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Medical Technology Licensure Exam Guide

This document provides formulas and calculations for clinical chemistry, clinical microscopy, and serous fluid computations. Some key formulas include calculations for molarity of hydrated salts, molality for diluting concentrated solutions, normality for relating grams of solute to volume of solution, and the Friedewald equation for calculating LDL from total cholesterol, HDL, and triglycerides. It also includes calculations for creatinine clearance, CSF cell counts and indices, specific gravity corrections, and distinguishing exudative fluids based on hematocrit levels.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
42 views10 pages

Medical Technology Licensure Exam Guide

This document provides formulas and calculations for clinical chemistry, clinical microscopy, and serous fluid computations. Some key formulas include calculations for molarity of hydrated salts, molality for diluting concentrated solutions, normality for relating grams of solute to volume of solution, and the Friedewald equation for calculating LDL from total cholesterol, HDL, and triglycerides. It also includes calculations for creatinine clearance, CSF cell counts and indices, specific gravity corrections, and distinguishing exudative fluids based on hematocrit levels.

Uploaded by

suratsherylliegh
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

FORMULA

CARDS
for the medical technology licensure exam
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY

HYDRATED SALT MOLARITY

g of hydrated salt mw of hydrated salt grams of solute


liters solution
salt
g of anhydrous mw of anhydrous salt molecular
weight x
of

DILUTE SOLUTION TO CONCENTRATED SOLUTION MOLALITY

volume of -
total volume amountof solute
one part parts ofAt parts ofB 1
kg of given solvent

AND CONCENTRATION
VOLUME NORMALITY

C,V, (zVz
=

grams of solute
owx volume
of solution (1)
CONCENTRATION AND ABSORBANCE GEW:molecular
*

weight:valence
concentration of unknown absorbance of unknown
concentration of standard absorbance of standard PERCENT SOLUTION

SOLUTION:grams of solute
.

- 100
DILUTION volume of solution (m))
amount of solute
amount
of solute + amount ofdilvent
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY

OSMOLALITY FRIEDEWALD SQUATION


1.86 Na+glucose + BUN + 9 -Total Cholesterol -

HDL-VLDL
18 2.8 VIDL
*

TAO
2 Na+glucose I BUN mg dL
20 3
↑Ro
mmol L
2.175
NORMAL: 275-295mOsm Kg I don'tuse TAG
if 400mg/dL
OSMOLAL GAP TEMPERATURECONVERSIONS
0r-measuredOsmolality calculated osmolality ·k 0 273
=
+

of (0)x1.8) 32
=
+

ANION GAP (95) 32


=
+

AG Na -(C1
=

H(03)
+
·c (7 32) x0.556
=
-

AG (Na 1) ((1 H(03)


=
+ - +
=
(07 32)
-
x 59

pH pOH
and BODY MASS INDEX

pH 10g[H+] BM1=Weight
(19)
=
-

pOH--log [OH-] height in m2

pH pOH
+
14
=
CLINICAL MICROSCOPY

CREATININE CLEARANCE CSF COMPUTATION

UV if body surface is NOT1.73m2: CLARITY DILUTION


P with 1.73 SLIGHTLY HAZY
multiply Area 1:10

HAZY 1:10

SPECIFIC GRAVITY CORRECTION SLIGHTLY CLOUDY 1:100

URINOMETER REFRACTOMETER SPECIFIC GRAVITY CLOUDY SLIGHTLY CLOUDY 1:200

CHOx 0.004 CHOx 0.004 NO BLOODY TURBID 1:10,000


CHON
CORRECTION
CHONx 0.003 x 0.003

dilution
-
multiply for every gram added
cells, no.
of cells x
factor
TEMPERATURECORRECTION FOR URINOMETER no.
of squaresxarea x depth
TEMP:10°C
BASE

3") SERUM ALBUMIN INDEX


CSF
So,
every
wore
away from 20°C, we
add subtract
0.001 ALBUMIN:ISF
CSS albumin

WARM:add Serum albumin

COLD:subtract REFERENCERANGE
<9 Intact Blood Brain Barrier
REMEMBER:Specific using
Bravity
=

Reagent tip:NO CORRECTION NEEDED 9-14 SlightImpairment


=

14-30 moderate
=

>30:severe
CLINICAL MICROSCOPY

CSF 1g6 INDEX SEROUS FLUID COMPUTATIONS


CSF
196:serum 196 If pleural fluid HCT >50.. of HgB ACT:HEMOTHORAX

ISFAlbumin:Serum Albumin pleural fluid


If <50: Whole
of Blood ACT:HEMORRHAGIC
EXUDATE
REFERENCE
0.70 196 production is within CNS
=

PERITONEAL FLUID

SPERM CONCENTRATION pericordial LD

cells dilution factor Pecural CHON


no. of
cells
x
-

Peritoneal
no.
of squares used x areax depth SAAS

Serum-Ascitic Albumin Gradient


SPERM COUNT REFERENCE
SPERM CONCENTRATION x
VOLUME SAAG>, 1.1:TRANSUDATE
value:per
ejaculate SAAG < 1.1:[XUDATE

