Vv .v arene > a OE sR k CURccm eka ‘happy * rosy * dark + friendly Im Odval and I'm from Mongolia, a country Dresbulary between Russia and China. | often wear a scarf people around the world over my 4) ... hair and | stages of life have 2) cheeks from physical characteristics the cold. Mongolia is very cold, but Mongolians character are warm, 3) peopl families We are always 4) tohave phrasal verbs: BREAK guests. Why don't you vst usin Mongolia? word formation: -ing/ed participles prepositions Reading anarticle about the Hadza (multiple choice, answer questions) * slim * polite + colourful * nomadic I'm Koyati and I'm from the Maasai, a See tribe in Eastern Afica Grammar Our clothes are very 6) present tenses ‘and we like to wear bracelets and necklaces. As time adverbs a people we are tall and 7). comparative & superlative 4 exclamations Weare also hardworking and 8).... plurals Listening a radio interview (multiple choice, note taking) Speaking asking for & expressing ‘pinion/dis)agreement comparing pictures + peaceful * courageous * pale * facial Hi, my name’s Pui-Litan. My people, the Ataya, liv villages in the mountains of Northern Taiwan. Our name means True People’. We have 9)... skin. Our men are great hunters and our women are excellent ‘2 paragraph comparing weavers. In the old days, the Atayal people wore People 10) tattoos. We are brave and 11) an opinion essay people. We ai Writing Language Focus words often confused grammar in focus sentence transformations; cloze text Progress Check Listen and match the descriptions (a-C) “Words of wisdom Sencar pute happiest people don MR ne te have the best of everything: they just make the best of Fema everything.” DR eee ed (Anonymous) Discuss BeesoO a) Check these words in the Word List at the back of the book. Use them to fill in the sentences. ‘sows + Jean * curly + attached ‘= native * gather + crops ‘generous + wander 1. The Hadza people aren't plump: they are 2 They have ... black hair. 3 The Hadza the valley hunting with and arrows, 4 They don't grow for food. 5 Hadzane is their . language. 6 They are people and share everything 7 They . around the fire to eat. 8 They don't become to people and things. b) What do the sentences in Ex. 12 tell us about the Hadza? ©) Why are they the last of the first? Read through to find out. ‘Multiple choice them focuses on attitude or opinion. Ba Read the text. For each question, choose the correct answer A, B, Cor D. 1 What is the writer doing in the text? A. describing the way the Hadza live B_ promoting the hunter-gatherer lifestyle © helping protect the Hadza tribe D recommending a holiday experience 2 What does the writer say about himself? A. He isn't enjoying his visi B He is happy to leam Hadzane. © He is disappointed when nobody says goodbye. D_ He is excited about meeting them. Read the text quickly to get the general idea and the writer's purpose, Read the questions and underline the key words. Read the text carefully to answer the questions. Note that the first question focuses on writer purpose and the last on overall meaning. The other three follow the order of information in the text and one of Se Sa nue raise animals and they don't coum DS ec) DS OU au Jast hunter-gatherer tribe on Earth. ee Oe re ent te ore Pe ee ret ee ee but he is tea and fit. The rest ofthe men ae also sim with shor A ee Cee? eet J& | have come to the Hadza homeland of Tanzania fora few ee a ene ser cre ny Se Se ee ek ee eee ey eee rer ee te eres 3. What does the reader learn about the Hadza from the text? A They are concerned about time. B They move from place to place. © They worry about their food. D They have a fixed daily routine. 4. How does the writer describe the Hadza in paragraph D? ‘A They are responsible. B They are worried about their future. © They respect nature. D They don’t get upset easily, 5 What might the writer say about the Hadza? ‘A They seem happy with the way they live. B Their way of life is not good for them and they need our help. © Their lifestyle is better than the way we live today. D They should have their own land and learn to farm.I> After a successful night hunting baboons, we rretum to the camp. The women have gathered beriies De a er aor ee a the camp as they please and sleep whenever they want. When its ee ee everyone just dives in. Nobody knows when the next meal is as the Hadza don't plan forthe future. They wander the land taking food from en a E> Free from belongings, jobs, money and responsibilities, | cant Pe Us CU a ao kn Pee ee ee ea en Cee ea LR oa ee er ua oC Te Rc lean * fit * curly * hang * skin belt * hunt | ‘native language * homeland + interpreter + niece + extreme | ‘heat * soil * poor * short supply * bug * keep track of time ‘* meaning « live off * nature * provide * hunter-gatherer | ‘+n person * gather * berry * generous * easy-going * dive in possession * free from belongings * responsibilities be better off * worry * attached to » arrival + departure effect + wonder * matter of time * be over i een ea) Rene hoc teu leamt about the Hadza from the text. Rint aoa Te aL aL anitiecia Read the text again and answer the questions. 1 What problems do the Hadza face where they live? 2 Why do you think they don't become attached to people or things? 