Accounts Receivable Process Overview
Receivable
1. Definition of Terms.............................................................................................................................3
2. Purpose..............................................................................................................................................4
3. Scope.................................................................................................................................................4
4. Flow Diagram.....................................................................................................................................5
5. Procedures.........................................................................................................................................6
6. KPI & KPI RACI Matrix.......................................................................................................................8
7. Approvals...........................................................................................................................................9
8. Revision History...............................................................................................................................10
9. Appendix..........................................................................................................................................11
9.1 Appendix: Related documents.......................................................................................................11
1. Definition of Terms
Terms Definition
KPI Key Performance Indicator
RACI Responsible: The Responsible function is performing and completing the
task. The Responsible function is responsible for action/implementation.
Responsibility can be shared with other functions as indicated in the RACI
Matrix. The degree of responsibility is indicated by the function with “A”.
Informed: This is the individual who needs to be informed before or after the
decision or action is taken. They may be required to take action as a result
of the outcome. It is a one–way communication.
UoM Unit of Measure
Lead Time The time between the initiation and completion of the process activity
Processing Time The actual time it takes to execute an activity
BPM Business Process Management
2. Purpose
APQC
3. Scope
APQC
Process name Process Accounts Receivables
Process Number
9.2.3
(APQC Hierarchy ID)
Version 1.0
4. Flow Diagram
Page 5 of 113
5. Procedures
Process Summary
Input XXXXX
Process Name Process Accounts Receivable
Output XXXXX
Total process lead time XXXXX
Credit Control
RACI XXXXX
RACI XXXXX
Process APQC APQC
Department
SLAs
Activity PCF Hierarchy Process Activity Task Description (Lead
No. ID ID time)
RACI XXXXX
RACI XXXXX
Process APQC APQC
Department
SLAs
Activity PCF Hierarchy Process Activity Task Description (Lead
No. ID ID time)
RACI XXXXX
RACI XXXXX
Process APQC APQC
Department
SLAs
Activity PCF Hierarchy Process Activity Task Description (Lead
No. ID ID time)
RACI XXXXX
RACI XXXXX
Process APQC APQC
Department
SLAs
Activity PCF Hierarchy Process Activity Task Description (Lead
No. ID ID time)
6. Approvals
Overview:
Oracle Receivables provides integrated functionality to perform day-to-day accounts receivable operations. Receivables functionality
is managed from these Overview work areas: Billing, Receivables Balances, Revenue Management, and Credit Management.
All work areas provide access to general ledger account activities, including creating accounting, creating manual journal entries, and
reviewing journal entries.
Use the Billing work area to perform tasks related to customer billing activities. Monitor and review incomplete transactions, and
approve and research pending adjustments. Use AutoInvoice to import transactions from other systems and generate invoices and
credit memos automatically according to your requirements. You can review and correct AutoInvoice import errors and resubmit
AutoInvoice. Create new invoices, debit memos, credit memos, and on-account credit memos. Perform related activities to manage
your transactions: update, duplicate, credit, adjust, dispute, and preview a transaction. You can also create a new customer record
and manage existing customers from the Billing work area.
Use the Receivables Balances work area to perform tasks related to customer payment activities and the management of accounts
receivable balances. Review actionable items, including open receipts and receipt batches, unapplied and on-account receipts and
credit memos, receipt remittance batches, and funds transfer errors. Create receipts manually, import receipts using lockbox or
spreadsheet, or create automatic receipts. Perform related activities to manage your receipts: apply, unapply, reverse, delete; create
invoice adjustments or chargebacks during receipt application; and remit, clear, or risk eliminate factored receipts. You can manage
receipt remittances: create, modify, and approve receipt remittance batches. You can also perform tasks related to managing
accounts receivables balances, including reconciling receivables to the general ledger and managing receivables accounting period
statuses.
