ xsit nkhop.

nja;tkhfpa rpWj;njhz;lUk; jpUntz;fhl;L eq;ifAk;
kfpo;fpd;wdH. vdf; fUjpr; rPuhsH rphpj;jhH vd;Dk; NghJ
ngw;Nwhhplj;jpy; rPuhsH nfhz;bUe;j md;G xspHfpwJ. ,jid,
85
“,dpa koiyf; fpz;fpzpf;fhy; ,uz;Lk; kbapd; Gil,Lf;fpf;

fdptha; ike;jd; ifapuz;Lk; ifahw; gpbf;ff; fhjyDk;

edpeP Ltif AWfpd;whH vd;W kfpo;e;J eif nra;aj;

jdpkh kfidj; jhijahH fUtp nfhz;L jiyahpthh;’’

(nghpa Guhz gh- 3728)

vd;w ghly; cah;j;Jfpd;wJ.

fz;zg;g ehadhhpd; md;G

Me;jpu khepyk; rpj;J}H khtl;lk; =fhyj;jp vd;W ,d;W

toq;fg;gLk; gFjp md;W nghj;jg;gp ehL vd toq;fg;gl;lJ.
me;ehl;by; cs;s cLg;G+H jiytd; ehfd;. mtd; kidtp jj;ij.
,tHfs; KUfg; ngUkhid Ntz;bl ,iwaUshy; jpz;zd;
kfzhfg; gpwe;jhH. td;ikahd Njhs; typikAld; jpz;zd;
tpsq;fpdhH. ehfDf;F KJik va;jNt jpz;zidj; jiytdhf;f
vz;zpf; fd;dp Ntl;ilf;F mDg;gpdhd;. jpz;zDf;Fj; Jizahf
ehzd;, fhld; Nghd;NwhUk; tpy; Ve;jpa tPuHfSk; nrd;wdH.

fhl;Lg; gd;wp xd;W tiyaWj;J XbaJ. neLe;J}uk;

nrd;whYk; jpz;zd; mk;Gf;F ,yf;fhapw;W. nfhiyAz;l
gd;wpiaf; fhld; gf;Ftg;gLj;jpr; Rl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jhd;. ehzd;
fhsj;jp kiyapy; ,Uf;Fk; FLkpj;NjtH gw;wp jpz;zDf;F
$wpdhd;. ,UtUk; FLkpj;NjtH ,Uf;Fk; ,lk; mile;jdH.

jpz;zd; FLkpj;Njtiur; Rw;wpapUe;j rUFfisf; fhyhy;

Rj;jk; nra;jhH. ehzd; FLkpj;NjtUf;Fr; rpthr;rhhpaH G+ir nra;J
tUtijf; $wpdhd;. jpz;zd; nfhba tpyq;Ffs; thOk; fhl;by;
,iwtd; jdpj;jpUg;gij vz;zp tUe;jpdhH. fhld; Rl;L
itj;jpUe;j gd;wp ,iwr;rpiaj; jpz;zd; RitghHj;Jj;

86
Njf;fpiyapy; itj;Jf;nfhz;lhH. R+Lk; G+itf; nfha;J jiyapy;
R+bf;nfhz;L te;J FLkpj;NjtUf;Fg; G+ir nra;jhH.

ePspUs; KOtJk; ngUkhidf; fhj;J epd;whH. Ie;J ehl;fs;

G+ir nra;jhH. rptNfhrhhpahH ,iwr;rpAk; G+Tk; fz;L ,t;thW
nra;jtH ahuhf ,Uf;Fk; vd kdf; ftiyAw;whH. FLkpj;NjtH
rptNfhrhhpahH fdtpy; Njhd;wp ,iwr;rpg; gilj;j jpz;zdpd;
tbtk; ‘ek;ghy; nfhz;l md;G tbtk;. mtdwpTk; eik mwpAk;
mwpT’ mtd; epiy ehis te;J njhpe;Jnfhs; vd;W jpUtha;
kyHe;jhH.

Mwhk; ehs; rptNfhrhhpahH kiwe;jpUe;jhh;. jpz;zd;

FLkpj;NjtH ,Uf;Fk; ,lk; mile;jhH. FLkpj;NjtH fz;zpy;
FUjpf; nfhl;Ltijf; fz;L jpz;zd; kdq; fyq;fp cly;
eLq;fpdhH. FUjp epWj;Jk; gr;rpiyr; rhw;iwf; fz;zpw; gpope;jhH.
FUjp tbtJ epw;ftpy;iy. cw;w Neha; jPHg;gJ CDf;F Cd;
vd;w gonkhop jpz;zg;ghpd; epidtpw;F te;jJ. mk;ghy; jd;
fz;zpidg; ngaHj;J mg;gpdhH. FUjp tbtJ epd;wJ.
kfpo;r;rpahy; Js;spf; Fjpj;J MbdhH. kW fz;zpy; FUjp tbaj;
njhlq;fpaJ. mjw;F rw;Wk; mQ;rhJ ‘kUe;J if fz;Nld;’ vd;W
kdj;jpDs; vz;zpr; nrUg;Gf; fhyhy; FLkpj;NjtH fz;zpd;
Xuj;jpy; milahsj;jpw;F kpjpj;Jf; nfhz;L ,lf;fz;izAk;
mk;ghy; ngaHf;f KaYk; NghJ FLkpj;NjtH jk; ifahy;
jpz;zg;gH ifiag; gw;wp, ‘epy;Y fz;zg;g’ vd;W %d;W Kiwf;
$wp ‘tyg;gf;fk; epw;ghahf’ vd;W jpUtha; kyHe;J mUspdhH.
,jid,

