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Addressing High School Math Decline

Q: In what circumstances should one avoid using a scatter diagram for predictions, and why?

One should avoid using a scatter diagram for predictions when the data is outside the range or pattern originally plotted, as this leads to extrapolation rather than interpolation. For instance, if predicting a student’s test score for an unreasonably low value not represented in the data, it could result in inaccurate estimates beyond the valid scope of the dataset .

Q: How is the mean age of a set of cars calculated from a given dataset?

To calculate the mean age of a set of cars, sum all the individual ages of the cars and then divide by the total number of cars. For example, given the ages of 10 cars, one would sum these ages and then divide by 10 to find the mean .

Q: Describe how you would calculate the probability of a student's Test 2 score being higher than Test 1 from a dataset.

To calculate the probability of a student's Test 2 score being higher than their Test 1 score, count the number of students meeting this criterion and divide by the total number of students. If out of 10 students, 6 scored higher on Test 2, the probability would be 6/10 or 0.6 .

Q: What is the rationale for selecting a specific size of fruit juice bottle based on value?

To determine which fruit juice bottle size offers the best value, calculate the price per liter for each option and choose the one with the lowest cost. For instance, dividing the price by the volume for each size (0.9L at $2.40, 1.25L at $3.15, 1.35L at $3.50) reveals the lowest cost per liter, indicating the best value for money .

Q: How can one determine the modal year from a frequency table of car sales?

The modal year in a frequency table of car sales is the year with the highest frequency of cars sold. For example, if the year 2010 has the highest frequency with 14 cars sold, then 2010 is the modal year .

Q: Explain how bar charts can be used to compare the frequency of different categories, using a specific example.

Bar charts are useful for comparing the frequency of different categories by visually representing data. Each bar's height reflects the frequency of a category. In the example of favorite fruit juices, a bar chart can display multiple fruits with bars of varying heights corresponding to the number of preferences for each fruit, making it easy to compare which is most or least popular .

Q: What factors determine the least favorite option in a pie chart, and how is this identified?

The least favorite option in a pie chart is indicated by the smallest sector, as it represents the lowest proportion of the whole. For example, if a pie chart presents favorite colors and yellow occupies the smallest area, yellow is the least favorite .

Q: What type of correlation is typically displayed when analyzing the prices of houses based on their distance from the city center?

The scatter diagram showing the prices of houses against their distance from the city center typically displays a negative correlation. This means as the distance from the city center increases, the price of houses tends to decrease, reflecting that properties closer to the city are generally more expensive .

Q: How does one determine the size of the fraction representing apple juice in a mixture, given its volume in milliliters and the total volume of the mixture?

To determine the fraction representing apple juice in a mixture, divide the volume of apple juice by the total volume of the mixture. If the apple juice is 550 milliliters in a 1-liter drink, the fraction would be 550/1000, which simplifies to 11/20 when reduced to its simplest form .

Q: What is the importance of a line of best fit on a scatter diagram, and how can it be used to make predictions?

A line of best fit is crucial in a scatter diagram as it summarizes the relationship between two variables, aiding in understanding their correlation. This line can be used to predict values by extending it beyond the current data points. For example, if estimating a house's price based on its distance from the city, the line can show expected prices at various distances .

The document provides a question paper for a math exam on statistics topics including histograms, bar charts, and scatter diagrams. It contains multiple choice and written response questions testing concepts like correlation, line of best fit, mean, ratio and percent calculation.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

31 views18 pages

Addressing High School Math Decline

Uploaded by

Linh Nguyễn

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E9.2 Histograms, Bar Charts,

Pictograms, Scatter Diagrams &
Frequency Distributions
Question Paper

Level IGCSE
Subject Maths (0580)
Exam Board Cambridge International Examinations (CIE)
Level Core
Topic E9. Statistics
Sub-Topic E9.2 Histograms, Bar Charts, Pictograms, Scatter
Diagrams & Frequency Distributions
Booklet Question Paper

Time Allowed: 68 minutes

Score: /57

Percentage: /100

Grade Boundaries:

A* A B C D E U

>85% 75% 60% 45% 35% 25% <25%

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7

1 The scatter diagram shows the prices of houses for sale and their distances from the city centre.

600

550

500

450

400
Price of house
(thousands of 350
dollars)
300

250

200

150

100
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Distance from the city centre (km)

(a) What type of correlation is shown in this scatter diagram?