Revenue Management Work Area
Use the Revenue Management work area to perform tasks related to revenue recognition and revenue adjustments. Run the
Recognize Revenue program to generate revenue distribution records for invoices and credit memos that use invoicing and revenue
scheduling rules. Perform revenue adjustments on one or more transactions, including scheduling and unscheduling revenue;
reviewing, adding, and expiring revenue contingencies; and transferring sales credits. You can also manage revenue policies, revenue
contingencies, and rules that assign revenue contingencies to transactions automatically.
Use the Credit Management work area to create credit profiles for your customers. The credit profile contains key information for
establishing the creditworthiness of each of your customers, including credit classifications, credit limits, and credit review cycles.
Review and evaluate specific credit authorization requests; run periodic reviews of the creditworthiness of your existing customers;
review customer credit scores, and provide recommendations for customer credit. Build scoring models that calculate a credit score
based on credit data specific to a customer; maintain detailed information about customer financial and accounting history; and
create templates for different types of credit reviews that are automatically assigned to specific credit scenarios.
Customer Information
From either the Billing or Receivables Balances work area, you have access to manage both customer information and customer
account activities, in summary and in detail. You can review customer account information by a single business unit, bill-to site, or
across all business units and bill-to sites. For each customer account, you can review transactions and receipts, dispute and adjust
transactions, and drill down to current or historical customer account activity.
[Link].1 Simple Configuration to Operate Receivables:
You can create an operational Receivables environment with seven configurations. The remaining configurations are either
optional or have predefined values.
If applicable, your Receivables configuration must include a plan to migrate your customer information from your legacy
system.
When you run Create Receivables Accounting, the program accepts the default accounting information from auto
accounting without change and uses the predefined data to create accounting in the sub ledger. Sub ledger accounting
transfers the final accounting to General Ledger.
Note: You can optionally define your own sub ledger accounting rules to overwrite the default accounts from the
accounting events.
Receivables predefines one application in Sub ledger Accounting named Receivables. Most of the data that Receivables
predefines for Sub ledger Accounting is associated with the Receivables application.
This table shows the attribute values that Receivables predefines for the Receivables application:
[Link].3 Guidelines for Receivables System Option Settings
Certain Receivables system option settings have critical implications for the way Receivables functions for a given business unit. You
may need to do some advance planning before deciding how to set certain Receivables system options.
Salespersons
Header Level Rounding
Allow Change to Printed Transactions
Discounts
Salespersons
If you intend to use revenue accounting, you must enable the require salesperson Receivables system option. Revenue accounting
requires that you assign sales credits to all transactions that can be adjusted for either revenue or sales credits.
If you enable the require salesperson Receivables system option, use the Sales Credit Percent Limit field to limit the percentage of
revenue plus non-revenue sales credit that a salesperson can have on any transaction line.
If you do not enter a value in the Sales Credit Percent Limit field, then no sales credit limit validation is performed during revenue
accounting.
Header Level Rounding
Depending on the legal requirements of your home country, you may need to round amounts at the transaction header level for the
receivable account, and then account for and post the difference in a separate account between this rounded amount and the sum of
the rounded line amounts for the respective revenue accounts. To do this, enable the Use header level rounding option and define
a Header Rounding Account.
The rounding difference between the header level and line level rounding is assigned to the Header Rounding Account.
If you enable the Use header level rounding option, then Receivables displays a rounding distribution line for all transactions,
regardless of currency. If the transaction is in the ledger currency, then the amount of this line is zero.
If you do not enable the Use header level rounding option, Receivables rounds amounts at the line level and posts any rounding
difference to the receivable account.
Caution: Once you enable Header Level Rounding and save the Receivables system options record, you cannot disable the feature
for the applicable business unit.
To allow updates to transactions that have been printed, enable the Allow change to printed transactions option. This option also
determines whether you can update a customer address when printed, posted, or applied transactions are assigned to that address.
Note: You can't update a transaction if it has activity against it, regardless of how you set this option. Examples of activity include
payments, credit memos, adjustments, accounting, and assigning the transaction to a balance forward bill.
Discounts
To allow Receivables to accept unearned discounts, enable the Allow unearned discounts option. Unearned discounts are
discounts a customer takes after the discount period passes. The Receivables system options record is the only place that determines
whether you can accept unearned discounts for the given business unit.