3 Why is the writer worried about their future? ao a) Match the words in bold to their synonyms: healthy * ask myselt + fairy + itie * leave + gives * fond of collected * go back + things + face-to-face + troubles * thin + native land + finish b) What part of speech is each word: noun? verb? adjective? ‘adverb? a) (SPEAKING) Describe the picture in the text. 1) ITE compare the Hadza people to the people in your county incur) a arranareraecd RU od ee eo sentences describing your experience. RCo u ssVocabulary from the text Bo ‘Choose the correct word. 4 10 The village elder/native plans the day's hunt. He wants to get thrilled/ close to the tribe, Some people find it dtficult to keepfhang track of time. He likes providing/sharing things with is friends, It seems that time has no supply/meaning to Onwas. Other tribes raise sheep and grow crops/animals, They never planfinvite for the future. | want to see the tribe in person/people. The man gathers/picks up his bow and sets off to hunt. The children don't go to school and do as they please/feel Fill in: matter, grow, native, feel, free, raise. language time of time hungry crops animals 8B Choose the correct preposition. 1 The streets are filled offwith People. Coffee is infat short supply as demand rises. In the evenings they often sit infby the fire. They always carry their bows on/with them We need to keep children free offtrom violence. ‘The news has little effect on/ for Kate, Vocabulary Topic vocabulary Stages of life Bo a) Look at the stages of Which one are you in? eer Cer ec CS Ct i te b) In pairs match the activities to the stages of life above. + start a family + crawl * retire * go to schoo! + graduate * learn to read and write * get a part-time job * get married + get a promotion « get a job Apperson normally starts a family in adulthood. Physical characteristics B Complete the table. Use: hair + lips + age + build + eyes + face + height ‘nose * complexion child, young man or woman, in his/her late/early twenties tanned, dark, pale tall, shor, of average height skinny, plump, overweight, thin, slim, athletic, well-built ‘val, round, long full, thin iddle-aged, old, brown, big, small, hazel big, flat, hooked curly, short, straight, long, wavy, bald, frizzy, fair, dark, shoulder-length wrinkles, freckles, glasses, beard, moustache ALLEL Use words from Ex. 5 to describe the people in a; pictures. SPEAKING ) Choose a person in the class and describe him/ her to your partner. Your partner guesses who the person is tall and slim with short curly hair, blue eyes and thin lips.m/ Character Choose the correct adjective. Check in the Word List at the back of the book. Tom behaves properly and sensibly. sy-going/arrogant/responsible 2 Paul doesn’t keep things clean and ‘organised. forgetful/annoying/messy 3. Jane feels uncomfortable with other people. ambitious/sensitive/shy 4 Pam never lis. truthful/open-minded/bold 5 Ann uses her common sense to solve problems. grumpy/sensibleiself-contident 6 John likes being with people. impatient! generous/sociable 7 Bob always embarrasses people with what he says. carefree/rude/brave 8 Mary thinks she is the best, arrogant/frank/ honest ‘9. Pat takes pride in her looks. bossyivainistingy 40. Mark has very good manners. mean/polite! outgoing 41. John enjoys telling people what to do, helpful/bossy/nosey 42 Peter is always nervous or worried. anxious/ noisy/sad Match the adjectives to their opposites. Which adjectives best describe you? CO aie noisy [21] polite b dishonest (3 oererous insecure [aToT hardworking lazy [ST] honest e stingy [éT]sett-contitent trade I'm quiet and polite. 1 can be tazy at times. PAR) Listen to two people talking about their friends. Match the people to the character adjectives. Two adjectives do not match. People character Peter a outgoing A sem b amious uy 4 ite pice ° epoani i f messy [51] Mark oa f bossy Families a) Form pairs. src fathersinsiaw cro BE brother son Pa uncle ad See grandpa nephew b) What do your family members look like? What are they like? Tell the class. My mum's tall and... with .. eyes and .. hair She's very hardworking and .. ©) What is a nuclear family? an extended family? a single-parent family? Phrasal verbs: BREAK ‘Choose the correct partide. Check in Appendix | 1. They broke upfinto last week. (separated) 2. Mike's car often breaks offidown. (stops working) 3. Arguments often break outloff between them. (begin suddenly) 4. Helen broke down/out when she heard the news. (started crying) Word formation (-ing/-ed participles) Read the theory, then choose the correct adjectives. ‘+ We use «ing adjectives to describe what sbisth is like. He's n interesting person. (What is he like?) + We use ed adjectives to describe feelings. He fel frightened. (How does he feel?) Amy gets easily annoyed/annoying He's confused/confusing about her behaviour. She's an amused/amusing person. Sue is very interesting/interested in Maths. ‘The news is shocking/shocked! He's such a boring/bored person, Prepositions a Choose the correct item. Chec 1. You can always count to/on me. 2. Sam disagrees to/with Ben’s opinions. 3. Katy really cares over/about other people. 