“fz;lgpd; nfl;Nld;! vq;fs; fhsj;jpahHfz; xd;W

Gz;lU FUjp epw;fkw;iwf;fz; FUjp nghq;fp

kz;Lkw; wpjDf; fQ;Nrd; kUe;Jif fz;Nld; ,d;Dk;

87
cz;nlhU fz;; mf fz;iz ,le;(J) mg;gp xopg;Ngd;’’

( nghpa Guhz gh -830)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpwJ.

md;G xd;Wjhd; vy;NyhUk; xd;Wgl;L tho;tjw;Fhpa

topahFk;. ,iwtidj; njhOjhy; md;G ngUFk;. jpz;zg;gH
tpyq;Ffis ,uf;fkpd;wp nfhd;W mtw;wpd; khkprj;ij cz;L
thOk; NtlH Fyj;jpy; gpwe;jpUg;gpDk;, jPq;fpiof;Fk; tpyq;Ffis
kl;Lk; mopj;J gpw capHfisf; fhj;j mthpd; md;G nghpaJ.

capHfisg; gilj;jy;, fhj;jy;, mopj;jy; vd;w Kg;gzp

nra;Ak; ,iwtd; Cdkpd;wp ,Ue;jhy; cyfk; nropf;Fk; vd;w
caHe;j rpe;ijapd; ntspg;ghLjhd; jpz;zg;gH jd; fz;izg;
ngaHj;J mg;gpdhH. cikahSf;F ,lg;gf;fj;ij nfhLj;jJ Nghy;
fz;zg;gUf;F tyg;gf;fj;ij ,iwtd; nfhLj;jhH vd;W ghHf;fpd;w
nghOJ ,iwtd; mbahH kPJ nfhz;l Ngud;G Gyg;gLfpwJ.
,jid,

“fz;zg;gd; xg;gNjhH md;gpd;ik fz;lgpd;

vd;dg;gd; vd;ndhg;gpy; vd;idAk; Ml;nfhz;lUsp

tz;zg; gzpj;;njd;id thntd;w thd;fUizr;

fz;zg; nghd;ePw;ww;Nf nrd;W}jha; Nfhe;Jk;g’P ’18

(jpUf;Nfhj;Jk;gp gjpfk; 218)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

vd khzpf;fthrfH jpUg;ngUe;Jiwapy; ngUkhDf;Ff;

Nfhapy; vOg;gp jpUg;gzp nra;jhH. mj;njhz;ilf; fhl;bYk; jd;
fz;fisg; ngaHj;J ,iwtDf;Fj; jhdk; nra;j fz;zg;ghpd;

88
md;Gj; njhz;bw;F <by;iy vd khzpf;f thrfH $WtjpypUe;J
fz;zg;ghpd; kdpjNeaj;ij mwpaKbfpwJ.

xU kdpjd; kw;nwhU kdpjdplk; ,uf;fk; fhl;LtJ kdpjNeak;.

Mdhy; fz;zg;gNuh mijAk; fle;J Xh; m/wpizg; nghUshd
fy;ypd; kPJ nfhz;l md;ig ehk; vd;dntd;W ciug;gJ ,JNt
cz;ikad;ghFk;.

,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;by; mwptpay; tsHr;rpahy; fz; khw;W

mWitr; rpfpr;ir %yk; ,oe;j ghHitia kPz;Lk; ngwyhk; vd;W
rpe;jpj;j kdpjHfSf;F, topfhl;bahfr; Nrf;fpohH ngUkhd; 12- Mk;
E}w;whz;by; rpe;jpj;Jr; nray;gLj;jpapUg;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

njhFg;Giu

md;G vd;w nrhy;ypy; ‘m’ vd;gJ jkpopd; Kjy; vOj;J ‘d;’

vd;gJ jkpopd; filnaOj;J. Kjy; epiyapy; cs;s capHfSk;
fil epiyapy; cs;s nka;fSk; md;gpdhy; ,izAk; vd;w
fUj;ij mr;nrhy; mikg;Ng czHj;Jk;. md;G nfhz;L njhz;L
nra;j mbahHfspd; rpwg;G cyfpy; jdpj;jdik tha;e;jjhFk;.

tpwy; kpz;lH vd;w mbahH, mbahH topghl;ilr; nra;ahj

Re;juiu xJf;fp itj;jjhy; czHe;j Re;juH mbahHfs; kPJ md;G
nfhz;L jpUj;njhz;lj; njhif ghbAs;shh; vd;gij
mwpaKbfpwJ. rpwg;gpj;jhH. jpy;iy tho; me;jzHfs; rhpia.
fphpia, Nahfk;, Qhdk; vd;Dk; ed;ndwpfspy; epd;W mbahHfs;
kPJ md;G nrYj;jpaij mwpa Kbfpd;wJ.

