CCNPv6 ROUTE

Chapter 4 Lab 4-3, Manipulating Administrative Distances

Topology

Objectives

Configure RIP on a router.

Configure OSPF on a router.

Manipulate administrative distances.

Compare routing protocol behavior.

Background
In this lab, you will compare the RIP and OSPF routing protocols based on how efficient they are at selecting
routes, as well as what happens when you manipulate administrative distances in the routing table.
Note: This lab uses Cisco 1841 routers with Cisco IOS Release 12.4(24)T1 and the Advanced IP Services
image [Link]. The switch is a Cisco WS-C2960-24TT-L with the Cisco IOS
image [Link]. You can use other routers (such as a 2801 or 2811), switches
(such as 2950), and Cisco IOS Software versions if they have comparable capabilities and features.

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Depending on the router or switch model and Cisco IOS Software version, the commands available and
output produced might vary from what is shown in this lab.

Required Resources

3 routers (Cisco 1841 with Cisco IOS Release 12.4(24)T1 Advanced IP Services or comparable)

1 switch (Cisco 2960 with the Cisco IOS Release 12.2(46)SE C2960-LANBASEK9-M image or
comparable)

Serial and Ethernet cables

Step 1: Review default administrative distances.

Fill in the following table with all the administrative distances you can recall from your reading.
Protocol

Administrative Distance

Connected
Static
EIGRP Summary Route
External BGP
EIGRP
IGRP
OSPF
IS-IS
RIP
EGP
On-Demand Routing (ODR)
External EIGRP
Internal BGP
Unknown
Of the interior gateway protocols (IGPs) that you have studied, which one is considered the most trusted on a
Cisco router and why?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Step 2: Configure router loopbacks and addressing.

Configure all loopback interfaces on the three routers in the diagram. Configure the serial interface with the IP
addresses, bring them up, and set a clock rate where appropriate.
R1# conf t
R1(config)# interface loopback 1
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R1(config-if)#
R1(config-if)#
R1(config-if)#
R1(config-if)#
R1(config-if)#
R1(config-if)#
R1(config-if)#
R1(config-if)#
R1(config-if)#
R1(config-if)#

ip address [Link] [Link]

interface loopback 101
ip address [Link] [Link]
interface fastethernet 0/0
ip address [Link] [Link]
no shutdown
interface serial 0/0/1
bandwidth 64
ip address [Link] [Link]
no shutdown

R2# conf t
R2(config)# interface loopback 2
R2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)# interface loopback 102
R2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)# interface fastethernet 0/0
R2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)# no shutdown
R2(config-if)# interface fastethernet 0/1
R2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
R2(config-if)# no shutdown
R3# conf t
R3(config)# interface loopback 3
R3(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
R3(config-if)# interface loopback 103
R3(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
R3(config-if)# interface fastethernet 0/0
R3(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
R3(config-if)# no shutdown
R3(config-if)# interface serial 0/0/0
R3(config-if)# bandwidth 64
R3(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
R3(config-if)# clock rate 64000
R3(config-if)# no shutdown

Step 3: Configure switch VLANs.

a. Configure the switch VLANs, and place the correct access ports in each VLAN.
Note: The switch ports used are not important as long as the ports connecting to R1 Fa0/0 and R2 Fa0/0
are in VLAN 12 and the ports connecting to R3 Fa0/0 and R2 Fa0/1 are in VLAN 23.
Switch(config)# vlan
Switch(config-vlan)#
Switch(config-vlan)#
Switch(config-vlan)#
Switch(config-vlan)#

12
name R1-R2
vlan 23
name R2-R3
exit

Switch(config)# interface fastEthernet 0/1

Switch(config-if)# description To R1 Fa0/0
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 12
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#

interface fastEthernet 0/2

description To R2 Fa0/0
switchport mode access
switchport access vlan 12

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Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#

interface fastEthernet 0/3

description To R3 Fa0/0
switchport mode access
switchport access vlan 23

Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#

interface fastEthernet 0/4

description To R2 Fa0/1
switchport mode access
switchport access vlan 23

b. Verify that you can ping across the local subnets.