4 5 Appendix tl John hardly ever pays attention atito what | say. He is indifferent in/to other people's needs10 perfect/Present perfect continuous To: Katie From: Laura Subject: News! Hi Katie, Grammar in use Thanks for your email, Sory | haven't writen back sooner but 1) I'm having a tough time. My cousin, Jane, 2) has just moved into my flat. She's really annoying because 3) she's always borrowing my things without asking, Today 4) I've been cleaning my room all morning and half my things are mising! ‘Anyway, what are your plans for the weekend? | usually 5) go to the cinema on Saturdays with my flatmate Sue. This Saturday 6) we're seeing the new Bond movie. | love Bond movies - 7){"ve seen all of them! Why don’t you come with us? | can get cheap tickets from a friend of mine who 8) works there. it 9) starts at 7 o'clock at The Roxy in the town centre Well, 've got to go now. Sue 10) is calling me for dinner. Let me know if you're coming, Laura a a) Read the email. Is it formal or informal? Give reasons. b) Identify the verb forms (1-10) in bold. Match them to the uses (Ax). [AT] a habitiroutine [HI] an action happening [BL] apermanent state now CEE) a tinetade (TT an emphasis on he Gratin of an action fxod future a ee that started in the past and continues up [EL] a temporary situation the present FI areconty completed (FT) an action that happened action at an unstated time in [5 acomptaint the past a Choose the correct tenses. Justify your choices. 1. A: Chios is graduatingihas graduated next month. : | know. | have just recelved/have just been receiving an invitation for the ceremony. 2 A; Have you been seeing/Have you seen Dan anywhere? B: No, 've been looking/'ve looked for him myself for the last hour. Does Sally lives Sally living in the town centre? Yes, but she looks/is looking for a new place at the moment Hurry up! The bus leaves/is leaving in an hour. You have always rushed/are always rushing me! What has Amy done/is Amy doing this morning? She usually walks/is walking the dog in the park, but this morning she goes/is going shopping What time are you meeting/have you met Alex? We are always meeting/always meet at 6:30 on Wednesdays. A: B: ced Pr Oe Pe Pp see pp. GRI-GRS| Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous. Give reasons for your answers. 1 a Most people (enjoy) going to the cinema. bl 7 (enjoy) this book. I's really good! 2 a Gay... . (appear) in a play this weekend, b He (appear) to be feeling better today. 3a Yes,! (see) what you mean, b Leo (see) Peter tomorrow morning, 4a Sally... (think) of going to Russia bt (notithink) she’s telling the truth, 5 a This lasagna ir (taste) fantastic. Try some b She .. " (taste) the soup to see if it needs more pepper.a What do you do over a typical weekend in your free time? What are you doing this weekend? Use phrases from the box to discuss with your partner. friends, eat out ‘A: What do you usually do in your free time? B: Well, usually... . Sometimes, about you? etc Bh cro te conecrave Have you met David yet/ever? Tom’s so farinever seen his cousins. Matt’s since/just finished eating dinner. I'm watching TY stillright now. Luke has everfalready phoned Liam, Ann's been in Dubai for/since two years. Gy roi act out catoguer a 1 tired ~ clean roomiGust the fire (¥) hoover the carps (/), make my Ded () 1: You look re, Whet have you been dong? B: Iv been cleaning my room fe: What have you done 20 fr? Ive cust te hte ars hoovered the carpets, but haven made my bea Yet 2 excited ~ propare forthe svenvorsr food (2). send the invitations (7), dooaate the house (x) 3 exhausted - do my chores/water flowers (V), mop the floor (/), walk the dog (x) Comparatives & Superlatives sia ome! Steve is the tallest of all the most hardworking of all. [>see pp. GRO-GR4] clean room, hoover carpets, study, 90 to school/college, water flowers, walk the dog, play tennis, go to the cinema, watch TV, play computer games, go to the gym, surf the Net, listen to music, visit your grandparents, hang out with Peter is tall, but John is a bit taller than Peter. Steve is more hitit patient than Peter. Peter isn’t as patient as Steve. John is the least patient of all, but he is Underline the comparative forms and circle the superlative forms in the text below Ex. 6. How do we: compare two people or things? ‘compore more than two people or things? show that two things are the same or not the same? in the comparative or superlative forms. Include of, than or as. 1A: Thanks for helping with the project. Be Iwas canons sn (littl) | could do. 2. A: Darren is by fF nen i (intelligent) person | know, B: That's true. There's no one ... (good) him at Maths! 3 A: Franis abit (patient) Sue. B: Yes, but Sue is much (kind). 4A: The sone (SHOW) WE Walk, He vacnnnnnsnnvonnn (late) we get there. B: I can’t walk much soso (F28t) this! 5 A: Annis... (outgoing) Pat. B: Yes, but Stella is... (easy-going) al Key word transformations Use the words in bold to complete the second sentence, so that it means the same as the first. Use two to five words. 1. Peter is funnier than any other person I've ever met, THE Peter is snsnnnnnre B® @VOF Met. 2 Thelast time | saw Alice was two weeks ago. FOR Us two weeks, 3. Molly is less patient than Kate. AS Molly sis Kate. 4 I've never been to China betore, FIRST It's the sa to China, 5 She started learning Russian two months ago BEEN She ‘two months. Ey re Use the fottowing adjectives/adverbs to compare people in your family: noisy, outgoing, quickly, helpful, serious, slowly, generous, confident, lazy, impatient, polite. Tell your partner. My sistor is the noisiest person in my family! (CWiTTING”) Use your answers in Ex. 10 to write an email to your English-speaking friend about your family. 