· If standard dilution
is used (1:20] justmultiply sprm
cells
by1,000,000 ifSRB)
squares are used and

multiply sperm cells by 2RB)


100,000 if squares
are used.
HEMATOLOGY

NEUBAUER HEMOCYTOMETER SHORTCUTS FOR CELL COUNTING


ARSA OFEACH SQUARE:Imm ONLY USE
IF:

TOTAL AREA 9mm2


: RBC:1:200 dilution
in SRB)
squares
DEPTH :0.1mm WBC:1:20 dilution
in 4RBC
squares
VOLUME ·0.9mm3 in
PL:1,200 dilution 25 RBC
squares
OR 1 center
square
NO. OF
AREAACHSQUARE
DEPTH SQUARES TOTAL AREA (ELL SHORTCUT

WBC Imm 0.1mm 4 4mm2 RBC #x10,000

RBC 0.04mm 0.1mm 5 0.2mm2 WBC #x 50

PLT
0.04mm
imm
0.1mm 25 Imm2 PLT #x 2000

cells counted x dilution factor


cell
cells

mins
convention
no.
of squares area x
x
depth CORRECTEDWBC COUNT

correct ADULTS>,5 NRBCs


units
:only if
COUNT CONVENTIONAL SIUNIT NEWBORNS >, 10 NRBCs
RBC 100 mm OR x10" UL x10" CORRECTEDWBC no. 100
WBCs x
x L =

of
WBC x 103 mm3 ORx103 vL x109L RBCs 100
+

PLT 103
x mm? OR x103 vL 109
x L
HEMATOLOGY

DIFFERENTIAL COUNTING CORRECTED RETICULOCYTE


COUNT

ABSOLUTE
COUNT CR) 1reticulocytes
=
xpatient's HCT

absolute count relative count


- x total WBC count 45
RELATIVE
COUNT

relative count:
absolute count RETICULOCYTEPRODUCTION INDEX
X 100
total WBC RPI=CORRECTED RETICULOCYTE
COUNT

MATURATION TIME
RETICULOCYTES REFERENCE

of reticulocytes RP1 3:ADEQUATE BONE


MARROW RESPONSE
I
reticulocytes no.
=

100
x
>

1000 RBCS RPI < 2:INADEQUATE BONE


MARROW RESPONSE

ABSOLUTERETICULOCYTE
COUNT HCT(L/L) MATURATION TIME

reticulocytes 1.0
=

0.40 -0.45
DRC = rbc x
x 1000
100 0.35 -0.39 1.5

0.25 -

0.34 2. O

0.15-0.24 2.5

<0.15 3.O
HEMATOLOGY

RED BLOOD CELL INDICES REFERENCE


MEAN CELL VOLUME
80-100fL normocytic
HCT <80 >100
X 10
microcytic macrocytic
RBC

MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN


. . .

HB
x 10
RBC

MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION 32-36% normochromic

HB <32% >36%
x 100 1.)
hypochromic hyperchromic
HCT

RULE OF
THREE RETICULOCYTES (MILLER DISK)
conly to
applies normochromic, normocytic cells)
HEMOGLOBIN:RBC count x 3 (gdL) 190f SQUARE A
HEMATOCRIT Hemoglobin x3(11) 3:
- small (B):RBCs A
=

large (A):Retics B

reticulocytes (A) 100%


x
rbCs(B) 9
x
SEROLOGY

DILUTION RATIO

volume ofsample
volume ofsample volume of dilvent

·
said
when its "dilation"in problem, its
the
total volume
already
·when"dilution
factor"isasked, justreciprocate
1:10 or 10
e.g.:dilution =

dilution factor 101, 10


-

TWO STEP DILUTION

1 DILUTION1 x
DILUTION 2:DILUTION FACTOR

2 DILUTION FACTORY ANALYTE


CONCENTRATION:FINAL
CONCENTRATION
BLOOD BANK

BLOOD DONOR
--Kg x 2.2 IDS
=

volume to collect - donor's weight in


lig 450mL
x
50

reduced volume of volume to collect RhIG COMPUTATION


X 63
anticoagulant 450 1 FFTAL CELLS

amount of solution
63-reduced volume of anticoagulant
=
% fetal cells containing Abf
100
X
to remove all cells counted
2 SETAL MATERNAL HEMORRHAGE
BLOOD COMPONENT no.
of fetal cells maternal blood
x volume
lunit PRB)=1 to 1.5gIdL Hemoglobin no.
of maternal cells
3%. Hematocrit
phoncut:1fetal cells x 50:fMH
=

3 FMA =30 or
depending on what is
15

RANDOM DONOR PLATE LET stated the problem. If


at
nothing was
1 unit RDP=5,000 to 10,000 specified, use 30
to units given
-multiply 4 DECIMAL
this itused:PLATELETPOOL
use
if <.5:round down
3.5:round up
SINGLE DONOR PLATELET 5 ALWAYS ADD 1
1 unit SDP:30,000 to 60,000 ·
#4
answer in +1
-

to units
given
-multiply
used:APHERESIS
if
>use this it

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