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Visual Pathway and Abnormalities Explained

The document discusses the visual pathway which refers to the structures that convert light energy to electrical signals interpreted by the brain. It starts from photoreceptors in the eye and ends in the visual cortex. The two major pathways are dorsal and ventral streams. The document lists the courses of the visual pathway and discusses abnormalities that can occur in different parts of the pathway and the resulting vision defects.

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angelasogwa60
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58 views2 pages

Visual Pathway and Abnormalities Explained

The document discusses the visual pathway which refers to the structures that convert light energy to electrical signals interpreted by the brain. It starts from photoreceptors in the eye and ends in the visual cortex. The two major pathways are dorsal and ventral streams. The document lists the courses of the visual pathway and discusses abnormalities that can occur in different parts of the pathway and the resulting vision defects.

Uploaded by

angelasogwa60
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Name:Asogwa Angel Ezinne

Department :Medical Rehabilitation


Reg no:2020624016
Course:Pio 492,Neurophysiology II

THE VISUAL PATHWAY

Visual pathways refers to the structures responsible for the conversion of light energy to electrical action
potential that can be interpreted by the [Link] visual pathways begin with photoreceptors found in
the eye(retina ) and ends in the visual cortex of the occipital lobe .

There are two major types of visual pathways which are the dorsal and ventral stream of visual
pathways .The dorsal is also known as the red arrows while the ventral is known as the green arrows .

Courses of visual pathway

1. Optic nerve
2. Optic chiasma
3. Optic tract
4. Lateral geniculate body
5. Optic radiation
6. Visual cortex

Abnormalities of the visual pathway


The optic nerve pathway is the pathway for [Link] times there could be emergence of legions in
the pathway which causes different vision abnormalities depending on the location of the legion.

1. Legion of the optic nerve : information coming from the nasal retina or the temporary retina
cannot get through to the visual cortex . This means both the temporal and nasal retinas of the
eyes may be affected . It is also known as Anopia , it may cause total blindness. The legions occur
due to increased intracranial pressure
2. Legion of the optic chiasma: vision at the optic chiasma is coming from the nasal retina . If there
is a legion in the optic chiasma the patient would have a vision defect at their temporal visual
fold it is also known as Bitemporal haemianopia
3. Legion of the optic tracts: the optic tract contains fibers coming from the temporal retina it also
contains visual fields coming from the nasal retina of the left eye, if both of the optic tracts are
affected and there are legions in the right optic tract the patient would have visual problems in
the nasal visual field of the right eye and the temporal visual field of the left eye it is also known
as Homonymous Hemianopia
4. Legions of the optic radiation : if you have legions of the optic radiations and only one of them is
affected it may develop into Quadrantanopia depending on the location or part of the radiation
that might have been affected you may have inferior or superior Quadrantanopia . If the legions
affect all part of the radiation you may get Homonymous Hemianopia .
5. Macula sparing : This is a visual field loss that preserves vision in the center of the visual field
otherwise known as the macula it appears in people with damage to the hemisphere of their
visual. Cortex and occurs simultaneously with bilateral Hemianopia.

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