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qrcode 7.4.2  Latest version

pip install qrcode  Released: Feb 6, 2023

QR Code image generator

Navigation Project description

 Project
description
Pure python QR Code generator
 Release
history Generate QR codes.

A standard install uses pypng to generate PNG files and can also
 Download
render QR codes directly to the console. A standard install is just:
files

pip install qrcode

Project links
For more image functionality, install qrcode with the pil
 Homepage
dependency so that pillow is installed and can be used for
generating images:

Statistics
pip install "qrcode[pil]"
GitHub statistics:
  Stars: 4060 What is a QR Code?

 Forks: 675
A Quick Response code is a two-dimensional pictographic code
 Open issues: used for its fast readability and comparatively large storage
68 capacity. The code consists of black modules arranged in a square
pattern on a white background. The information encoded can be
 Open PRs: 11
made up of any kind of data (e.g., binary, alphanumeric, or Kanji
View statistics for symbols)
this project via
[Link] , or by
using our public Usage
dataset on Google
BigQuery  From the command line, use the installed qr script:

Meta qr "Some text" > [Link]

License: BSD License

(BSD) Or in Python, use the make shortcut function:

Author: Lincoln
Loop 
import qrcode
img = [Link]('Some data here')
 qr, denso-wave,
type(img) # [Link]
IEC18004
[Link]("some_file.png")
Requires: Python
>=3.7
Advanced Usage

Maintainers
For more control, use the QRCode class. For example:

lincolnloop
import qrcode
qr = [Link](
maribedran
version=1,
error_correction=[Link].ERROR_CORRECT_L,
SmileyChris box_size=10,
border=4,
)
qr.add_data('Some data')
Classifiers [Link](fit=True)

Development Status img = qr.make_image(fill_color="black", back_color="white

 5- The version parameter is an integer from 1 to 40 that controls the
Production/Stabl size of the QR Code (the smallest, version 1, is a 21x21 matrix). Set
e to None and use the fit parameter when making the code to
determine this automatically.
Intended Audience
Developers fill_color and back_color can change the background and the

License painting color of the QR, when using the default image factory.
OSI Approved :: Both parameters accept RGB color tuples.
BSD License

Operating System img = qr.make_image(back_color=(255, 195, 235), fill_colo

OS Independent

Programming The error_correction parameter controls the error correction

Language used for the QR Code. The following four constants are made
Python available on the qrcode package:
Python :: 3
Python :: 3 :: Only ERROR_CORRECT_L

Python :: 3.7
About 7% or less errors can be corrected.
Python :: 3.8
Python :: 3.9 ERROR_CORRECT_M (default)
Python :: 3.10
About 15% or less errors can be corrected.
Topic
Multimedia :: ERROR_CORRECT_Q
Graphics
Software About 25% or less errors can be corrected.
Development ::
ERROR_CORRECT_H .
Libraries :: Python
Modules About 30% or less errors can be corrected.

The box_size parameter controls how many pixels each “box” of

the QR code is.

The border parameter controls how many boxes thick the border
should be (the default is 4, which is the minimum according to the
specs).

Other image factories

You can encode as SVG, or use a new pure Python image

processor to encode to PNG images.
The Python examples below use the make shortcut. The same
image_factory keyword argument is a valid option for the QRCode
class for more advanced usage.

SVG

You can create the entire SVG or an SVG fragment. When building
an entire SVG image, you can use the factory that combines as a
path (recommended, and default for the script) or a factory that
creates a simple set of rectangles.

From your command line:

qr --factory=svg-path "Some text" > [Link]

qr --factory=svg "Some text" > [Link]
qr --factory=svg-fragment "Some text" > [Link]

Or in Python:

import qrcode
import [Link]

if method == 'basic':
# Simple factory, just a set of rects.
factory = [Link]
elif method == 'fragment':
# Fragment factory (also just a set of rects)
factory = [Link]
else:
# Combined path factory, fixes white space that may o
factory = [Link]

img = [Link]('Some data here', image_factory=factory

Two other related factories are available that work the same, but
also fill the background of the SVG with white:

[Link]
[Link]
The QRCode.make_image() method forwards additional keyword
arguments to the underlying ElementTree XML library. This helps to
fine tune the root element of the resulting SVG:

import qrcode
qr = [Link](image_factory=[Link]
qr.add_data('Some data')
[Link](fit=True)

img = qr.make_image(attrib={'class': 'some-css-class'})

You can convert the SVG image into strings using the to_string()
method. Additional keyword arguments are forwarded to
ElementTrees tostring() :

img.to_string(encoding='unicode')

Pure Python PNG

If Pillow is not installed, the default image factory will be a pure

Python PNG encoder that uses pypng.