Step 4: Configure RIP.

a. Configure RIPv2 on all three routers for the major networks. Disable automatic summarization.
R1(config)# router
R1(config-router)#
R1(config-router)#
R1(config-router)#
R1(config-router)#

rip
version 2
no auto-summary
network [Link]
network [Link]

R2(config)# router
R2(config-router)#
R2(config-router)#
R2(config-router)#
R2(config-router)#

rip
version 2
no auto-summary
network [Link]
network [Link]

R3(config)# router
R3(config-router)#
R3(config-router)#
R3(config-router)#
R3(config-router)#

rip
version 2
no auto-summary
network [Link]
network [Link]

b. Verify the configuration using the show ip route rip command on each router.
R1# show ip route rip
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
R
[Link] [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:29, Serial0/0/1
[120/1] via [Link], 00:02:15, FastEthernet0/0
R
[Link] [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:15, FastEthernet0/0
R
[Link] [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:29, Serial0/0/1
R
[Link]/24 [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:15, FastEthernet0/0
R
[Link]/24 [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:29, Serial0/0/1
R2# show ip route rip
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
R
[Link] [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:18, FastEthernet0/1
[120/1] via [Link], 00:02:20, FastEthernet0/0
R
[Link] [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:20, FastEthernet0/0
R
[Link] [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:18, FastEthernet0/1
R
[Link]/24 [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:18, FastEthernet0/1
R
[Link]/24 [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:20, FastEthernet0/0
R3# show ip route rip
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
R
[Link] [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:32, FastEthernet0/0
[120/1] via [Link], 00:02:47, Serial0/0/0
R
[Link] [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:47, Serial0/0/0
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R
R
R

[Link] [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:32, FastEthernet0/0

[Link]/24 [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:32, FastEthernet0/0
[Link]/24 [120/1] via [Link], 00:02:47, Serial0/0/0

Notice that on R1, RIP chooses the serial interface as the best next hop for the R3 loopback interface.
c.

Verify that each router is receiving RIP routes from other routers using the show ip protocols command.
R1# show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 26 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2
Interface
Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet0/0
2
2
Serial0/0/1
2
2
Loopback1
2
2
Loopback101
2
2
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
[Link]
[Link]
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
[Link]
120
00:00:21
[Link]
120
00:00:03
Distance: (default is 120)
R2# show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 23 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2
Interface
Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet0/0
2
2
FastEthernet0/1
2
2
Loopback2
2
2
Loopback102
2
2
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
[Link]
[Link]
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
[Link]
120
00:00:02
[Link]
120
00:00:24
Distance: (default is 120)
R3# show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set

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Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 22 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2
Interface
Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet0/0
2
2
Serial0/0/0
2
2
Loopback3
2
2
Loopback103
2
2
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
[Link]
[Link]
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
[Link]
120
00:00:06
[Link]
120
00:00:17
Distance: (default is 120)

Step 5: Configure OSPF.

a. Configure OSPF on all routers. Include the entire major network in area 0 on all three routers. Remember
to change the network type on the loopback interfaces.
R1(config)# interface loopback 1
R1(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
R1(config-if)# interface loopback 101
R1(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
R1(config-if)# router ospf 1
R1(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
R1(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
R2(config)# interface loopback 2
R2(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
R2(config-if)# interface loopback 102
R2(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
R2(config-if)# router ospf 1
R2(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
R2(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
R3(config)# interface loopback 3
R3(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)# interface loopback 103
R3(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)# router ospf 1
R3(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
R3(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
b. Verify the configuration using the show ip ospf neighbors and show ip route commands on each
router.
R1# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID
[Link]
[Link]

Pri
0
1

State
FULL/ FULL/DR

Dead Time
00:00:39
00:00:39

Address
[Link]
[Link]

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Interface
Serial0/0/1
FastEthernet0/0

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CCNPv6 ROUTE
R1# show ip route
<output omitted>
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
O
[Link] [110/2] via [Link], 00:00:48, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
C
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback1
O
[Link] [110/2] via [Link], 00:00:48, FastEthernet0/0
O
[Link] [110/3] via [Link], 00:00:48, FastEthernet0/0
O
[Link]/24 [110/2] via [Link], 00:00:48, FastEthernet0/0
O
[Link]/24 [110/3] via [Link], 00:00:49, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback101
R2# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID
[Link]
[Link]

Pri
1
1

State
FULL/DR
FULL/BDR

Dead Time
00:00:31
00:00:34

Address
[Link]
[Link]