1112 Multiple choice Preparing for the task Read the questions (1-2) below and then answer the questions a and b. 1 Where is the interview taking place? A inaradiostation Bina hospital € inthe street 2 DrLee thinks everyone A should have lots of friends. B can easily find a best friend. © should have a trustworthy friend. a How many people will be talking? b What is the subject of the discussion? Read the dialogue and answer the questions in Ex. 1. Use the underlined phrases to help you. Presenter: Thank you for giving up @ busy moming at the hospital to come to the tual and talk to me, Doctor Lee. 1's my plasure. The hospital is just up the set actualy, so it's easy to get here Presenter: OK. Now the first question sent in by Jane from Halifax is this: what value do you put on friendship for someone's psychological wel being? [think it has a great deal of importance. You may_have lots of friends but not all friends | ‘are good friends. It is very important for Novus tee everyone to have someone in the lie who they can trust and who they know truly has their best interests at heart - someone who accepts them for who they are and likes ‘everything about them - even their faults. This is nt easly achieved. a a) You will hear part of an interview with fa girl called Lucy Baker who has written a book. Before you listen, check these words/phrases in the Word List. What do you think the book is about? + nuclear family * extended family «live long lives * have company * younger generation » chores to do * cooperation * peace and quiet + complain * close relationships * hurt feelings Read through the questions and underline the key ‘words, They contain information about the situation ‘and what to listen for. Remember that you will hear the answers in the same order as the questions are. Listening skills b) (2 Listen to the interview. For questions 1-5, choose the correct answer A, B or C. 1 How does Lucy describe her family? A noisy B large C funny 2. Lucy says her grandparents A. give her lots of advice. B are very old. © make mistakes. 3 What does Lucy like about family occasions? A. doing chores together B getting together © having lots to do 4 Lucy doesn't like the fact that ‘A no one ever listens to her. B the house is never quiet. © her family talks too much. 5 Lucy found it difficult to A. listen to her family's complaints. B get her family to read the book, © tell the truth about her family. ‘What are the advantages of living in an extended family? What are the disadvantages? «Listen again and make notes, Tell the class. B gin ‘Would you like to be part of an extended family? Why (not)? Tell your partner. Intonation: Exclamations )J B a) Fill in How or What. | How + adjective/adverb. How noisy he is! How quickly he walks! What + (a/an) adjective + countable noun. | What @ nice family! What polite children! | What + adjective + uncountable noun, | What bad weather! annoying! a rude person Ann is! friendly people! fast he talks! great news! b) |,’ Listen and check then repeat. Mind the intonation.Asking for & Expressing opinion/(dis)agreement FB Read the first and the last ‘exchanges. What do you think the dialogue is about? Read through and check. ans Ann: Remember Laura and Paul? They are having a new baby ? boy. Sally: Really? Their daughter must A) cosnssnn OxCHtEG. Ann: Actually she's a bit upset 2) «it. She likes 3). an only child because she gets 4) the attention. Sally: Err in-my opinion i's 5) ssonnenn t0 have siblings. It can be lonely 6)... you've got no one of a similar age to talk 7) or hang out with. Ann: That's correct. On the other hand, when you're an only child, you never have to share your room 8) dass. your things. Sally: Certainly, but the way | see it, that cOUIA 9) ene YOU j spoilt. If you don't learn to j share, you can become sejfish, Don’t you agree ‘Ann: Not really. | think that being | fan only child makes you independent because you got used to doing things by 10) . Sally: Stil, i's nice to have a n brother or sister to share your secrets. Isn't that right? Ann: That's true. Anyway, I'm sure Becky will love her new brother. FY Read again and complete the ‘gaps with these words: when, feel, be, to, all, about, or, being, ‘make, yourself, better, you. Two d words are extra. Speaking skills + Can offer advice to younger generation. ————— a a) ‘.,’ Listen and check. Is it a formal or informal dialogue? Give reasons. 'b) Take roles and read the dialogue aloud. Mind the intonation. Which underlined phrases in the dialogue ask for/express ‘opinions and agree/disagree? Replace them with phrases from the Useful Language box. Enon Core ed ‘+ What's your opinion? + Don't you agree? + Isn't that right? * In my opinion, ... * Ifyou ask me, .. + | (don’tistrongly) believe/think (that) ‘+ What do you think? + The way I see it, + How do you fee! + It'seems to me (that) about ...? oe) agreement * 1 (quite) agree./ That's right. + That's correct./True. + Of course! ene eerie uras ‘= I don't agree./That's not right. + You are wrong there. ‘+ Not, s0./Certainly not. don't think s0,/That isn't true. Certainly, + Of course not /Certainly not. *Icouldn't agree —_|+ No, | don't think so. more. + | believe not. Should grandparents