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Extreme Values and Lagrange Multipliers

This document contains 16 problems related to finding extreme values and using the Lagrange multiplier method. The problems involve finding critical points, maximum/minimum values, and saddle points of functions subject to various constraints like regions, curves, surfaces, planes and spheres. The functions include multivariate polynomials and those with multiple variables subject to systems of equations defining the constraint sets.

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9 views2 pages

Extreme Values and Lagrange Multipliers

This document contains 16 problems related to finding extreme values and using the Lagrange multiplier method. The problems involve finding critical points, maximum/minimum values, and saddle points of functions subject to various constraints like regions, curves, surfaces, planes and spheres. The functions include multivariate polynomials and those with multiple variables subject to systems of equations defining the constraint sets.

Uploaded by

kanini7438
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal

Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences


Engineering Mathematics I - MA110

Problem Sheet - 4
Extreme Values and Lagrange Multiplier Method

(1) Find and classify the critical points of the following functions.
(a) f (x, y) = (y − x)(1 − 2x − 3y).
(b) f (x, y) = xye−8(x +y ) .
2 2

(c) f (x, y) = x3 + y3 − 3x − 12y + 20


(2) Let f (x, y) = 3x4 − 4x2 y + y2 . Show that on every line y = mx the function has a minimum
at (0, 0), but that there is no local minimum in any two-dimensional neighborhood of the
origin. Make a sketch indicating the set of points (x, y) at which f (x, y) > 0 and the set at
which f (x, y) < 0.
(3) Find the absolute minimum and absolute maximum of f (x, y) = 18x2 + 4y2 − y2 x − 2 on
the triangular region with vertices (−1, −1), (5, −1) and (5, 5).
(4) Determine all the local and absolute extreme values and the saddle points for the function
f (x, y) = xy(1 − x2 − y2 ) on the square region 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 0 ≤ y ≤ 1.
(5) Find the extremum values of the following functions.
(a) Maximize f (x, y) = 49 − x2 − y2 , subjected to the constraint x + 3y = 10.
(b) Maximize/Minimize f (x, y) = 3x − y + 6, subjected to the constraint x2 + y2 = 4.
(c) Maximize/Minimize f (x, y, z) = x−2y+5z, subjected to the constraint x2 +y2 +z2 = 30.
(d) Maximize f (x, y, z) = x2 y3 z4 , subjected to the constraint 12x + 12y + 24z = 1.
(6) Find the points on the curve x2 + xy+y2 = 1 in the xy-plane that are nearest to and farthest
from the origin.
(7) Find the maximum and minimum values of the function Q(x, y) = 3x2 + 2xy + 3y2 on the
unit circle x2 + y2 = 1.
(8) Use the Lagrange multiplier method to find the points of the curve x3 + y2 = 1 that are
closest to the point (−1, 0).
(9) Use the Lagrange multiplier method to find the points of the level set x3 + y2 + z2 = 1 that
are closest to the point (−1, 0, 0).
(10) Find the points on the surface xyz = 1 closest to the origin.
(11) Find the points on the surface z2 = xy + 4 closest to the origin.
(12) Find the extremum values of the flowing functions.
(a) Minimize f (x, y, z) = x2 + y2 + z2 , subjected to the constraints x + y + z = 1 and
3x + 2y + z = 6.
(b) Maximize f (x, y, z) = 3xyz, subjected to the constraints x + y + z = 40 and x + y = z.
(13) Find the point closest to the origin on the line of intersection of the planes y + 2z = 12
and x + y = 6.
(14) Find the maximum value that f (x, y, z) = x2 + 2y − z2 can have on the line of intersection
of the planes 2x − y = 0 and y + z = 0.
(15) Find the extreme values of f (x, y, z) = x2 yz on the intersection of the plane z = 1 with the
sphere x2 + y2 + z2 = 10.
1
2

(16) Find the highest and lowest points (measured from xy− plane) of the circle whose equa-
tion is formed by the intersection of the spheres
x2 + y2 + z2 = 16
(x + 1)2 + (y + 1)2 + (z + 1)2 = 27.

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