COHESIVE DEVICES
are words or phrases that show the relationship between paragraphs or sections of a
text or speech. These devices are sometimes called linking words, linkers, connectors,
discourse markers, or transitional words.
COORDINATING CONJUCTIONS
These conjunctions. connect words, phrases, and clauses of equal value. Clauses of equal
value are called independent clauses and can stand on their own as separate sentences.
F FOR EXPLAININ He gains more weight, for he eats
too much sweets.
G
A AND ADDITION His favorite snacks are apples and
bananas.
N NOR NEGATIVE ADDITION He doesn't like soft drinks, nor hard
liquors.
B BUT CONTRADICTION I eat vegetables, but I never eat
junk foods.
O OR OPTION Would you like bread or cookies
with your coffee?
YYYET
He is still young, yet he is already
CONTRADICTION very responsible.
S SO CONSEQUENCE He was very hungry, so he ate the
remaining fruits.
Because, so, that, as, since- (to express cause or As he was feeling sick, Pedro
reason) didn't go to work yesterday.
SUBORDINATING CONJUCTIONS
Cohesive
The clause beginning Description Example
Devices
with the subordinating
conjunction is always
the subordinate
clause, which before, after,
The baby cries
depends on the main until/till, when,
clause and cannot to express time whenever he feels
as soon as,
exist without it. hungry.
whenever, while
Cohesive
Description Example
Devices
unless, if, even I'll lend you my phone,
to express
if, in case, provided that you will
condition
providing use it carefully.
Joy loves outdoor
to express
activities, whereas her
although, even contrast of
sister prefers to stay
though. whereas concession
home.
ADVERBIAL CONJUCTIONS
Cohesive
These are words Description Example
Devices
that join
independent
clauses into one It rained hard;
also, besides,
sentence. A moreover, lightning
finally,
conjunctive adverb adding
furthermore, in flashed and thunder
helps you create a something
addition, boomed.
shorter sentence.
moreover, still
When you use a
conjunctive adverb,
put a semicolon (;)
Sleeping early makes
before it and a also, as well,
me feel relaxed; also,
comma (,) after it alike, similarly comparing
it makes me active for
the next day.
at the same I wanted to finish
time, in contrast, answering my activity
in spite of, on contrasting in this module; even if
the other hand it takes a longer time
even if to do it.
Cohesive
Description Example
Devices
certainly, Following health
definitely, protocols is; indeed
emphasizing
indeed, in fact very important for us to
be safe.
for/as an There are different
example, for
symptoms of COVID-
instance, in giving example
19; namely, cough,
other words,
namely, such as
fever and sore throat.
as... as, both Neither the minors nor
and, either or, showing the senior citizens are
neither nor, not equality allowed to go out
only... but also during the pandemic.
as it was/has
been said, in COVID-19 is a serious
conclusion, summarizing, disease; hence, we
finally, in short, concluding need to follow health
in other words, protocols.
hence