look after their grandchildren? Use phrases from the language box and the ideas below to act out a dialogue similar to the one in Ex. 1. + More trustworthy than other caretakers + Help the parents financially. + May spoil grandchildren. + May lack strength to take care of active children, Comparing pictures Compare the pictures. Use ideas from the dialogue in Ex. 1. While speaking link your ideas. Use: and, too, 05 well, whereas, but, on the other hond, ete. te 7 ) ke The photographs show ... . Photograph A shows ... photograph B shows... . Being an only child whereas On the other hand, having brothers and sisters 1314 Writing An opinion essay (PL Writing Bank 1 p. wet) Rubric analysis Read the rubric, look at the underlined words and answer the questions. D> The number of mothers who work fulltime Is increasing every year. Some people think that ‘women should stay at home with their children, but | strongly feel that being & have had a dass discussion] a working mother is beneficial — about working mothers. Now 2 i Se on [D> To_begin with, going to work means that mothers can provide more | write_an_essav expressing your opinion on the following: Should ‘mothers go to work? Write your essay giving reasons to support your opinion (120-160 words). income for the family. For example, they can buy better food and clothing for ‘their children, As a result, they can ensure the children have what they need. {© Secondly, working mothers are excellent role models for children, For instance, they demonstrate how to take care of children, the house and pursue a career. This sets a good example of how a modem person makes their own choices about their lite. [> onthe other hand, working long hours means that mothers spend a lot 1 What do you have to write? 2. a) What style will you write in formal or informal? of time away from home. Therefore, they may miss out on quality time with b) What characterises this. oe L style? Tick (7) [> In-conclusion, | believe that although it may be dificult to be a working lesteqosartanguage mother, there are ways to balance work and family. Working mothers can help their family financially and become great role models for their and idioms short verb forms (J tonger sentences Cl tormal inking words/phrases 2) Fine the topic sentences in the main body paragraphs Does each introduce a new topic? Which sentences support the topic sentences by giving examples, results, while getting recognition for their work. Model analysis eae Whe inact say. Wich reasons? Which linking words influence the supporting paragraph contains: ata? [TD] writers first viewpoint with ‘examples/reasons/results b) Replace the topic sentences with other appropriate ones. introduction with the writer's opinion ©) Find examples of formal language. [7] writer's second viewpoint with — examplesireasons/results Linking words/phrases 4]_] writer's closing remarks with a oO Replace the underlined words/phrases in the model with fresiergrem ior hirer gona alternatives from the Useful Language box. [EL] opposing viewpoint with examples/reasons/results 7 [Gp Fe the paragraphs and choose the correct inking Topic/Supporting words/phrases. sentences 4) First of all/To sum up, face-to-face communication is more effective than electronic communication. 2) However/For example, when we tak to someone in person, we see their facial expressions and read their body language. 3) Since/As @ result, we can understand their thoughts and feelings better. Tn essays the main body paragraphs should begin with topic sentences, A topic sentence introduces or summarises the main topic of the paragraph and gives the reader an idea of what the paragraph is about. ‘Atopic sentence should be followed by supporting sentences which provide examples, results, reasons and justifications to support the topic sentence. 4) Alternatively/However, other ways of communicating can be more ‘convenient than letters. Electronic communication 8) such as/because emails, tweets and text messages can be sent to anyone at any time. 6)To my mind/In this way, we can get in touch with people almost See OOExpressing opinion Find the phrases the writer uses to express his opi ‘the model in Ex. 2. Replace them with other appropriate cones from the Useful Language box. Bi Use expressions from the Useful Language box to expand the prompts to express an opinion. 1. parents/be/best friends with their children ~ in my opinion, parents should be best iriends with their children. 2. better/children/grow up/countryside 3 eye contactivery importantiin a conversation 4 everyone/neadia close friend writing (Your teacher has asked you to write an essay on the following statement: Itis good to be part of ‘an extended family. Write your essay, giving | your opinion with | reasons to support your point of view (120-160 "9 | words). . | | b) Match the viewpoints (1-3) ‘to the supporting sentences (a-c). with $2 You can help each other [1 You rately feel tonely. with your problems. | ZT] Members can provide support. b_ You may lack privacy, | [37] You may need to share © You can spend your a room. free time together. ©) Use appropriate words/phrases from the Useful Language box to introduce the viewpoints and join them to their supporting sentences. + more cause. Use the plan and your answers from Ex. 8b as well as ‘time. your own ideas to write