To allow discounts to be taken for partial payments against open debit items, enable the Discount on partial payment option. A
partial payment is any payment less than the remaining amount due. If this option is enabled, you can still decide to disallow
discounts on partial payments at the transaction level when defining payment terms.
If you never allow discounts on partial payments, then do not enable the Discount on partial payment option.
Receivables compares each transaction against the revenue policy, and assigns revenue contingencies to the transaction or
transaction lines that deviate from the policy definitions.
Credit Classification
Use credit classifications to identify your high risk, noncredit worthy customers. You can assign up to three levels of risk. Receivables
compares these risk levels to the credit classification assigned to the customer profile.
When you enter or import a transaction for a customer with a credit classification that matches one of the credit classifications in the
revenue policy, Receivables:
Use the Refund Policy Threshold column to enter the standard refund period in days that you typically offer to your customers.
When you enter or import a transaction with a line associated with a contract, Receivables analyzes the contract details. If the
contract offers a refund period that exceeds the refund policy, Receivables:
Use the Payment Terms Threshold column to enter the maximum time in days before payment terms become extended.
When you enter or import a transaction with payment terms or an installment schedule that exceeds the payment terms policy,
Receivables:
Assigns the Extended Payment Terms contingency to the transaction.
Defers revenue on the entire transaction.
Recognizes revenue on the transaction only to the extent of payments received.
For example, you enter a payment terms threshold of 180 days on your revenue policy, and you later enter or import an invoice with
payment terms that have four installments:
Net 60
Net 90
Net 120
Net 200
Receivables defers the entire revenue amount on the invoice because the last installment exceeds the 180-day threshold by 20 days.
Related Topics
During payment processing, Receivables matches remittance reference information on receipts to open transactions, and
presents recommendations for which transactions to apply a given receipt. This recommendation process operates for
manual receipts, lockbox receipts, and receipts uploaded using a spreadsheet.
In general, Receivables generates recommendations rather than applying receipts automatically when there is a data entry
error, such as an incorrect invoice number, or when no transaction meets the minimum requirements for automatic receipt
application, as defined by your implementation.
[Link].1 PAYMENT TERMS MAINTENANCE:
The process used to add new Payment Term, edit or inactivate existing Payment Terms that
can be used for selection during invoice entry to schedule the receipt date
[Link].2 PROCESSING RECEIPTS STANDARD
Overview:
The process used to enter payments received from your customers in order to recognize
your current cash position.
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAMS FOR PROCESSING STANDARD RECEIPTS
Your Account Receivables Specialist can apply all or part of a receipt or on-account
credit memo to a single debit item or to several debit items. For example, a customer
may send a single check to pay all of one invoice and part of another invoice. The
customer may also have an on-account credit memo to use with the check to close an
open debit item.
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAMS FOR MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS:
[Link].4 PROCESS MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS
Your Accounts Receivables Specialist can issue manual refunds for both credit card and non-
credit card transactions. Depending on your implementation, you can also issue refunds for
overpayments on transactions. Accounts Specialist must ensure that before applying for refund
it must unapplied the receipt amount. While processing the refund user must ensure for the
following rules:
• It is not possible to refund more than either the original receipt amount or the remaining
unapplied amount.
• It is possible to only refund original receipts that were either remitted or cleared.
• It is not possible to issue a credit card refund unless the customer payment was made by
credit card.
Accounts Receivables Specialist submit the refund request, Accounts Payables generates a
payment
request to be paid to the customer back.
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAMS FOR REFUND
[Link] Apply Cash Remittance
Use the remittance method to determine the accounts to use for receipts that you create using the receipt method assigned to this
receipt class.
Standard
Use the remittance account for automatic receipts assigned to a receipt method with this receipt class.
Factoring
Use the factoring account for automatic receipts assigned to a receipt method with this receipt class.
Receivables selects receipts assigned to this receipt class for remittance regardless of the batch remittance method. In this case, you
can specify either of these remittance methods when creating your remittance batches.
No Remittance
For Manual receipts only. Remittance is not required for manual receipts assigned to this receipt class.
