EXAMINE THE

GIVEN SUBJECT FOR

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Examine the palpebral conjunctiva for pallor on both sides simultaneously (1)

Ask the subject to put out his tongue and look for pallor (1)

Examine the nail beds and palmar creases for pallor (1)

Inference (1)
 LOOK FOR
PEDAL EDEMA
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
LOOK FOR PEDAL EDEMA IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Expose the lower leg and apply firm pressure with the thumb for about 30
secsjust above the medial malleolus (1)

Look for dimple once the finger is removed (1)

Repeat the procedure on the opposite side (1)

Inference (1)
 LOOK FOR
CYANOSIS
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
LOOK FOR CYANOSIS IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Look for bluish discolouration of the skin and mucous membrane in lips,
tongue, palate, conjunctiva, tips of nose, tips of ear lobules and extremities (3)

Inference (1)
 LOOK FOR
CLUBBING
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
LOOK FOR CLUBBING IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Look for nail bed fluctuation and curving of nails (1)

Look for diamond shaped space while fingers of both hands are held together
with their nails facing each other (1)

Repeat the procedure on the opposite side (1)

Inference (1)
 LOOK FOR
ICTERUS
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
LOOK FOR ICTERUS IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Examine the subject in good day light (1)

Look for yellowish discolouration of bulbar conjunctiva, skin, nail bed

Inference (1)
 EXAMINE THE
TRACHEAL POSITION
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
EXAMINE THE TRACHEAL POSITION IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Stand in front of the subject and instruct the subject to look straight. Keep
theindex & ring fingers over the medial ends of the clavicles (1)

With the tip of the middle finger trace down the trachea (1)

Gently insinuate the middle finger between trachea & sternomastoid

Inference (1)
 PERCUSS THE
AXILLARY REGION
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
PERCUSS THE AXILLARY REGION IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Ask the subject to keep his hands up on to his head. Apply pleximeter finger
firmly over the intercostal space (1)

Movement should be delivered from the wrist (1)

Percuss corresponding regions on the other side (1)

Inference (1)
 PERCUSS THE
INTER-SCAPULAR REGION
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
PERCUSSION THE INTER-SCAPULAR REGION IN THE GIVEN
SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Ask the subject to cross his arms in front of his chest. Apply pleximeter finger
firmly over the inter-scapular region (1)

Movement should be delivered from the wrist (1)

Percuss corresponding regions on the other side (1)

Inference (1)
DO THE VOCAL FREMITUS
IN POSTERIOR LUNG FIELDS
OF THE GIVEN SUBJECT
DO THE VOCAL FREMITUS IN POSTERIOR LUNG FIELDS OF THE
GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Ask the subject to repeat the word ONE or NINTY NINE in a clear voice (1)

VF is done by placing the ulnar aspect of the hand on the in all

Do VF in the corresponding regions on the other side (1)

Inference (1)
DO THE VOCAL RESONANCE
IN ANTERIOR LUNG FIELDS
OF THE GIVEN SUBJECT
DO THE VOCAL RESONANCE IN ANTERIOR LUNG FIELDS OF THE
GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Ask the subject to repeat the word ONE or NINTY NINE in a clear voice (1)

VR is done by placing the diaphragm of stethoscope in all intercostal space

Do VR in the corresponding regions on the other side (1)

Inference (1)
 EXAMINE THE
RADIAL PULSE
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
EXAMINE THE RADIAL PULSE IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Stand on the right side of the subject and hold the right hand of the subject in a
semi prone and wrist in a slightly flexed position (1)

Using index, middle and ring fingers, palpate the radial artery over the head of
radius (1)

Count the pulse for one full minute & Examine the pulse on the other side (1)

Inference (1)
 EXAMINATION OF
JUGULAR VENOUS PRESSURE
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
EXAMINATION OF JUGULAR VENOUS PRESSURE IN THE GIVEN
SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Position the patient reclining at 45 degree with head turned to left side (1)

Stands on the right side of the subject to looks at the posterior triangle of
neckfor visible internal jugular pulsation (2)

Inference (1)
 LOCATE THE
APICAL IMPULSE
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
LOCATE THE APICAL IMPULSE IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject and expose the precordium (1)

Inspect the precordium for apical impulse (1)

Palpate the precordium first with palm and then with ulnar border of hand
tolocate the apical impulse (1)

Place the index finger on the apical impulse and using the other hand count the
intercostal spaces with reference to sternal angle (1)

Inference (1)
 DO AUSCULTATION OF
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
DO AUSCULTATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN THE
GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Check the diaphragm of the stethoscope (1)

Auscultate in all 4 areas (1)

Palpate Carotid artery with thumb to distinguish 1st & 2nd heart sounds (1)