your essay. almost ~= rome Listing & adding points * Firstly Fist of all... » To start/begin with, .. # Secondly... * Moreover, ‘+ Inaddition/Also, .. * Furthermore, Introducing examples/reasons/results ‘+. such asfike .. # For example/For instance, .. + Therefore, + becausefasisince.., AS result, + By doing this/in this way, Giving opposing viewpoints * Onthe other hand, .. Alternatively, + However, it can be argued that)... + Incontrast,... » In spite of Expressing opinion « I strongly feeVbelieve that + In my opinion, ... « To my mind, . ‘The way Isee it. # It seems to me that. + lagree/l don't agree that... ‘As far as | am concerned, Concluding * Inconclusion, + Tosum up, © Allinall, In summary, Main Body (Para 2) present frst viewpoint with _examples/reasonsiesults (Para'3) present second viewpoint with examplestreasonsresuits | (Para 4) present appasing viewpoint with examplesireasonshrestits Conclusion a (Para) restate your opinion using different words | Checklist When you finish your piece of writing ‘check it forthe folowing + Have you used correct grammar, punctuation & spelling? + Have you used formal style? ‘+ Have you stated your opinion in the introduction & conclusion? ‘+ Does each main body paragraph start with atopic sentence? ‘+ Have you used appropriate linking words? ‘+ Isyour essay the correct length? ‘cuuCulture 1 p. C1 15:—~—Knowledge 16 = Language Sentence transformations Preparing for the task a) Read the complete sentence, then the gapped one. What grammar structure does the second sentence test? Travelling by train is cheaper than travelling by plane. Travelling by train costs travelling by plane. ove than b) Choose the answer that best completes the gapped sentence. A little B more C less D_ most Siena Read the complete sentence, then the gapped one. Identify the grammar structure the second sentence asks for. This will help you complete the gapped sentence so that it means the same as the first one B For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use no more than three words. 1. Each room has about twenty people. I @ACH FOOM nese about twenty people. 2 This camera isn't expensive to buy. This camera doesn't cost to buy. 3. Peter is taller than James. James isn't as . ‘4 Everyone in our family has got blue eyes, Peter. In our family, all of us. blue eyes, 5 He likes doing things by himselt He likes doing things 7 own, 6 She likes travelling, and her friend likes it, too. She likes travelling and s0 .. : her friend, 7 She has visited more places than her cousin. Her cousin hasn't visited as she has. 8 They lik berries better than bananas. They « berries to bananas. 9. The village is near the river. The village is to the river. 10 Paul has never seen a baboon before This is the .. Paul has seen a baboon Here are some sentences about John. For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first, Use no more than three words. 1 My friend John has got an expensive camera. BY saoeac son IS Very expensive, 2. Everyone in his family likes his photos. In his family, all of them his photos. 3 His studio isn’t far from his house. Hig HOUSE IS ..rnnnneneesren 10 his studio. 4 There are two windows in the room. The room two windows. 5 He makes more money than me. Imake .. fe money than him. Here are some sentences about Sandra. For ‘each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use no more than three words. 4. Sandra likes working with others more than on her own, Sandra... a working with others to working on her own. 2 She is the most polite person in the office. No one in the office is as .. she is. 3. Sandra hasn't got any brothers or sisters in her family. In her family os any brothers or sisters. 4 Tennis is her favourite sport. She likes tennis any other sport 5. Sandra's favourite person is her aunt. Sandra likes her aunt any other person. Word formation Complete each sentence with a word derived from the words in bold. Check in your dictionary. 1 You can always depend on Sue. She's i (RELY) 2 He's always telling others what to do; he’s .. (BOSS) 3 Young children tend to be (NOISE) 4 She never remembers where her things are; she's so . (FORGET) 5 He's got short hair. (WAVE) 6 He can get easily enn « (BORE)Grammar a Choose the item that best completes each sentence, 1. Every week, the men leave the village for food A have hunted © hunt B tohunt D hunting 2 This land is wild; no farmer has ever ‘orops on it. ‘A growing B grow © grows Drown 3 The photographer spent a week the forest. A to wander © wandering B to wandering D wander 4 It's only the first time | . him behave like this, A sees © see B have seen D am seeing 5 They wood for the fire since morning. ‘A have gathered © have been gathering B gather D are gathering $ The train for the airport at six o'clock in the morning, A has left © has been leaving B Is leaving D leaves 7 They to the meeting tomorrow. A have been coming ¢ come B have come D are coming $B JonM IS soc tall and slim. A much © quite B far D enough 2 Ihave . Canada and Mexico, but this is my first time in the United States, ‘A gone in B goneto © beento D been in FO. She .nrnee OM that project for the last two days. A has working © is working B hasbeen working D_works ‘t1 What to wear to dinner is of my worries. A litle B less € theleast D lesser %2 These things take time; you must learn to be patient. A more B most © much D many 43. Many tribes are better things than so-called civilized people. A in sharing © tohave shared B that are sharing Dat sharing Language Vocabulary Choose the item that best completes each sentence. 