Clearance Methods
Use the clearance method to require receipts created using a receipt method assigned to this receipt class to be reconciled before
posting them to the general ledger cash account.
Directly
This method is for receipts that you do not expect to be remitted to the bank and subsequently cleared.
It is assumed that these receipts are cleared at the time of receipt entry and require no further processing.
By Automatic Clearing
Use this method to clear receipts using the Clear Receipts Automatically program.
Note: You can also clear receipts using this method in Cash Management.
By Matching
Remit receipts to your bank to initiate the transfer of payments from your customer bank accounts. You remit receipts
after your own internal approval, or approval and customer confirmation, if confirmation is required.
Standard Remittances
Factored Remittances
Settings for Remittance Batches
Standard Remittances
A standard remittance refers to the common practice of remitting receipts. You remit automatic receipts to your bank so that the
bank can transfer funds from customer bank accounts to your bank account on the receipt maturity date. You remit manual receipts
so that the bank credits your bank account when the customer check clears.
The remittance process initiates the transfer of payment for transactions that are paid by credit card or Electronic Funds Transfer
(EFT) for both direct debit and Automated Clearing House (ACH) bank account transfer.
Factored Remittances
A factored remittance is a sale of accounts receivable to your bank in exchange for cash. You remit receipts to your bank so that the
bank can lend you money against the receipts either before the maturity date for automatic receipts or before clearing for manual
receipts.
To factor receipts, you must identify the remittance method of the remittance batch as Factored. In addition, you can only factor
receipts assigned a receipt class with a remittance method of Factoring or Standard and Factoring.
After clearing factored receipts, Receivables creates a short term debt for the borrowed amount to track your liability in case of
customer default.
You can track your risk of customer default when you factor a receipt with your bank. In this case, Receivables creates a short-term
debt for the risk when the receipt is cleared. Run the Clear Receipts Automatically program to eliminate your risk on or after the
maturity date of your automatic receipts.
[Link].2 Remittance Bank Accounts on Receipt Methods
Define remittance bank account information for each receipt method assigned to a receipt class. Remittance bank account
information includes the general ledger accounts to use when you enter or apply receipts.
If you remit receipts in one currency only, you can enter more than one remittance bank account for a receipt method, but you must
mark one account as the primary bank account for the receipt method.
If you remit receipts in more than one currency for a receipt method, then you must enter at least one remittance bank account per
currency and mark one account per currency as primary.
During receipt entry and processing, Receivables uses the primary bank account as the default remittance bank account for the
receipt. You can accept this value or enter any other bank account defined for the receipt method in the same currency as the receipt.
Banks, branches and accounts fit together on the premise of the Bank Account model. The Bank Account model
enables you to define and keep track of all bank accounts in one place.
The Bank Account Model can explicitly grant account access to multiple business units, functions, and users. Consider
the following when you set up bank accounts:
Assign a unique general ledger cash account to each account, and use it to record all cash transactions for the
account. This facilitates book to bank reconciliation.
Grant bank account security. Bank account security consists of bank account use security, bank account access
security, and user and role security.
Account Use
Account Access
Payables and Receivables account access is secured by business unit. Before the bank account is ready for use by
Payables or Receivables, you must:
1. Select the appropriate use for the application.
2. Grant access to one or more business units.
Note: You can only assign access to the business units that use the same ledger as the bank accounts owning the legal
entity,
User and Role Security
You can further secure the bank account so that it can only be used by certain users and roles. The default value for
secure bank account by users and roles is No. For Payables and Receivables, you must have the proper business unit
assigned to access a bank account even if the secure bank account by users and roles is No. If the secure bank account
by users and roles is set to Yes, you must be named or carry a role assigned to the bank account to use it.
You must assign the security duty role Cash Management Administration to the Cash Manager job role to
provide access for setting up banks, branches, and accounts. You must have the assigned Manage Bank Account
Security privilege to modify the User and Role Security.
If you want to restrict the access to the Security tab, you must create a customized role and remove the privilege
Manage Bank Account Security. For example, you would copy the Cash Management Administration duty role,
rename it, and remove the privilege.
