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Steel Design Principles Explained

The document discusses the design principles of steel design according to the Allowable Strength Design (ASD) and Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) methods. For ASD, member selection ensures that applied loads do not exceed the allowable strength, which is the nominal strength divided by the factor of safety. For LRFD, design is based on failure at factored loads but safety under service loads, where the design strength is the nominal strength multiplied by a resistance factor and loads are factored. Both methods check that the required strength is less than or equal to the available or design strength according to specified equations while considering appropriate load combinations.

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8 views11 pages

Steel Design Principles Explained

The document discusses the design principles of steel design according to the Allowable Strength Design (ASD) and Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) methods. For ASD, member selection ensures that applied loads do not exceed the allowable strength, which is the nominal strength divided by the factor of safety. For LRFD, design is based on failure at factored loads but safety under service loads, where the design strength is the nominal strength multiplied by a resistance factor and loads are factored. Both methods check that the required strength is less than or equal to the available or design strength according to specified equations while considering appropriate load combinations.

Uploaded by

gingeersboy
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

DESIGN PRINCIPLES

OF STEEL DESIGN
Engr. John Ferry V. Dela Cruz, RCE, RMP
STEEL DESIGN PRINCIPLES
The design of a structural member entails the selection of a
cross section that will safely and economically resist the
applied loads. Economy means minimum weight — that is, the
minimum amount of steel.

Designs shall be made according to the provisions for


- Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD)
- Allowable Strength Design (ASD).
LIMIT STATES
Represent conditions that limit the usefulness of the member.
No applicable strength or serviceability limit state shall be
exceeded when the structure is subjected to all appropriate
load combinations such that:

𝑹𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒅 𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 ≤ 𝑨𝒗𝒂𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉


ALLOWABLE STRENGTH DESIGN (ASD)
Member selection such that properties prevent the maximum
applied loads under service load combinations to exceed an
allowable or permissible value (maintains an elastic behavior).

where:
NSCP Eq. 502.3-2 (ASD)
𝑹𝒂 = 𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒅 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏 𝑨𝑺𝑫 𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅
𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒃𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝐑𝐧 𝑹𝒏 = 𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏 𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒕 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆
𝐑𝐚 ≤ 𝛀 = 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒂𝒇𝒆𝒕𝒚 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏 𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒕 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆
𝛀 𝑅𝑛/Ω = 𝑎𝑣𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡h
ALLOWABLE STRENGTH DESIGN (ASD)
NSCP Eq. 502.3-2 (ASD)
𝐑𝐧
𝐑𝐚 ≤
𝛀
where:
𝑹𝒂 = 𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒅 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅
𝒐𝒏 𝑨𝑺𝑫 𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒃𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝑹𝒏 = 𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏
𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒕 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆
𝛀 = 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒂𝒇𝒆𝒕𝒚 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏
𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒕 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆
𝑅𝑛/Ω = 𝑎𝑣𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡h
LOAD AND RESISTANCE FACTOR DESIGN
(LRFD)
✓ Design based on failure at factored loads but safe under
service loads
✓ Design strength is nominal strength multiplied by a reduction
factor (resistance factor)
✓ Loads are factored to bring the members to its limit state

𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆:
NSCP Eq. 502.3-2 (LRFD) 𝑹𝒖 = 𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒅 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒆𝒅
𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒃𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝐑 𝒖 ≤ 𝛟𝑹𝒏 𝑹𝒏 = 𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏 𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒕 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆
𝝓 = 𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏 𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒕 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆
𝜙𝑅𝑛 = 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡h
LOAD AND RESISTANCE FACTOR DESIGN
(LRFD)
NSCP Eq. 502.3-1 (LRFD)

𝐑 𝒖 ≤ 𝛟𝑹𝒏
𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆:
𝑹𝒖 = 𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒅 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏
𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒆𝒅 𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒃𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝑹𝒏 = 𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏
𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒕 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆
𝝓 = 𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏
𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒕 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒆
𝜙𝑅𝑛 = 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡h
COMBINATION OF
LOADS

NSCP 2015
SECTION 203
LRFD LOAD COMBINATION NSCP 203.3.1
ASD BASIC LOAD COMBINATION
ASD ALTERNATE LOAD COMBINATION

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