Science
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(Chapter- 5) (Acids, Bases and Salts)
(Class-VI)
Exercises
Question 1:
State differences between acids and bases.
&Answer 1:
S. No. Acids Bases
1. Its taste is sour. Its taste is bitter.
2. When added to litmus solution, it turns When added to litmus solution, it turns blue.
red.
3. Examples: Curd, lemon juice and Examples: Baking soda, Soap and lime water.
vinegar
Question 2:
Ammonia is found in many household products, such as window cleaners. It turns red litmus blue.
What is its nature?
Answer 2:
Bases turn red litmus blue, so nature of ammonia is basic.
Question 3:
Name the source from which litmus solution is obtained. What is the use of this solution?
&Answer 3:
Litmus is extracted from lichens. It has a mauve (purple) colour in distilled
water. When added to an acidic solution, it turns red and when added to a
basic solution, it turns blue. So, it is used to test the acidic or basic nature of
solutions.
IWARI Lichens
Question 4: G D
Is the distilled water acidic/basic/neutral? How would you verify it?
Answer 4:
Distilled water is neutral by nature. We can verify it by litmus test. Water does not change the colour
of either red or blue litmus.
Question 5:
Describe the process of neutralisation with the help of an example
Answer 5:
When an acid solution and a base solution are mixed in suitable amounts, both the acidic nature of the
acid and the basic nature of the base are destroyed. The resulting solution is neither acidic nor basic,
it become neutral. This process is known as neutralisation reaction.
Fill one fourth of a test tube with dilute hydrochloric acid and add few drop of litmus solution. Now
the colour of the solutions become red. Now add to this acidic solution drops of sodium hydroxide
solution gradually one by one with a dropper. Stir the tube gently. Continue adding the sodium
hydroxide solution drop by drop while stirring till the colour just become green. Now the effect of
hydrochloric acid is neutralized by the base sodium hydroxide.
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Science
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(Chapter-5) (Acids, Bases and Salts)
(Class VI)
Question 6:
Mark T if the statement is true and F ifit is false:
) Nitric acid turn red litmus blue. (T/F)
i) Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red. (T/F)
ii) Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid neutralise each other and form salt and water. (T/F)
(iv) Indicator is a substance which shows different colours in acidic and basic solutions. (T/F
(v) Tooth decay is caused by the presence of a base. (T/F)
Answer 6:
) Nitric acid turn red litmus blue. (False)
i ) Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red. (False)
ii) Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid neutralise each other and form salt and water. (True)
Civ) Indicator is a substance which shows different colours in acidic and basic solutions. (True)
(v) Tooth decay is caused by the presence ofa base. (False)
Question 7:
Dorji has a few bottles of soft drink in his restaurant. But, unfortunately, these are not labelled. He has
to serve the drinks on the demand of customers. One customer wants acidic drink, another wants basic
and third one wants neutral drink. How will Dorji decide which drink is to be served to whom?
Answer 7:
Dorji can use litmus test on these drinks. Just drop few drops of drink on litmus paper and take the
decision according to the following:
Ifit turns blue, drink is basic.
If it turns red, drink is acidic.
>Ifit turns green, drink is neutral.
IWARI
Question 8:
Explain why:
(a) An antacid tablet is taken when you suffer from acidity.
(b) Calamine solution is applied on the skin when an ant bites.
(c) Factory waste is neutralized before disposing it into the water bodies.
Answer 8:
(a) Due to release of excess of hydrochloric acid, we suffer from acidity. An antacid tablet consists of a
base like Milk of Magnesia (magnesium hydroxide). It neutralizes the effect of excessive acid and
brings relief.
(b) The sting of an ant contains formic acid which causes irritation on the skin. Calamine solution
contains, zinc carbonate which is a base. Calamine solution neutralizes the acid effect of the ant bite
when applied on the skin.
(c) The wastes of many factories contain acids. If they are allowed to flow into the water bodies, the
acids will kill aquatic organisms. The factory wastes are, therefore, neutralized by adding basic
substances.
Science
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(Chapter-5) (Acids, Bases and Salts)
(Class-VI)
Question 9:
Three liquids are given to you. One is hydrochloric acid, another is sodium hydroxide and third is a
sugar solution. How will you identify them? You have only turmeric indicator.
Answer 9:
Turmeric is yellow in colour. When a base is added to it, the solution turns into pink colour. However
turmeric remains yellow when an acid or neutral solution is added to it. We shall perform the following
steps to identify the solution is base, acid or neutral.
>Take few drops from each solution and test it with turmeric solution. Ifthe solution turns into
pink colour that solution is base i.e. Sodium Hydroxide. Mark that beaker (containing solution)
as base.
Take a test tube and add few drops of base solution and second solution. Check if test tube
becomes warm and then add turmeric solution to it. If the colour does not change, it means the
solution added is acidic (HCI). The test tube becomes warm due to neutralization.
If the test tube of the above solution does not warm and it does show pink colour when turmeric
is added, the second solution is neutral.
Question 10:
Blue litmus paper is dipped in a solution. It remains blue. What is the nature of the solution? Explain.
Answer 10:
Ifa blue litmus paper when dipped in a solution, remains blue, it implies the solution is either basic or
neutral.
Question 11:
Consider the following statements:
(a) Both acids and bases change colour of all indicators.
(b) If an indicator gives a colour change with an acid, it does not give a change with a base.
(c)If an indicator changes colour with a base, it does not change colour with an acid.
(d) Change of colour in an acid and a base depends on the type of the indicator.
Which of these statements are correct?
All four (i) a and d (ii) b and c (iv) only d
Answer 11:
Civ) only d
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