Scribd
Upload
31 views11 pages

Exeercise Basic Maths

Uploaded by

viswajithv66
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
31 views11 pages

Exeercise Basic Maths

Uploaded by

viswajithv66
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
Mathematics | 1.29 JEE Main/Boards Example 1: Evaluate 4723, if log,, 723 = 18591 Sol: Here consider x = 1723. Now by applying log on both sides and solving using logarithm formula we will get value of 4723. Let x = 4723, Then, log x = log (723)** 1 logy x= 3 tog, 723 ~@ 3 Jog 723-1og(0723%10?) = 10g 0.723 + log 10? -Tasvi+2-18591 (i) log,x= 2 x 18 = logyyx= 5 1.8591 16197 ; 10g, x= => x-antilog (0.6197) = x = 4.166 (using antilog table) Example 2: Using logarithm, find the value of 645 « 9814 Sol: Considerx= 6.45 x 981.4 and then applylog on both sides and solve by using log,(MN) = log,M + log,N and log table. Then, log, x = log,, (6.45 x 981.4) log, 645 + log,, 981.4 8096 + 2.9919 (using log table) intlog (3.8015) = 6331 (using antilog table) ax Example 3: Find minimum value of x satisfying k-3]+2kea=4 Sol: Similar to illustration 25. Case-I: When x <1 16-3) 26+D=4 SeoKt 322-224; o-Bet lad 33x sxe-1 1.20 | Basic Mathematics x<-1s0, -Lis not possible Cases: When-1 3is taken, (x3) +2 («+ 1) =4 >3x-1=4 =x 5/3 => Therefore, no solution Result x = -1 is the only solution. Example 4: Let log, N =a, +B,,log,N =a, +B,.logpN= 5 +P, where 4,012,045 €1 and By, P,,By € (0,1) then (0 Find number of integral values of N ifa, = 4 and a, (i) Find the largest integral value of N if a, 2 5,0, = 3, (i) Difference of largest and smallest integral values Sol: Here by using y =log,xe>a¥ =x we can obtain values of N. After that by drawing a number line we will get the required answer. ‘ “ 2581 125 243, G@) N=3*tand N= 52 a N= (34,3) and N N = (81, 243) and N = (25, 125) 0 [81, 125] is the common part hence the no. of integral values of N are 125-81 = 44 0) n=3",n-[3,3°).N =[243 729) 152,59) —— N=s*2,N= .5*),N =[125,625) NaN 49,343) 49125 243 343625 729 ‘Common part is [243, 343]. So largest integral value = 342 (6) Difference of largest and smallest values = 342-243 = 9 Example 5: Find the number of zeros in, x = (035)", Given log,,(7) = 0.8451, log,,(2) = 03010 Sol: By applying og,, on both sides and using logarithm, formulae we will get the result logis = 12log;5| = logy. x= 1210g35-—log,,100 = 12 (los. 7 +109,)5-2] =12 [log,97 + 109,020 -1og,52~2] = 12[.8451 + 1- 3010-2] = 12 (5441-1) logyx = =12 + 65292 logy x = 124.6 + 05292 = -6 +0.5292 = 8.5292 So x=10%10%? Hence the number of zeros after the decimal Example 6: Find the number of zeros in, 27 Sol: Consider 2° = x and solve as in illustration 5. 1 po ~ 2 log,,x = ~A0l0g,,2 = ~40[.3 )] = -12.0400 tog,.x= (-12-0.04) +1-1=+10g,)x=-13 +096 => x= 1078.10 Number of zeros = 12 Example 7: Find the number of digits for x= 3! x2" Sol: By applying log,, on both sides and then using a log table we can solve the problem above, logyg X = 12l0g;9 3+ 8109452 (0.4771) +8(0.3010) = 5.7252+2.4080 logy = 81332 5 x (sot) 10°” No. of digits = 8 +1=9 Example 8: Solve x°V#l"") <9 Sol: Here, by using log, M= problem above. “ log, M we can solve the XNA 9 wlogx (x-2) => X02" 9 where x > 0, x#1 > (x-2)" >x-2=33 2x But x = ~1 is rejected as x should be greater than 0. Example 9: log; (log. x3 og, ,.x+5)=2 tog (oe? $0 fog, (log? x-3lo9,9x+8)=2 = log} x—3log,,,x+5=9 Let log,.