Figure 1 [Link]
org
Figure 2 Browser prompt you to download the file
Figure 3 $ sudo apt-get update
Exp No : 05
Date: Linux Kernel Compilation
Aim:
To upgrade the kernel file of the linux operating system using kernel compilation
process.
Apparatus Required:
[Link]
Apparatus
.
1 Linux OS
2 Personal Computer
Theory:
Linux kernel compilation provides the user to unlock the features which are not available
for the standard users. Linux compilation process allows the users to modify their kernel
depending on their hardware and software application environment. Following points
shows the steps involved in compiling a kernel.
Steps in Linux Kernel Compilation
Installing the sources.
Configuring the kernel (choosing which features and Drivers to compile).
Compiling the kernel (i.e. typing a single command, and watching...).
Installing the compiled kernel.
Updating the boot loader to recognize the new kernel.
Booting...
Making the new kernel become the default.
Figure 4 Install build-essential libncurses5-dev gcc libssl-dev bc
Figure 5 Extract the [Link] archive
Figure 6 Copy the configuration file
Figure 7 Output of menu config
Procedure:
Step 1 Download kernel file from [Link].
Step 2 $ sudo apt-get update
Step 3 Install following library
build-essential
libncurses5-dev
gcc libssl-dev bc
Step 4 Run the following command to extract the [Link] archive
$ tar xvf [Link]
Go to the directory where you downloaded the linux kernel source
Run the following command to navigate to the Downloads directory
$ cd ~/Downloads
Step 5 navigate to the directory with the following command
$ cd linux-4.14.7
Step 6 Copy the boot configuration into the ‘linux-4.14.7’ directory
$ cp -v /boot/config-4.9.0-3-amd64 .config
If above command not working follow step 7 otherwise go to step 8
Step 7 Install following library
$sudo apt-get install bison
If bison library not get installing, follow below command
$ sudo apt-get install flex
Then type
$make menuconfig (Refer Fig.7 for the corresponding output)
Then you will be prompted to a configuration window (Refer Fig.8) and save
the window without changing any configuration
Then press “Ok” / “enter” / “Save” for all other windows without changing
anything refer Fig. 9 and Fig.10
Step 8 $ make deb-pkg
If the above doesn’t work go to step 9 otherwise go to step 10
Step 9 Execute following commands
$sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/lock
$sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/lock
Figure 8 Configuration Window
Figure 9 Configuration Window 2
Figure 10 Configuration Window 3
$sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock
$sudo apt-get install libelf-dev
Step10 $make deb-pkg
The command will execute for long time depend on the processor and RAM
power as shown in Fig.11
Step11 Run the following command to update the kernel
$ sudo dpkg -i ../linux-*.deb
After that, restart the computer ($ sudo reboot) and your boot screen will
show the updated kernel version as shown in Fig.12
Step12 Kernel version can also be checked in Terminal window, by typing the
following command
$uname -r
Figure 11 Output of dep-pkg command
Figure 12 Updated Kernel version on the boot screen
Result:
Thus the procedure was followed and the kernel file of Linux OS was updated.