................................................... [1]

(b) Brad wants to live as close to the city centre as possible.

He has a maximum of $500 000 to spend on one of these houses.

How close to the city centre can he live?

............................................ km [1]

(ii) Estimate the price of a house that is 14 km from the city centre.

$ ................................................... [1]
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2 (a) A group of 20 children were asked to choose their favourite type of fruit juice.
The results are listed below.

Orange Apple Apple Pineapple Mango

Tropical Orange Mango Apple Mango
Pineapple Apple Apple Mango Orange
Apple Mango Pineapple Orange Apple

(i) Complete the frequency table for the results.

You may use the tally column to help you.

Type of juice Tally Frequency

Orange

Apple

Pineapple

Mango

Tropical

[2]

(ii) Draw a bar chart to show these results.

Remember to mark the scale on the frequency axis.

Frequency

Orange Apple Pineapple Mango Tropical

[3]
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(iii) Sarah has a pack of 20 cartons of juice.

5 are orange, 5 are apple, 5 are pineapple and 5 are mango.
She would like to give each child their favourite type of juice.

How many children will not get their favourite type of juice?

.................................................. [1]

(b) One litre of a mixed fruit drink contains 550 millilitres of apple juice.

Write down the fraction of the drink that is apple juice.

Give your answer in its simplest form.

.................................................. [2]

(c) Amir wants to buy a bottle of fruit juice.

There are three sizes of bottle.

0.9 litres 1.25 litres 1.35 litres

$2.40 $3.15 $3.50

Work out which size of bottle gives the best value.

Show how you decide.

.................................................. [3]

(d) The amount of juice in a glass, j millilitres, is 150 millilitres correct to the nearest 10 millilitres.

Complete this statement about the value of j.

........................ G j 1 ........................ [2]

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3 (a) The table shows the age and the total distance travelled for 10 cars.

Car A B C D E F G H I J
Age (years) 5 9 12 3 7 4 10 11 5 9
Total distance (thousand km) 86 126 156 48 148 60 70 150 105 138

(i) Find the mean age of the cars.

........................................ years [2]

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(ii) Complete the scatter diagram.

The first six points have been plotted for you.

160

140

120

100

Total distance
(thousand km) 80

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Age (years)
[2]
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(iii) What type of correlation does the scatter diagram show?

.................................................. [1]

(iv) Draw the line of best fit on the scatter diagram. [1]

(v) Use your line of best fit to estimate the total distance travelled by a car that is 6 years old.

............................ thousand km [1]

(vi) Car G travelled less than the average number of kilometres per year.

Explain how you know this from your scatter diagram.

..................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Juan is a car salesman.

(i) Last year, Juan sold 75 small cars, 45 medium cars and 30 large cars.

Find the ratio small cars : medium cars : large cars in its simplest form.

................ : ................ : ................ [2]

(ii) Ana wants to buy a car with a price of $2550.

Juan reduces the price by 12%.

Calculate the amount Ana pays for this car.

$ .................................................. [2]
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(iii) Juan advertises a car for sale.

Plan A Cash price $4500

Plan B 15% of the cash price

plus 36 monthly payments of $120

Work out how much more it costs to buy the car using Plan B than using Plan A.

$ .................................................. [3]

4 A garage sells second-hand cars.

The table shows the number of cars sold and the year they were made.

Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Frequency 14 13 4 8 0 11

(a) Complete the bar chart to show this information.

Frequency 8

0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Year
[2]
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(b) For these cars, write down the modal year.