Interface
FastEthernet0/1
FastEthernet0/0

R2# show ip route

<output omitted>
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
C
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
C
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O
[Link] [110/1563] via [Link], 00:01:19, FastEthernet0/1
[110/1563] via [Link], 00:01:19, FastEthernet0/0
O
[Link] [110/2] via [Link], 00:01:19, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback2
O
[Link] [110/2] via [Link], 00:01:19, FastEthernet0/1
C
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback102
O
[Link]/24 [110/2] via [Link], 00:01:20, FastEthernet0/1
O
[Link]/24 [110/2] via [Link], 00:01:20, FastEthernet0/0
R3# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID
[Link]
[Link]

Pri
0
1

State
FULL/ FULL/BDR

Dead Time
00:00:36
00:00:33

Address
[Link]
[Link]

Interface
Serial0/0/0
FastEthernet0/0

R3# show ip route

<output omitted>
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
C
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O
[Link] [110/2] via [Link], 00:02:10, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
O
[Link] [110/3] via [Link], 00:02:10, FastEthernet0/0
O
[Link] [110/2] via [Link], 00:02:10, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback3
O
[Link]/24 [110/2] via [Link], 00:02:10, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback103
O
[Link]/24 [110/3] via [Link], 00:02:11, FastEthernet0/0
Notice that all the OSPF routes have replaced the RIP routes in the routing table. This is because OSPF has
an administrative distance of 110, and RIP has an administrative distance of 120.
What is the best next hop on R1 for [Link] with only RIP running?
__________________________________________________________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________________________
What is the best next hop on R1 for [Link] with OSPF running?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
On R1, the best next hop for the R3 loopback is now through the VLAN between R1 and R2. This is because
the sum of the costs for the two Ethernet links is still less than that of the single low-bandwidth (64 kb/s) serial
link. This is one of the reasons why RIPs metric of a hop count is not very effective.
Which metric does R1 use to make routing decisions about whether to cross the serial link to R3 to reach
R3s [Link]?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Use the following information for your answer.
R1# show ip ospf database router adv-router [Link]
OSPF Router with ID ([Link]) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
LS age: 433
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: [Link]
Advertising Router: [Link]
LS Seq Number: 80000003
Checksum: 0xE87F
Length: 84
Number of Links: 5
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: [Link]
(Link Data) Network Mask: [Link]
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 1
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: [Link]
(Link Data) Network Mask: [Link]
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 1
Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: [Link]
(Link Data) Router Interface address: [Link]
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 1562
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: [Link]
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(Link Data) Network Mask: [Link]
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 1562
Link connected to: a Transit Network
(Link ID) Designated Router address: [Link]
(Link Data) Router Interface address: [Link]
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 1

Step 6: Modify the routing protocol distance.

The distance command is a protocol-independent way to manipulate routing protocol distances. This
command is different from the routing protocol-specific commands such as distance ospf and distance
eigrp. This command lets you globally change a routing protocols distances, change only routes from a
certain neighbor or those matching an access list, or a combination of any two of these three options.
Try applying the distance distance command, which changes the distance of every route. The previous
output of the show ip route command shows that OSPF marks routes it injects into the routing table with a
default administrative distance of 110. RIP injects routes into the routing table with a default administrative
distance of 120.
What would happen if the administrative distance on each router for RIP were set to 100?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
a. On all three routers, change the distance of RIP to 100.
R1(config)# router rip
R1(config-router)# distance 100
R2(config)# router rip
R2(config-router)# distance 100
R3(config)# router rip
R3(config-router)# distance 100
b. Examine the output of the show ip route command. Notice that all the routes have become RIP routes
because RIP now has a lower distance than OSPF.
R1# show ip route
<output omitted>
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
R
[Link] [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:17, Serial0/0/1
[100/1] via [Link], 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
C
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback1
R
[Link] [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/0
R
[Link] [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:17, Serial0/0/1
R
[Link]/24 [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
R
[Link]/24 [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:18, Serial0/0/1
C
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback101
R2# show ip route
<output omitted>
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
C
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
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C
R
R
C
R
C
R
R

[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

[Link] [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/1
[100/1] via [Link], 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback2
[Link] [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/1
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback102
[Link]/24 [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/1
[Link]/24 [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0

R3# show ip route

<output omitted>
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
C
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R
[Link] [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0
[100/1] via [Link], 00:00:02, Serial0/0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
R
[Link] [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:02, Serial0/0/0
R
[Link] [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback3
R
[Link]/24 [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback103
R
[Link]/24 [100/1] via [Link], 00:00:03, Serial0/0/0
c.

