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Using the Energy Balance
2.34 Each line in the following table gives information about a
process of a closed system. Every entry has the same energy
units. Fill in the blank spaces in the table.
Process Q W Ey E, AE
a +50 —20 +50
b +50 +20 +20
c —40 +60 +20
d —90 +50 0
e +50 +20 —100
2.35 Aclosed system of mass 5 kg undergoes a process in which
there is work of magnitude 9 kJ to the system from the sur-
roundings. The elevation of the system increases by 700 m
during the process. The specific internal energy of the system
decreases by 6 kJ/kg and there is no change in kinetic energy
of the system. The acceleration of gravity is constant at g = 9.6
m/s’, Determine the heat transfer, in KJ.
2.36 A closed system of mass 20 kg undergoes a process in
which there is a heat transfer of 1000 kJ from the system to
the surroundings. The work done on the system is 200 kJ. If
the initial specific internal energy of the system is 300 kJ/kg,
what is the final specific internal energy, in kJ/kg? Neglect
changes in kinetic and potential energy. 2.47 The following table gives data, in kJ, for a system under-
going a thermodynamic cycle consisting of four processes in
series. For the cycle, kinetic and potential energy effects can
be neglected. Determine
(a) the missing table entries, each in kJ.
(b) whether the cycle is a power cycle or a refrigeration
cycle.
Process AU Q Ww
1-2 600 —600
2-3 — 1300
3-4 —700 0
41 500 700 Weyete = Qour ~ Qin
| Weyete = Qin ~ Qour
1
(a) (b)
A Figure 2.15 Schematic diagrams of two important classes of
cycles. (a) Power cycles. (b) Refrigeration and heat pump cycles.
2.50 Fora power cycle operating as in Fig. 2.15a, the heat trans-
fers are Q;, = 50 kJ and Q,y, = 35 kJ. Determine the net work,
in kJ, and the thermal efficiency.
2.51 The thermal efficiency of a power cycle operating as
shown in Fig. 2.15a is 35%, and Qoy, = 40 MJ. Determine the
net work developed and the heat transfer Q,,, each in MJ.