(xJ=t 1? -3t-4=0 (t-4) (te =05 t=4,t= = logy; = log,» X= -2 x= 116,x=2 1-2loa.%) log,q x-2(lodi9 x} Example 10: Solve Sol: Simply by putting log,, x = t we can solve the problem above. 1-2(03%2) 109,9x-2(l0049%) 1, Let log,, x 1-2(2t)) ott) 128 =151-8t =t-2? = 6 + 3 2t-1 0 34(2t+1) -1(24+1)-0 ¥3,t=-1/2 = log x= 1/3, log x= - 3 108 x =10-¥? payers Example 11 = shat 5) 125 Sol: By using a above. we can evaluate the problem osha bo , (2 a fH0™I)3 ghosts? _ shox 7) =2logx—log?x=logx-4 = log?x=4 x= 10%, x= 107 JEE Advanced/Boards Example 1: Solve, 0G sue7(9+12% + 4x2) logan (6X2 1230421) = 4 Sol: Here 6x? +23x+21 = (2e+3) (3x7) and (9412«4 4x) = (2x3)? Mathematics | 1.21 Hence substitute it in the above equation and solve Using the logarithm formula, Given that 100s (422K 3x2) +1093, (6x2 +23 22) logs,.7(2x+3)° +loga,.5{ (2x+3)(3x+7)]=4 Let 1 lodyay (2X3) <8: 2a a ya (2K3)~ Ai 2AVLOS => 2A? -3A41=0; 2A’-2A-A+1=0 $3 2A (AA (A-1) == 172,821 = log,,,,(2¢+3)=1/2 For A=h2x+3=V3e07 z => 4x? 49412K = 3x47; 4x2 +9x4+2=0 4x 1 B11 2=0 > 4x(x42)+1(x+2)=0 =-2; For A=1,log,,.,2x+3=1 > x+3=3K47 > x=4 also 2x+3>0,3K+7>0 > x>3/2x>-78 (A and -2 will be rejected) Example 2: Solve, (x)e221! 8 Ho Sol: By taking log, on both sides and solving we will get the result Taking log on both sides to the base x logo x? logy x2. tog, [(x) 4 = tog, (V2) 3 2 5 loa, xf’ + (leg, x) -F = l09,2 tet bgpeets 344 3t 4 4t? St =2— 3t + at? ~5t-2=0 BE 437 -6t HP t-2=0— (Bt4A}(L +t-2)=0 1 = (3t+1)(t+2)(t-1) =0;-t=1,2,-2 (3t+a)(t+2)(t-1) <0; 9t-1-a-4 Putting t = log, x 1.22 | Basic Mathematics 1 log,x=1%=21 log,x=-2-x=2 log, x=-1/3>x=1/ (2)! Example 3: Solve be" 28 < (x1) Sol: As ais defined for a > 0 so (x-1) > 0, Therefore by ‘taking log on both side we can solve it. Now taking log on both sides (loa, x* -2109, 9)log(x-1) = log(x-1) (tos, “fot 1)=0 Either log (x—1) = 0 => Letlog,x=t (t= 4t-7) = 0 28-4-7t=0 = 2-8 + t-4 = 0-9 2Htt- 4) 410-4) =0 tea or logyx=-1/2 3)‘ orx=(3y"” x= 3 log (x= 1) is not defined, so x = 2 orx = 81. Forx Example 4: Solve, tog, (x? -1) -tog, (x1) =l09, rm) Sol: By using formula log,| ™]=1og,M ~ log, and \n} using modulus inequalities we can solve the problem above i -1) tog, 2 tog, 4-a[ v=) Case: 4-x> 0 orx < 4then (x + 1) = 1) 4-) So xtladex®-4ex ox? 44520 4xVi6-20 | aS which is not possiale eR Case: (4—x) < 0 orx> 4 then (x +1) = («- 1) «-4) Sextet 5x44 x? -6x43=0 =? -6x43=0 = SNE 2 NE yak “x24 istaken, hence x = 3 +V6 Example the sum of all solutions of the equation [ota] -(3h2")-2-0 is (af where b and arerelatively prime and a, bc © N then (@+b+c)=? Sol: Here by putting 3°%0* = t and solving we will get the result (ory (n= Let e 3°80" = t then St -t-2=0; >t -2t4t-2=0 > t(t-2)+1(t-2)=0, = (t+1)(t-2)-0 -1&t=2 = 30%" Case -aj;st Exponential value cannot be negative Case-I:t=2; 3°80" <2 Taking log, both side log, (3)°** =1og, 2 = logy, x = log, 2 x = 10%? Comparing by (a)"* we get =10,b=3,c=2 +b+c=10+3+2=15 Example 6: Find the number of zeros after decimal before a significant digit in (9/8) “°° and applying log,, on both = log, x= -100[0g,,9~I09,5 8] = log,,x~ -100[2I0g,,3~ 3109.92] = logy) x =-100(2«0.4771-3x0.3010) = -100[0.9542-0.9030] = -100[0.0512]=-5.12 logyy x =(-5-0.12) 41-1 log,9x =8.88 => x = 10%x10%* Number of zeros before any significant digits = 5 Example 7:Solve log, (210351 + 10g, (1+ log, x) =1/2 Sol: Here by using y =log, x a? =x we can solve it log, (2l0g, (110g, (31095 x)))=1/2 = 2log, (1 +og, (1+3log, x)) = > log,(1+10g,(1+3!og, x) = = 1+log,(1+3l0g, x) =3 > log, (1+ 310g, x) =2 = 143log,x=4 = log, x=3= log, x=1 > x=3 Example8:Solve logy, x- 7logyq,¥" + A0log,, 4% = 0 loga Sol: By using log, a=29* we can reduce the given Togb log,x _7logyx? 400g, 8% equation to ae 0 and then Tog, 05x Tog, 16x | log, 4x by putting log, x = t we can solve it Let log, x = ait ta (t0-4)(t2) Type) 21t+42+10t? +30t-40 “ se auft-a)(t+2) +10(¢-1)(¢+4) i (aye yea) y-° ~lor? +15t+10 (yeaa 2 log,x=0 > x=1 ind log, x=2=>x=4 Mathematics | 1.23 15 Example 9: Solve, log, (x /4) log, % Sol: Simply by putting log, (x) = t and using basic logarithmic formula we can Solve the problem above. sa 4s = 45 5 (log,x-2)- 8 __ Fo9,(x/4)= > (0992) apa log, -1 3 Let log, 60 = t ot-2-25 12-6 +8=15 4 SP -6t-7=0 Stile y=0 ata7t = log,x = 7 and logx = -1 x= 2 andx < loa. (x2 Vlog. (16x). Example 10: Save, fog, (270g, (16x) =I0g,x¢ Sol: By using log, (MN) reduce the given ty) 3 equation to (2-+2l09,x)| 2+ 510g, x) = Flog, x After that putting log, x = t we will get the result, = log.M + log,N- we can fos, (2 Yog, (163) ~1o9,>° = fs ates,» + tog, x} = Bog, Let og,x=t 7 = la+2y(2s4) o(re2y(4et 3) FL poeaj(ena oe (2 4 2 = 2 (20 +9t+4)=9¢ = St? 18-8 =0 = St? -20t+2t-8=0 = St(t8) + 2(t=4) <0;¢--2/5,¢=4 But t + 4=9 x=6 and logx = -2/5 is Not Possible xe 41.24 | Basie Mathematies $$$ Exercise 1 Qt Solve (0 logy, 32 (ip tog, 16 Gid 109,279) (iv) log, (1728) ) log, cos4s° (i) bog, (log, 4) (vii) log, (tan30°) Q2 Prove the following 6) ba BET 1 Gi) logpas (8) Gip tog, (08) (iv) log, ., (04) () logy. (0.3) =0 3 Find the no. of digits in a2 (3 Q4 Solve (i) log,_,3=2 (ip log, (3* -8) =2—x Gil log, (x? - 24+ 65) =2 (iv) log, (x+1) +log, (+3) =1 () %0* <10x¢ logs (vi) x =10%* Pao (vip x98" =9 Uigod 1 51-1095 = =| log> +logx + SlogS @ 9) 4003 gx 5 25) 6 o-2ea{ x2) nox} | Lol?) legge? Q7x * =19"%0% toga * as ("Be® =log,, VK 9 yfog,¥ log, 8x41=0 Q10 log, ,x-3ylog,,,% 12-0 aus ("sa 6-0 eo 2 Qi2log, (x =1)-log,(x-1)° = 004( (s-9} -3 x-3 Qs 2log, AF +1 = log, 7 @ log, (9% Jlogt xa4 QA5 loggs,2? + M4l09,,.¥? +40l0g,, VF =0 Q16 log, (log},. x-3logy,2x+5)=2 Q17 log, (x/4) = += x 1 log, 3-1 18 Fog, (54-4) +109, Ser = 2+109,. 018 19 log,, x? = logy, (5x—4) 1 1 Q20 Flog, (x-2)-F =lody VIX-5 logo (Ye=4 +1) Q21 922 1-H109,9(2x-1) =Flog,o(x-9) 23 loa, (34? +7) “log (3x-2)=1 4) Q24 (243; ode 3 +logy,2=logy (27-3) ao (x42) +1 928 log, (4* +1) =x +109,(2"? -6) 2s Hos. x4+3log,, V2 27 log(«*-6)-togg(2"~2)-2 28 loa (2*- yo 1 x109194 )=2+Lieg,,16- 28 Q29 logo (lOGiq x) +1090 (LOds0 x* 930 log, (9* +9) =log, 3*(28-23*) Exercise 2 Single Correct Choice Type —t_, 1 _ log gabe log, abe has the value equal to wi @1 2 Oa Jog, (o99*-2) 2 The equation, log, (2x2) tog xx + Hog, 2x4 + 2eavalee8 has (A) Exactly one real solution (8) Two real solutions (©) 3 Real solutions (0) No solution, Q3 Number of zeros after decimal before a significant figure in (75): 301 and log,, 3= 0.477) ow (Use logy, 2 = (a20 19 (0) None Mathematics | 1.25 4 If 5x1°92? 