.................................................. [1]

(c) The garage sold 6 cars last week.

The selling prices, in dollars, are listed below.

920 1070 3100 2240 2650 1840

(i) Work out the range.

$ .................................................. [1]

(ii) Work out the median.

$ .................................................. [2]

(iii) Calculate the mean.

$ .................................................. [2]
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5 Some children were asked to choose their favourite type of pet.

The pie chart shows the results.

Fish

Hamster

Cat 123°

Rabbit

(a) 41 children chose Cat.

Work out how many children were asked altogether.

................................................... [2]

(b) Work out how many children chose Hamster.

................................................... [2]
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6 Ten students each take two French tests.

Their marks are recorded in the table below.

Student A B C D E F G H I J
Test 1 65 34 95 31 88 48 38 80 100 57
Test 2 59 32 90 29 93 51 37 72 92 54

(a) One of the ten students is chosen at random.

Find the probability that their mark on Test 2 is higher than their mark on Test 1.

.................................................. [1]

(b) (i) Complete the scatter diagram.

The first six points have been plotted for you.

100

Test 2 50

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Test 1
[2]
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(ii) What type of correlation is shown on the scatter diagram?

.................................................. [1]

(iii) On the grid, draw the line of best fit. [1]

(iv) Another student scored 45 marks on Test 2.

Use your line of best fit to estimate the mark for this student on Test 1.

.................................................. [1]

(v) A different student scored 10 marks on Test 1.

Explain why you should not use your scatter diagram to estimate their mark on Test 2.

...................................................................................................................................................... [1]
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7 All the children in a school are asked to choose their favourite colour.
The pie chart shows the results.

Green
Red

Blue

Yellow

(a) Write down the least favourite colour chosen.

Answer(a) ................................................ [1]

(b) 27 children choose yellow as their favourite colour.

Work out the total number of children in the school.

Answer(b) ................................................ [3]

Answer(c) ............................................ % [2]

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E9.3
Mean/Median/Mode/Range
Question Paper

Level IGCSE
Subject Maths (0580)
Exam Board Cambridge International Examinations (CIE)
Level Core
Topic E9. Statistics
Sub-Topic E9.3 Mean/Median/Mode/Range
Booklet Question Paper

Time Allowed: 10 minutes

Score: /8

Percentage: /100

Grade Boundaries:

A* A B C D E U

>85% 75% 60% 45% 35% 25% <25%

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1 The table shows the temperature each night for a week.

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

–3 °C 1 °C – 4 °C –2 °C 5 °C 3 °C –1 °C

(a) Which night was the coldest?

.................................................. [1]

(b) Find the difference between the temperature on Monday night and the temperature on Tuesday night.

..............................................°C [1]

(c) Find the range.

..............................................°C [1]

(d) Find the median.

..............................................°C [1]
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2 7, 1, 2, 5, 2, 8, 6

For the numbers in the list, write down ................................................... [1]

(a) the range,

................................................... [1]

(b) the mode,

(c) the median.

................................................... [2]
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E9.6 Correlation
Question Paper

Level IGCSE
Subject Maths (0580)
Exam Board Cambridge International Examinations (CIE)
Level Core
Topic E9. Statistics
Sub-Topic E9.6 Correlation
Booklet Question Paper

Time Allowed: 4 minutes

Score: /3

Percentage: /100

Grade Boundaries:

A* A B C D E U

>85% 75% 60% 45% 35% 25% <25%

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What type of correlation is shown by the scatter diagram?

.................................................. [1]

2 The scatter diagram shows the number of sun hats and ice creams sold by a shop each day for two weeks.

30
Number of
ice creams 20
sold
10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Number of sun hats sold

(a) Write down the type of correlation shown by the diagram.

Answer(a) ................................................ [1]

(b) Describe the relationship between the number of sun hats sold and the number of ice creams sold.

Answer(b) ...........................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................. [1]

Common questions