HISTORY NOTES

CH-2 from Hunting –Gathering to growing food

I. DEFINE
1. Sites- Sites are places where remains of things (tools, pots, buildings etc) are
found.
2. Domestication- The process in which people grow plants & look after their
animals.
3. Microliths- A small sized tool which the people of Mesolithic age started using.

II. FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. In Burzahom people built pit houses which were dug into the ground..
2. Domestication began about 12000 years ago.
3. Remains of square or rectangular houses were found in Mehrgarh.
4. Archaeologist call the earliest period as Palaeolithic period.
5. The ceremony when a dead body is put into the ground is called Burial.

III. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING

Q1. Distinguish between Palaeolithic period and Neolithic period.
Ans PALAEOLITHIC PERIOD -
1. Man gathered food. 2. Man lived in caves. 3. He made crude tool. 4.
Discovered the use of fire. 5. Nomadic life.

NEOLITHIC PERIOD-
1. Man produced food. 2. Man made huts. 3. He made better tool. 4.
Invention of the wheel. 5. Settled life.
Q2. Why did the hunter gatherers travel from place to place?
Ans • When hunter gatherers faced scarcity of food, they moved to other
places where they could find more food easily.
• As animals moved from place to place in search of smaller prey, those who
hunted them had to follow their movements.
• Plants and trees bear fruits in different seasons. So, people may have moved
from season to season in search of different kinds of plants.
• People had to go in search of water to other places during the dry season.
• People may have travelled to meet their friends and relatives.

Q3. List three ways in which hunter gatherer used fire.

Ans The fire would have been used in many ways.
• As a source of light
• To cook meat
• To scare away animals.

IV. TEXT BOOK EXERCISE Complete the sentence:

(a) Hunter-gatherers chose to live in caves and rock shelters because they
protect themselves from rain, heat, wind and animals.
(b) Grasslands developed around 12,000 years ago.
 INTERNATIONAL INDIAN SCHOOL
RIYADH
CLASS-6 HISTORY
CH-8 ASHOKA, THE EMPEROR WHO
GAVE UP WAR

I. Define the following:

1. Dhamma- Dhamma is a prakrit word for the
Sanskrit term “dharma”.
2. Tribute- Tribute was collected as and when
it was possible from people who gave up a
variety of things, more or less willingly.
3. Dynasty- When members of the same
family become rulers one after another, the
family is called dynasty.
4. Edicts- Orders issued by a ruler.
 II. Fill in the blanks:

1. Bindusara was the second ruler of Mauryan

Dynasty.
2. Ashoka was inspired by the teachings of Lord
Buddha.
3. The Great Wall of China is about 6400 km long.
4. The area around Pataliputra was under the
direct control of the emperor.
5. Ashoka was the most famous Mauryan ruler

III. Answer the following:

Q1. What were the problems that Ashoka wanted to
solve by introducing Dhamma?
Ans. The problems that Ashoka wanted to solve by
introducing dhamma were-
1. People in the empire followed different religion and
this sometimes led to conflict.
2. Animals were sacrificed.
3. Slaves and servants were ill-treated.
4. There were quarrels in families and amongst
neighbours
 Q2. What were the means adopted by Ashoka to
spread the message of dhamma?
Ans The means adopted by Ashoka to spread the
message of dhamma are---
1. He appointed officials known as “dhamma
mahamatta”.
2. Teachings of “dhamma” were engraved on
rocks and pillars.
3. Edicts telling about “dhamma” were placed
in different parts of empire.
4. Ashoka sent messengers to spread ideas
about “dhamma” to other lands such as
Syria, Egypt, Greece and Srilanka.

Q3. Write the effects of Kalinga war on Ashoka.

Ans. 1. Ashoka became a peace-loving person
or a pacifist.
2. He emphasized the policy of Ahimsa or
non-violence
IV. Textbook Exercise: (Answers)

 Complete the following sentences:

(a) taxes
(b) governors
(c) roads and rivers
(d) forest produce (elephants, timber, honey
and wax)

 State whether true or false:

(a) False
(b) False
(c) False
(d) True

V. Worksheet:
 CHAPTER -4
MAP

Define-
Map- A map is a representation or drawing of the earth’s
surface or a part of it drawn on a flat surface according to a scale.

Answer the following questions-

Q 1- What are the three components of the map?
Ans- Distance, Directions and Symbols.