4 39°92" = 162 then logarithm of x to the base 4 has the value equal to 2 Bl or (0) 3/72 —__?2 1 Vast-1 Veet ed 5 (itiosbne where x,> x,> x, then A) x 8) X% (2) Q6 Let x=2"% and y=3"% where base of the logarithm is 10, then which one of the following holds good? (2x 2)u(L2) 804 (9 (1) U(2) (0) None of these Q12 The set of all x satisfying the equation bar Palbnpt0_ Lig, 1 1 1 oa @ {oa} oct © fod} (inxy Quasi <1, then x belongs to: Ae Be) OG2e) — )0,3e) Multiple Correct Choice Type 2log,2 (1+log,2)" when simplified reduces to- Q14 The number N +logz2 (A) A prime number (®) An irrational number (©) Areal number is less than log,tt (0) A real which is greater than log,6 QAS The value of x satisfying the equation, 2h 82 =- Lis 1093 2 3 14283 @ digs (© 141093) “Tog? 209 33 eae (SEE-7) «6 EO) 1 then the value of x can be equal to- (ayo @) logy, 5 36 2 ( ———_ (D) log ——6 voa, (53-7) SES Assertion Reasoning Type (A) Statement is true, statement-il is true and statement-ll is correct explanation for statement-L (8) Statement is true, statementil is true and statement is NOT the correct explanation for statement (©) Statement-lis true, statementlis false (0) Statement-is false, statement is true ) is a meaningful Q17 Statement: og, cos(2 quantity only if x € (0, %4) U @/4, D). Because Mathematics | 1.29 Statement-E If the number N > 0 and the base of the logarithm b (greater than zero not equal to 1) both lie ‘on the same side of unity then log,N > 0 and if they ie ‘on different side of unit then log, N < 0. Q18 Statements: log, (2V17=2x) =1 +109, (x-1) has a solution. because ‘Statement-Il: Change of base in logarithms is possible, Q.19 Consider the following statements 1 begs(?-t) ‘Statement-E The equation 5 distinct real solutions. ‘Comprehension Type Paragraph 1: Equations of the form (i f (log,x) = 0, a> 0,a #1 and (i) g (log,A) = 0, A > 0, then Eq, () is equivalent to f() = 0, where t= 109,% If ty ty ty one are the roots of ft) = 0, then log,x= t, log, x= t x = t, and eq, (i) is equivalent to fly) = 0, where y log, [Link],. Yo Vy mov Yeare the root of fly) = 0, then log, A = Ya Ody A= Yr mores 1OGLA = Ye On the basis of above information, answer the following questions. Q20 The number of solution of the equation log! 10 -6log?10 + 110g, 10-6 -0 is: (Ao (8) 1 (C2 (3 Statement-I: a°%" —N when a> 0,a 4 Land N > 0. Match the Columns gat cohen come (The va ofr which the ada produc wa Rec ack cs aaa ee e910 25.5 0% rts han P(x) @7 (B) Let P(x) = x’ - 3x° + x Tx? +S and Q 2. The remainder of —— is not smaller than WW), (chen igh tangle wih ie nga bandcandacnomaliow Boe Trewocte [O70 Inger the sale eyo the anal pita bandee Nuch (V4 VB-2)(a@ +b¥F-c)=20Thenthevateottasb-ajienat | 27 ecualto a2 cohen comnts] (A) The expression x=log, log, \6+V6+V6+.n...00 simplifies to (p) An integer | 1) The umber N= ZH E-S nples warine | tia (0 The expesion 24 11 snpliieeto Anat ) The expr ibg,3 *iog,3” t09,,3 “es * (DA natural | (0) The numberN = fp V5=y6—3VE=14~6yS simplifies to (9) A composite

You might also like