Inference (1)
 EXAMINE TWO POINT
DISCRIMINATION OF THE
GIVEN SUBJECT IN CERVICAL
DERMATOME
EXAMINE TWO POINT DISCRIMINATION OF THE GIVEN
SUBJECT IN CERVICAL DERMATOME

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Ask the subject to close his eyes and touch the skin with compassaesthesiometer (1)

Increase the distance between the two points and repeat till two separate points
are appreciated (1)

Do it on corresponding dermatome on the opposite side (1)

Inference (1)
 EXAMINE
THE GIVEN SUBJECT FOR
TACTILE LOCALISATION
EXAMINE THE GIVEN SUBJECT FOR TACTILE LOCALISATION

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Give a pen to the subject and ask the subject to close his eyes (1)

Touch the skin with a pen and ask the subject to localise the same point with
his pen (1)

Do it on corresponding dermatome on the opposite side (1)

Inference (1)
 ELICIT
BICEPS JERK
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
ELICIT BICEPS JERK IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Proper positioning of the upper limb (elbow is in semi-flexed position

Expose the biceps muscle. Strike the thumb placed on the biceps tendon
withthe knee hammer and observes the response (1)

Elicit the reflex similarly on the other side (1)

Inference (1)
 ELICIT
TRICEPS JERK
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
ELICIT TRICEPS JERK IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Proper positioning of the upper limb (elbow is in flexed position and

Expose the triceps muscle. Strike the triceps tendon with the knee hammer
andobserve the response (1)

Elicit the reflex similarly on the other side (1)

Inference (1)
 ELICIT
KNEE JERK
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
ELICIT KNEE JERK IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Proper positioning of the subject (the leg should not touch the ground) (1)

Expose the Quadriceps muscle. Strike the patellar tendon with the
kneehammer and observe the response (1)

Elicit the reflex similarly on the other side (1)

Inference (1)
 ELICIT
ANKLE JERK
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
ELICIT ANKLE JERK IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Proper positioning of the subject (supine position & knee slightly flexed) (1)

Expose the calf muscle. Slightly dorsiflex the foot and strike the Achilles
tendon with the knee hammer (1)

Elicit the reflex on the other side and observe the response (1)

Inference (1)
 EXAMINE THE
PLANTAR REFLEX
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
EXAMINE THE PLANTAR REFLEX IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Proper positioning of the subject (supine position). Gently fix the foot
byplacing the left hand a little above the ankle (1)

Gently stroke with the pointed metallic end of knee hammer or a key along
theouter edge of the sole of the foot from heel towards the little toe & then
medially across the metatarsals (1)

Observe the response and elicit the reflex similarly on the other side (1)

Inference (1)
 CHECK FOR
DIRECT LIGHT REFLEX
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
CHECK FOR DIRECT LIGHT REFLEX IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Shine the bright light of torch into the one eye from sideways (1)

Look for constriction of the pupil in the same eye (1)

Repeat the same procedure in the other eye (1)

Inference (1)
 DEMONSTRATE
ACCOMODATION REFLEX
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
DEMONSTRATE ACCOMODATION REFLEX IN THE GIVEN
SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Make the subject to sit in a good day light (1)

Ask the subject to look at a distance object and bring your finger in front of the
subject’s eyes and ask the subject to look at the finger (1)

Observe the convergence of eyes and pupillary constriction (1)

Inference (1)
 DO
RINNE’S TEST
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
DO RINNE’S TEST IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Place the base of the vibrating tuning fork (256 or 512 Hz) over the
mastoidprocess (1)

When the subject stops hearing it, immediately hold it just in front of
theexternal auditory meatus and enquire about the response (1)

Repeat the procedure on the other side and report (1)

Inference (1)
 DO ABSOLUTE BONE
CONDUCTION TEST
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
DO ABSOLUTE BONE CONDUCTION TEST IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Place the base of the vibrating tuning fork (256 or 512 Hz) over the
mastoidprocess of the subject (1)

Ask the subject to raise his hand when he stops hearing it (1)

Place the tuning fork on your own mastoid process & compare (1)

Inference (1)
 EXAMINE
ELEVENTH
CRANIAL NERVE
IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT
EXAMINE ELEVENTH CRANIAL NERVE IN THE GIVEN SUBJECT

Greet & Give proper instructions to the subject (1)

Make the subject to sit comfortably and explain the procedure (1)

Stand behind the subject and ask him to shrug the shoulders while
applyingpassive resistance. Observe the power of the muscle (1)

Ask the subject to rotate the chin to one side and to resist the movement
fromother side and to repeat on the other side. Observe the power of the
muscle (1)

Inference (1)