,aw;gif ehadhH mbahH kPJ md;Gnfhz;L Nfl;l nghUs;

vJthapDk; ,y;iy vdhJ <e;jtuhf tho;e;J te;Js;shh;.
,isahd;Fb khwehadhH mbahh; kPJ md;G nfhz;L jd; grpg;
gpzpiaf; fhl;bYk; mbath;fspd; grpj;Jd;gj;ij nghpjhf

89
epidj;jJk; tpijj;j tpij ney;iy mhpj;J te;J rikj;J
nfhLj;jjd; %yk; mth; mbahh; kPJ nfhz;l md;G Gyg;gLfpwJ.

mkHePjp ehadhH> Vdhjpehj ehadhUk;> nka;g;nghUs;

ehadhUk; ,iwtd; kPJk;> mbahHfs; kPJk; nfhz;l kpifad;ghy;
jq;fis vjpHj;J te;j gifatuhapDk; mtHfs; Jd;GwhJ
fhj;jdH. mbahh;fspd; ,r;nray;ghL gpwhplk; fhl;Lk; Ngud;gpidg;
Gyg;gLj;JfpwJ.

%Hf;f ehadhH, jpUehTf;furH;, Nfhr;nrq;fl; NrhoH ehadhH,

mg;G+jp mbfs; Nghd;Nwhh; rptdbahHfl;F mKjspj;J mth;fspd;
md;gpid ntspg;gLj;jpAs;shh;.

fypf;fk;g ehadhH rptdbahH jpUtb fOtptpl xJq;fp epd;w

kidtpapd; fuj;ij ntl;bdhH. Nfhl;Gyp ehadhH mbahh;fl;F
itj;jpUe;j ney;iyg; gQ;rf;fhyj;jpy; Rw;wj;jpdh; gad;gLj;jpajhu;
Rw;wj;jpiu jz;bj;jhh;. ,jd; %yk; rptdbahh;fspd; kPJ ,th;
nfhz;l md;G Gyg;gLfpwJ.

mg;G+jp mbfs; jhk; mikj;j jz;zPh;g; ge;jy; mwr;rhiy

Mfpatw;wpw;Fj jpUehTf;furhpd; ngaiur; R+l;b mt;tbahhpd;
md;gpidg; ngw;Ws;shh;.

md;G nfhz;Nlhuha; irt mbahh;fs; jpfo;e;jpUe;jdh;.

FLk;gk; kPJ md;G nfhz;l mth;fs; ,iwtd; kPJk; Ngud;G
nfhz;L tpsq;fpaij rptdbahh;fspd; nraNy czh;j;jp epw;fpwJ.
kdpjNdhL nfhz;lcwtpy; $l mbath;fsha; ,Ug;gpDk;
vr;nraiyAk; nra;J mbath;fspd; md;igg; ngwNtz;Lk; vd;w
fUj;ijAk; mbath;fspd; nray;fisf; fhz KbfpwJ.

90
 rhd;nwz; tpsf;fk;

1. Kj;Jf;Fkud; ,uhk, ftpKfpy;. xU ehw;whq;fhy; khjpup- g.36

2. khzpf;fthrfd;.Qh.(c.M) jpU%yh; jpUke;jpuk; gh-2

3. rPdpthrd;.r.(g.M) ghpNkyofh; (c.M)jpUf;Fws; - 350

4. NkyJ - 85

5. NkyJ - 45

6. ,stofd;.Nfh ,yk;G+uzh.(c.M) njhy;fhg;gpa

nghUsjpfhuk;; - gh -538

7. rPdpthrd;.r.(g.M) ghpNkyofh; (c.M)jpUf;Fws; - 33

8. NkyJ - 78

9. ,uhk];thkp ,uhkhD[jhrh; Mh;. ehr;rpahh; jpUg;gjpfk; -4 : 1

10. Rg;ukzpag;gps;[Link]. mg;gH Njthuk; - 63

11. ,uhkypq;fk; muq;f Kidth; jfty; g- 231

12. [Link];nropad; MrptfKk; ma;adhh; tuyhWk; g -192

13. rPdpthrd;.r.>(g.M) ghpNkyofh; (c.M) jpUf;Fws; - 60

14. ,uhkypq;fk;.muq;f jpUj;njhz;lH tuyhW - g.400

15. Rg;gpukzpad;.Nfh rptNdr ntz;gh gh-47

16. XsitahH nfhd;iwNte;jd; jdpg;ghly; jpul;L - g.43

17. khzpf;fthrfd; Qh.(njh.M) rpj;jh; ghly;fs; - g 392

18. Rg;gpukzpag;gps;is jpUthrfk; jpUf;Nfhj;Jk;gp gjpfk; - 218

91