You can display the new default distance for RIP using the show ip protocols command.
R1# show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 11 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2
Interface
Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet0/0
2
2
Serial0/0/1
2
2
Loopback1
2
2
Loopback101
2
2
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
[Link]
[Link]
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
[Link]
100
00:00:14
[Link]
100
00:00:22
Distance: (default is 100)
<output omitted>

Step 7: Modify distance based on route source.

You can also modify administrative distance based on route source using the distance distance address
wildcard command, where address and wildcard represent the peer advertising the route. For OSPF, the
address is the router ID.
a. On all three routers, change the OSPF administrative distance to 85 for any routes being advertised from
routers with IDs in the range of [Link]/21.
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R1(config)# router ospf 1
R1(config-router)# distance 85 [Link] [Link]
R2(config)# router ospf 1
R2(config-router)# distance 85 [Link] [Link]
R3(config)# router ospf 1
R3(config-router)# distance 85 [Link] [Link]
b. Verify the change with the show ip protocols and show ip route commands.
R1# show ip route
<output omitted>
Gateway of last resort is not set

O
C
C
C
O
O
O
O
C

[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets

[Link] [85/2] via [Link], 00:00:31, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback1
[Link] [85/2] via [Link], 00:00:31, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] [85/3] via [Link], 00:00:31, FastEthernet0/0
[Link]/24 [85/2] via [Link], 00:00:31, FastEthernet0/0
[Link]/24 [85/3] via [Link], 00:00:32, FastEthernet0/0
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback101

R2# show ip route

<output omitted>
Gateway of last resort is not set
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] [85/1563] via [Link], 00:00:53, FastEthernet0/1
[85/1563] via [Link], 00:00:53, FastEthernet0/0
O
[Link] [85/2] via [Link], 00:00:53, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback2
O
[Link] [85/2] via [Link], 00:00:53, FastEthernet0/1
C
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback102
O
[Link]/24 [85/2] via [Link], 00:00:54, FastEthernet0/1
O
[Link]/24 [85/2] via [Link], 00:00:54, FastEthernet0/0
R3# show ip route
<output omitted>
C
C
O

Gateway of last resort is not set

C
O
C
O
O
C
O
C
O

[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets

[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] [85/2] via [Link], 00:01:15, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
[Link] [85/3] via [Link], 00:01:15, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] [85/2] via [Link], 00:01:15, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback3
[Link]/24 [85/2] via [Link], 00:01:15, FastEthernet0/0
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback103
[Link]/24 [85/3] via [Link], 00:01:16, FastEthernet0/0

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CCNPv6 ROUTE
R1# show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID [Link]
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
[Link] [Link] area 0
[Link] [Link] area 0
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
[Link]
85
00:05:47
[Link]
85
00:05:47
Distance: (default is 110)
Address
Wild mask
Distance List
[Link]
[Link]
85
Each of the routers should have an entry similar to the one highlighted above.

Step 8: Modify distance based on an access list.

You can also modify administrative distance based on which routes match an access list using the distance
distance address wildcard acl command. The way you list routes in an access list which will be used to modify
distance is similar to how you list them when the access list is used to filter routes. For this lab, create an
access list containing all the subnets of [Link]/16. Then associate the access list with the distance
command, setting the address and wildcard to be any IP address (i.e., any route source).
a. On all three routers, change the distances of the affected routes to 65.
R1(config)# access-list 1 permit [Link] [Link]
R1(config)# router rip
R1(config-router)# distance 65 [Link] [Link] 1
R2(config)# access-list 1 permit [Link] [Link]
R2(config)# router rip
R2(config-router)# distance 65 [Link] [Link] 1
R3(config)# access-list 1 permit [Link] [Link]
R3(config)# router rip
R3(config-router)# distance 65 [Link] [Link] 1
b. Verify the change with the show ip protocols and show ip route commands.
R1# show ip protocols
<output omitted>
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 22 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2
Interface
Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet0/0
2
2
Serial0/0/1
2
2
Loopback1
2
2