1 Torun a mile in under four minutes, you have to be very indeed. Aft, B lean © strong ight 2 Polish is his native... ‘A mouth B speech © language D talk 3. He's been losing weight this year. He's in much better. A form B size © dimension D shape 4 He's atraid of moves to his new house. his friends when he A forgetting © missing B leaving D losing 5 The man the police are looking for is in his «thirties. A recent B late © last D past 6 Doing the housework and looking after four children leaves her with very little time. A empty B loose ¢ open tree 7 Janot fools about going to college A nervous © disappointed B angry D bored 8 Don't let your build up. Talk to someone about them. A trouble B worries C pains 9 He is very calm. He shows very little ‘even when people are rude to him. ‘A reaction B answer © response D reply 10 Looking up at the night sky, 1 often ccs if there's any intelligent life out there. ‘A wonder B worry question 11 He likes to his free time exercising, reading, or playing the piano, D fears D think A pass B waste © spend fill 12. Being an orphan, Anna has a ... relationship with her grandmother. A close B near © dear D next 13 We shouldn't hide what we really think, We must ourselves freely A state © express, B communicate D show 14 They aren't twins, but they very similar! A look B see C grow view 15. My brother and | always on well A come B hold C keep —D_gat 1718 etre Focus Oo Complete the sentences with the words in the lists. Check in the Word List at the back of the book. * thin « slender = slim 11 Thanks to a good diet and lots of exercise, athletes are normally... and muscular. 2 People who come from cold lands are normally short and stocky, while people from deserts are tall and ci 3 Female ballet dancers usually have long ee necks: = well-built + plump » overweight 4 Georgia is slightly on 80 SHE is going on a diet 5 She's got arms so she avoids wearing sleeveless tops. 6 John is tall and ... Match the opposites. 1_] beautiful a careless J calm b rude brave © sad careful 4 strong [5] cheerful @ arrogant 6|_] noisy 1 dull [7[_] polite 9 cowardly [EL teeble fi ani 3 |_| modest 1 quiet 10] _] interesting J ugly For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use no more than three words. 1. This bracelet is cheaper than that one. This bracelet costs ..... than that one 2. There are five floors in this building This building .... five floors. 3 Mark has never had his own house before. This is the .... that Mark has had his own house 4 Mary uses her camera for taking photos of hr friends. Mary uses her camera take photos of her friends. 5 Ann's necklace is very similar to Helen's. ‘Ann's necklace is almost the same Holen's. Choose the correct words. Then put the words in brackets into the plural form. Which nouns are irregular? | ED the Sami ot Laplane ‘The Sami 1) people/persons of northern Finland and Nonway 22) manage/succeed to survive in 3) some/any of the coldest erwironments in the 4) planet/World, — §) vm (Temperature) can be 25 6)low/small as -30°C! They move any 7) sv-nsn (ilometre) every year 8) across/above | the frozen land, to find food for their reindeer 9) enene (herd). 10) Living/Staying ina frozen lan they rly on reindeer for food, clothing and houses. They 11) make/do their own tents and clothes from reindeer skin and use rendeers or dogs to | 12) pull/push their sleds. While the 13) (man) are ‘out 14) taking/looking care of the reindeer and keeping 15) (wolf) away, the 16) are busy doing everything else, They chop wood, cook fod, build their tents and make dlothes, Sami life is ony for 17) them/those 4 who are wiling to work, PM Complete the gaps with the correct words. ‘Then put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense. Women in Charge The men of the Mosuo tribe in China may have the physical strength, but i's the Mosuo women 1)... have all the power. That's because the Mosuo is one 2) suman the last Societies in which everything is run 3) vsnnennn the women. While the men farm the land, the women, in their role 4) head of the house, make 5) . ‘of the decisions for the extended family. The children take 6) mothers sutname and the eldest female ofthe house 1. (supervise) the money and everyone's jobs. After years of 8). (live) in a remote village 9)... away from the modem world, though, the Mosuo 10) (experience) massive changes. Their lifestyle 11). i (attract) a lot of attention reoently and they 12) ronennnsnne(B@COME) 2 Popular tourist attraction,Reading Read the text and choose the correct answer A, B, Cor D for questions 1-5. What is the writer doing in this text? A describing a tribe's habitat B explaining a tribe's traditions © giving information about a tribe detailing why the Inuit have survived What do we learn about the Inuit from the text? A their lifestyle and customs & how they spend their free time © how they build their houses D what makes them special How does the writer describe the Inuit? A They are good fighters. B They are peaceful © They are artistic. D They offen argue. What is NOT true about the Inuit? A They are happy people. 