2- Click on go to Task
3- click + to create a new one
4-
Clearance Methods
Use the clearance method to require receipts created using a receipt method assigned to this receipt class to be reconciled
before posting them to the general ledger cash account.
Directly
This method is for receipts that you don't expect to be remitted to the bank and subsequently cleared.
It’s assumed that these receipts are cleared at the time of receipt entry and require no further processing.
By Automatic Clearing
Use this method to clear receipts using the Clear Receipts Automatically program.
Note: You can also clear receipts using this method in Cash Management.
By Matching
Select remittance method (it can be Standard, Factoring, Standard and Factoring and No remittance):
Standard
Use the remittance account for automatic receipts assigned to a receipt method with this receipt class.
Factoring
Use the factoring account for automatic receipts assigned to a receipt method with this receipt class.
Receivables selects receipts assigned to this receipt class for remittance regardless of the batch remittance method. In this
case, you can specify either of these remittance methods when creating your remittance batches.
No Remittance
For Manual receipts only. Remittance isn’t required for manual receipts assigned to this receipt class.
2- Enter receipt type, Currency, entered amount , receipt method, Receit Number
receipt and accounting date (it must be the same)
As you see unidentified cash because you don’t sepecify a customer name
Unapplied receipt means that you create an receipt and specify A customer Name but don’t apply it to any AR Transaction
1- Navigate to Account Receivable > Create Receipt
2- Enter receipt type, Currency, entered amount , receipt method, Receipt Number
receipt and accounting date (it must be the same)
As you see unapplied cash because you don’t apply it to a customer transaction
[Link].3.3 Create Applied Receipt
Unapplied receipt means that you create a receipt and specify A customer Name but you will apply it to any AR Transaction
2- Enter receipt type, Currency, entered amount , receipt method, Receipt Number
receipt and accounting date (it must be the same)
9- View Accounting
[Link].3.3 Create On Account Receipt
Unapplied receipt means that you create a receipt and specify A customer Name but you will apply it to on Account until you make
the transaction then reapply this receipt again to it
6- save Receipt
We will use in this first scenario reiept method with no remittance and directly as a clearance method
1- Navigate to Account Receivable > Create Receipt
2- Enter receipt type, Currency, entered amount , receipt method, Receipt Number
5- press Save
6- from Action choose post to ledger
7- save Receipt
8- Chosse Action > post to ledger
9- View Accounting
directly the deit account is debited to cash account as there is no any steps to clearnce and remittance
[Link].4.2 Scenario-2 Clearance by Matching
Overview:
the state of the receipt in this scenario is considerd as cleared when it’s a reconcile with a bank statement or manuly cleared
We will use in this second scenario reiept method with no remittance and clearance method is By matching
1- Navigate to Account Receivable > Create Receipt
2- Enter receipt type, Currency, entered amount , receipt method, Receipt Number
Choose AMD Check2 as a receipt method (No remiitance and clearance by matching)
3- speceify customer name
4- Submit and apply manually
We will use in this third scenario reiept method with Standard remittance method and clearance method is By matching
1- Navigate to Account Receivable > Create Receipt
2- Enter receipt type, Currency, entered amount , receipt method, Receipt Number
Choose AMD Check STD as a receipt method (No remiitance and clearance by matching)
3- Scroll down > speceify customer name
4- Submit and apply manually
22- view accounting: see that the remitted cash is debited and confirmed cash is Credited
23- From Navigator > go to Bank Statmnet and Reconcilation
to clear this AR Reecipt
24- Cretae bank statement :
you can create a new a bank statement and receoncile the Receipt
or you can open the existing Bank statement and eidt it to add a new statement Line
Open exisiting bank statement for the same bank accound and click on pencil to edit it
28- From the right side meanu > choose manual reconcilation
29- entered bank account and date then click on search
30- select bank statement line and the Receipt to reocniled it > then click on reconcile
31- click done
32- go back to receipt > accounts receivable
search back the receipt again > Manage Receipt