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CCNPv6 ROUTE
Loopback101
2
2
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
[Link]
[Link]
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
[Link]
64
00:00:11
[Link]
64
00:00:12
Distance: (default is 100)
Address
Wild mask
Distance List
[Link]
[Link]
65 1
R1# show ip route
<output omitted>
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
R
[Link] [65/1] via [Link], 00:00:20, Serial0/0/1
[65/1] via [Link], 00:00:19, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
C
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback1
R
[Link] [65/1] via [Link], 00:00:19, FastEthernet0/0
R
[Link] [65/1] via [Link], 00:00:20, Serial0/0/1
O
[Link]/24 [85/2] via [Link], 00:09:09, FastEthernet0/0
O
[Link]/24 [85/3] via [Link], 00:09:09, FastEthernet0/0
C
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback101
R2# show ip protocols
<output omitted>
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 27 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2
Interface
Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet0/0
2
2
FastEthernet0/1
2
2
Loopback2
2
2
Loopback102
2
2
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
[Link]
[Link]
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
[Link]
65
00:00:06
[Link]
65
00:00:22
Distance: (default is 100)
Address
Wild mask
Distance List
[Link]
[Link]
65 1
R2# show ip route
<output omitted>
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
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CCNPv6 ROUTE
C
C
R
R
C
R
C
O
O

[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] [65/1] via [Link], 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/1
[65/1] via [Link], 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] [65/1] via [Link], 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/0
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback2
[Link] [65/1] via [Link], 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/1
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback102
[Link]/24 [85/2] via [Link], 00:09:35, FastEthernet0/1
[Link]/24 [85/2] via [Link], 00:09:35, FastEthernet0/0

R3# show ip protocols

<output omitted>
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 15 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2
Interface
Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet0/0
2
2
Serial0/0/0
2
2
Loopback3
2
2
Loopback103
2
2
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
[Link]
[Link]
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway
Distance
Last Update
[Link]
65
00:00:24
[Link]
65
00:00:16
Distance: (default is 100)
Address
Wild mask
Distance List
[Link]
[Link]
65 1
R3# show ip route
<output omitted>
[Link]/24 is subnetted, 6 subnets
C
[Link] is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
R
[Link] [65/1] via [Link], 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1
[65/1] via [Link], 00:00:19, Serial0/0/0
C
[Link] is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
R
[Link] [65/1] via [Link], 00:00:19, Serial0/0/0
R
[Link] [65/1] via [Link], 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1
C
[Link] is directly connected, Loopback3
O
[Link]/24 [85/2] via [Link], 00:09:43, FastEthernet0/1
C
[Link]/24 is directly connected, Loopback103
O
[Link]/24 [85/3] via [Link], 00:09:43, FastEthernet0/1
c.

Verify full connectivity with the following Tcl script.

R1# tclsh
foreach address {
[Link]
[Link]

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Page 14 of 16

CCNPv6 ROUTE
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
} { ping $address }

Challenge
Attempt this exercise based on what you know about OSPF, Dijkstras algorithm, and the distance command.
Using only the distance command, write out the commands necessary to confuse the routers in this topology
so that packets destined for [Link] would continually bounce between R1 to R2?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Because it is possible to intentionally break routing in this way, what degree of caution should be exercised
when manipulating administrative distances in a production network?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

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Page 15 of 16

CCNPv6 ROUTE

Router Interface Summary Table

Router Interface Summary

Router Model

Ethernet Interface
#1

Ethernet Interface
#2

Serial Interface
#1

Serial Interface
#2

1700

Fast Ethernet 0
(FA0)

Fast Ethernet 1
(FA1)

Serial 0 (S0)

Serial 1 (S1)

1800

Fast Ethernet 0/0

(FA0/0)

Fast Ethernet 0/1

(FA0/1)

Serial 0/0/0
(S0/0/0)

Serial 0/0/1
(S0/0/1)

2600

Fast Ethernet 0/0

(FA0/0)

Fast Ethernet 0/1

(FA0/1)

Serial 0/0 (S0/0)

Serial 0/1 (S0/1)

2800

Fast Ethernet 0/0

(FA0/0)

Fast Ethernet 0/1

(FA0/1)

Serial 0/0/0
(S0/0/0)

Serial 0/0/1
(S0/0/1)

Note: To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router
and how many interfaces the router has. Rather than list all combinations of configurations for each
router class, this table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and serial
interfaces in the device. The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a
specific router might contain one. For example, for an ISDN BRI interface, the string in parenthesis
is the legal abbreviation that can be used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface.

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