You can use the factory explicitly from your command line:

qr --factory=png "Some text" > [Link]

Or in Python:

import qrcode
from [Link] import PyPNGImage
img = [Link]('Some data here', image_factory=PyPNGIm

Styled Image

Works only with versions >=7.2 (SVG styled images require 7.4).
To apply styles to the QRCode, use the StyledPilImage or one of
the standard SVG image factories. These accept an optional
module_drawer parameter to control the shape of the QR Code.

These QR Codes are not guaranteed to work with all readers, so do

some experimentation and set the error correction to high
(especially if embedding an image).

Other PIL module drawers:

doc/module_drawers.png

For SVGs, use SvgSquareDrawer , SvgCircleDrawer ,

SvgPathSquareDrawer , or SvgPathCircleDrawer .

These all accept a size_ratio argument which allows for

“gapped” squares or circles by reducing this less than the default
of Decimal(1) .

The StyledPilImage additionally accepts an optional color_mask

parameter to change the colors of the QR Code, and an optional
embeded_image_path to embed an image in the center of the code.

Other color masks:

doc/color_masks.png

Here is a code example to draw a QR code with rounded corners,

radial gradient and an embedded image:

import qrcode
from [Link] import StyledPilImage
from [Link] import Rounded
from [Link] import RadialGradiant

qr = [Link](error_correction=[Link]
qr.add_data('Some data')

img_1 = qr.make_image(image_factory=StyledPilImage, modul

img_2 = qr.make_image(image_factory=StyledPilImage, color
img_3 = qr.make_image(image_factory=StyledPilImage, embed
Examples

Get the text content from print_ascii:

import io
import qrcode
qr = [Link]()
qr.add_data("Some text")
f = [Link]()
qr.print_ascii(out=f)
[Link](0)
print([Link]())

The add_data method will append data to the current QR object. To

add new data by replacing previous content in the same object,
first use clear method:

import qrcode
qr = [Link]()
qr.add_data('Some data')
img = qr.make_image()
[Link]()
qr.add_data('New data')
other_img = qr.make_image()

Pipe ascii output to text file in command line:

qr --ascii "Some data" > "[Link]"

cat [Link]

Alternative to piping output to file to avoid PowerShell issues:

# qr "Some data" > [Link]

qr --output=[Link] "Some data"

Change log
7.4.2 (6 February 2023)

Allow pypng factory to allow for saving to a string (like

[Link]("some_file.png") ) in addition to file-like objects.

7.4.1 (3 February 2023)

Fix bad over-optimization in v7.4 that broke large QR codes.

Thanks to mattiasj-axis!

7.4 (1 February 2023)

Restructure the factory drawers, allowing different shapes in

SVG image factories as well.
Add a --factory-drawer option to the qr console script.
Optimize the output for the SVGPathImage factory (more than
30% reduction in file sizes).
Add a pypng image factory as a pure Python PNG solution. If
pillow is not installed, then this becomes the default factory.

The pymaging image factory has been removed, but its factory
shortcut and the actual PymagingImage factory class now just
link to the PyPNGImage factory.

7.3.1 (1 October 2021)

Improvements for embedded image.

7.3 (19 August 2021)

Skip color mask if QR is black and white

7.2 (19 July 2021)

Add Styled PIL image factory, allowing different color masks

and shapes in QR codes
Small performance inprovement
Add check for border size parameter
7.1 (1 July 2021)

Add –ascii parameter to command line interface allowing to

output ascii when stdout is piped
Add –output parameter to command line interface to specify
output file
Accept RGB tuples in fill_color and back_color
Add to_string method to SVG images
Replace inline styles with SVG attributes to avoid CSP issues
Add Python3.10 to supported versions

7.0 (29 June 2021)

Drop Python < 3.6 support.

6.1 (14 January 2019)

Fix short chunks of data not being optimized to the correct

mode.
Tests fixed for Python 3

6.0 (23 March 2018)

Fix optimize length being ignored in QRCode.add_data .

Better calculation of the best mask pattern and related
optimizations. Big thanks to cryptogun!

5.3 (18 May 2016)

Fix incomplete block table for QR version 15. Thanks Rodrigo

Queiro for the report and Jacob Welsh for the investigation and
fix.
Avoid unnecessary dependency for non MS platforms, thanks
to Noah Vesely.
Make BaseImage.get_image() actually work.