5 They respect their traditions. © They live together peacefully. D They cannot survive in the cold Which title best summarises the text? Hunting for seals and polar bears 5 The people of the North c_ The history of people D_ Living in the wild (5x4=20) Listening B + Listen to a discussion about what makes a good friend. For questions 1-5 decide if the sentences are T (true) or F (false). 1 Dr Porrit says friendships are strongest at school. 2 Jane thinks that good friends listen without criticising, 3. Dr Porrit thinks disagreeing can be useful in a friendship. 4 Abbie says that friends with a sense of humour never argue. 5 Dr Porrit prefers friends that do not laugh very often (6x2=10) a ake hoe (erate: nega Do you think you could live in a world with cold weather, dangerous animals and litle daylight? Well, the Inuit have done so for thousands of years. Let's take a look at how they live their lives, ‘Where do they live? ‘The Inuit live in the frozen north of Canada, Russia and Alaska. In winter, temperatures can be as low as -50°C so i's very difficult for plants to grow. Even in summer it rarely gets above zero. The Inuit people have been living in extreme conditions for centuries, spending their enti lives on the snow that blankets the Arctic ‘What do they look like? ‘The Inuit are short and welHbuit with elmond-shaped eyes and straight black hair. They wear large, thick coats with big, fur-lined hoods called ‘parkas’ to keep warm during the cold winters. They also wear big boots and fury gloves to protect their hands and feet The Inuit are a cheerful and friendly people who believe in sharing everything they have with others. Because they lve in small groups they value harmony and frown on arguments and fighting How do they live? Inuit men are hunters and they spend their days out on the ice looking for whales, seals and even polar bears to catch and bring bback home. In winter they cut holes in the ice and go ice fishing, On winter hunting trips they live in temporary, dome-shaped houses called ‘igloos’ made from blocks of snow. They use dogsleds and snowmobiles to travel the frozen Arctic. Women can also go hunting, but most choose to stay at home and sew, cook, build tents and bring up the children. In order to make the most of the sunlight and warmth the Inuit go to bed very early and get up at 5 am to start their working day. What are their traditions? __ The Inuits keep their history alive through a tradition of storytelling The elders teach their children about their history with mythical |) stories and legends. A popular tradition isthe ‘drum dance’ held at births, weddings and funerals. The whole community gets together ‘and performs songs and dances to the beat of a massive drum.20 Progress ao hec Speaking a Choose the correct response. 1 A: Don't you agree? B: a Sometimes | have b Yes, that's a good point. 2 A: She never puts her things away. B: a Howannoying! b | strongly believe that! 3. A: What's your opinion? B: a Ifyouthink so. b I couldn't agree more, 4A: What do you think? B: a About all sorts of things. b That's not right. (4x208) Vocabulary B Fill in: wrinkles, early, reliable, sensitive, curly, track, grumpy, elder, bossy, impatient. 1. Don't count on Jack; he isn't 2. Sue's got short 3. Old people often have on their faces, hai. 4 Harry gets upset very easily; he's ... ‘ BMY cwrnnnennennen Sister has got blue eyes. 6 He likes telling people what to do; he's 7 denny ereally when sho hasn't slept well B Tom's mM HS soscseeerstneesne tities. 9 Jack's $0 ear ones he can't even wait for a bus! 10 Jane can't keep .. of time. Grammar (10x1=10) Choose the correct item. 1 Anthony works/is working in a local café every weekend, 2. Tammy has yet/already left 3 The fashion show Is starting/starts at 8 o'clock tonight. 4 He's more patient thanvtrom his brother. 5 Is Sarah coming/Does Sarah come tonight? 6 John appears/is appearing to be a really kind person. 7 What's wrong with Brian? He is looking/ looks upset! 8 He's the funnierftunniest person in my family 9 Mark is thinkingMthinks of buying anew suit 10. He has worked/has been working all morning and feels tired now. (10x2=20) For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use no more than three words. 41 Ted is much shorter than John, MORN ISN'T AB rnerrrernnene Ted. 2 Ann’s favourite possession is her camera. ‘Ann likes her camera any of her possessions. 3. Noone else in our class is as noisy as John. John is in our class. 4. Georgia's scart is very similar to Sue's. Georgia's scarf is almost the same . . Sue's. 5 Her house is close to work. Her house isn't too work. (8x2=10) OB Choose the correct item. 1 Jane is a bit jealous with/of Josie's clothes! 2 Sam's car has broken down/up! 3. | get on well with my sister because we have a lot with/in common. 4 Sadly, some married couples break up/down. 5 Harry is very patient with/of his litle brother, Alex. (5x1=5) Writing 8 Read the rubric, then write your essay. eas teacher has asked you to write an essay giving your opinion on the following statement: Good friends are important. ‘Write your essay, aiving examples/reasons | for your viewpoints (120-160 words) (17 marks) (Total=100) Pte eS describe people's appearance and character express opinion, agreement & disagreement politely compare people write a personal letter write an opinion essay