5.2 (25 Jan 2016)

 Add --error-correction option to qr script.
Fix script piping to stdout in Python 3 and reading non-UTF-8
characters in Python 3.
Fix script piping in Windows.
Add some useful behind-the-curtain methods for tinkerers.
Fix terminal output when using Python 2.6
Fix terminal output to display correctly on MS command line.

5.2.1

Small fix to terminal output in Python 3 (and fix tests)

5.2.2

Revert some terminal changes from 5.2 that broke Python 3’s
real life tty code generation and introduce a better way from
Jacob Welsh.

5.1 (22 Oct 2014)

Make qr script work in Windows. Thanks Ionel Cristian Mărieș

Fixed print_ascii function in Python 3.
Out-of-bounds code version numbers are handled more
consistently with a ValueError.
Much better test coverage (now only officially supporting
Python 2.6+)

5.0 (17 Jun 2014)

Speed optimizations.
Change the output when using the qr script to use ASCII
rather than just colors, better using the terminal real estate.
Fix a bug in passing bytecode data directly when in Python 3.
Substation speed optimizations to best-fit algorithm (thanks
Jacob Welsh!).
Introduce a print_ascii method and use it as the default for
the qr script rather than print_tty .
5.0.1

Update version numbers correctly.

4.0 (4 Sep 2013)

Made qrcode work on Python 2.4 - Thanks tcely. Note: officially,

qrcode only supports 2.5+.
Support pure-python PNG generation (via pymaging) for
Python 2.6+ – thanks Adam Wisniewski!
SVG image generation now supports alternate sizing (the
default box size of 10 == 1mm per rectangle).
SVG path image generation allows cleaner SVG output by
combining all QR rects into a single path. Thank you, Viktor
Stískala.
Added some extra simple SVG factories that fill the
background white.

4.0.1

Fix the pymaging backend not able to save the image to a

buffer. Thanks ilj!

4.0.2

Fix incorrect regex causing a comma to be considered part of

the alphanumeric set.
Switch to using setuptools for [Link].

4.0.3

Fix bad QR code generation due to the regex comma fix in

version 4.0.2.

4.0.4

Bad version number for previous hotfix release.

3.1 (12 Aug 2013)

Important fixes for incorrect matches of the alphanumeric

encoding mode. Previously, the pattern would match if a single
line was alphanumeric only (even if others wern’t). Also, the
two characters { and } had snuck in as valid characters.
Thanks to Eran Tromer for the report and fix.
Optimized chunking – if the parts of the data stream can be
encoded more efficiently, the data will be split into chunks of
the most efficient modes.

3.1.1

Update change log to contain version 3.1 changes. :P

Give the qr script an --optimize argument to control the
chunk optimization setting.

3.0 (25 Jun 2013)

Python 3 support.
Add QRCode.get_matrix, an easy way to get the matrix array of
a QR code including the border. Thanks Hugh Rawlinson.
Add in a workaround so that Python 2.6 users can use SVG
generation (they must install lxml ).
Some initial tests! And tox support ( pip install tox ) for
testing across Python platforms.

2.7 (5 Mar 2013)

Fix incorrect termination padding.

2.6 (2 Apr 2013)

Fix the first four columns incorrectly shifted by one. Thanks to

Josep Gómez-Suay for the report and fix.
Fix strings within 4 bits of the QR version limit being incorrectly
terminated. Thanks to zhjie231 for the report.
2.5 (12 Mar 2013)

The PilImage wrapper is more transparent - you can use any

methods or attributes available to the underlying PIL Image
instance.
Fixed the first column of the QR Code coming up empty!
Thanks to BecoKo.

2.5.1

Fix installation error on Windows.

2.4 (23 Apr 2012)

Use a pluggable backend system for generating images,

thanks to Branko Čibej! Comes with PIL and SVG backends
built in.

2.4.1

Fix a packaging issue

2.4.2

Added a show method to the PIL image wrapper so the

run_example function actually works.

2.3 (29 Jan 2012)

When adding data, auto-select the more efficient encoding

methods for numbers and alphanumeric data (KANJI still not
supported).

2.3.1

Encode unicode to utf-8 bytestrings when adding data to a

QRCode.

2.2 (18 Jan 2012)

 Fixed tty output to work on both white and black backgrounds.
Added border parameter to allow customizing of the number of
boxes used to create the border of the QR code

2.1 (17 Jan 2012)

Added a qr script which can be used to output a qr code to

the tty using background colors, or to a file via a pipe.

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