Q 2- What are the four cardinal directions?

Ans – East , West , North & South

Q 3- What do you mean by the term “the scale of the map’?

Ans- Scale is the ratio between the actual distance on the ground
& the distance shown on the map.

Q 4-How are the maps more helpful than a globe?

Ans- 1- Globe can be helpful when we want to study the earth as
a whole.
2- When we want to study only a part of the earth like
countries, district, state, town etc then we need a map.
3- Maps provide detailed information than a globe.
Q 5 – Distinguish between a map and a plan.
Ans
MAP - 1- A map shows large area on a small scale
2- Map shows only important features
3- Map gives a general idea of the area to be studied.
PLAN - 1- A plan shows small area on a large scale.
2- It provides detailed information.
3 – Plan gives the clear idea of the area to be studied.

Q 6 – Which map provide detailed information?

Ans – Large Scale Map .

Q 7 – How do symbols help in reading map?

Ans- 1- Symbols give a lot of information in a limited space.
2- With the use of symbols maps can be drawn easily and
are simple to read.
3- If we don’t know the language of an area, then we can
collect information from the map with the help of symbols.
 FILL IN THE BLANKS-

1- A globe can be useful when we want to study the earth as a

whole.
2- Maps provide more information than a globe.
3- Compass is an instrument to find the directions.
4- Internationally agreed symbols are called as Conventional
Symbols.
5- Large Scale map give more information than a small scale
map.

Textbook exercises
TICK THE CORRECT ANSWER-
1- Thematic map
2- Water Bodies
3- To find the main direction
4- For a map
 INTERNATIONAL INDIAN SCHOOL RIYADH
CLASS-6 GEOGRAPHY
CH-5 MAJOR DOMAINS OF THE EARTH
I. Define the following:

1. Global warming- Increase in the amount of carbon dioxide

due to the burning of fuel, excessive deforestation has led to
an increase in global warming. temperature

II. Name the following:

1. A narrow passage of water connecting two water bodies. -

-------------------- strait
Isthmus
2. Narrow strip of land joins two land masses.-
Strait Isthmus
3. Strait between India and Srilanka.-
Palk Strait
4. Smallest continent-
Australia
5. Indian research station in Antarctica. -
Maitri and Dakshin Gangotri

III. Answer the following:

Q1. What are the four major domains of the earth?
Ans. 1. Lithosphere
2. Atmosphere
3. Hydrosphere
4. Biosphere
 Q2. Name the major continents of the earth.
Ans 1. Asia
2. Europe
3. Africa
4. North America
5. South America
6. Australia
7. Antarctica

Q3. Name the two continents that lie entirely in the Southern
Hemisphere.
Ans. The two continents that lie entirely in the Southern
Hemisphere are Australia and Antarctica.

Q4. Name the different layers of atmosphere.

Ans. 1. Troposphere
2. Stratosphere
3. Mesosphere
4. Thermosphere
5. Exosphere
Q5. Why is the earth called the “blue planet”?
Ans. The earth is called a blue planet because more than 71% of the
earth is covered with water.
Q6. Why is the Northern Hemisphere called the Land Hemisphere?
Ans. The northern hemisphere is called the land hemisphere because the
greater part of the land mass lies in the northern hemisphere.

Q7. Why is the Biosphere important for living organisms?

Ans. 1. The biosphere is the narrow zone where life exist.
2. There are several species of organisms that vary in size from
microbes and bacteria to huge mammals.
IV. Textbook Exercise:

V. Worksheet:
 INTERNATIONAL INDIAN SCHOOL RIYADH
CLASS-6 GEOGRAPHY
CH-7 OUR COUNTRY INDIA
I. Define the following:

1. Peninsula- The peninsula is a piece of land that is

surrounded by water on three sides.
2. Delta-It is an area of land formed at the mouth of the river
and it is triangular in shape.

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. Narmada and Tapi are the west flowing rivers.

2. Smallest state in India is Goa.
3. Tsunami is the huge wave generated due to the earthquake
on the sea floor.
4. Srilanka and Maldives are the island neighbours of India.
5. Sunderbans delta is the world’s largest delta formed by the
Ganga and Brahmaputra.

III. Answer the following:

Q1. Name the major physical divisions of India.
Ans. The major physical divisions of India are: -
1. The Great mountains of the North.
2. The Northern Indian plains.
3. The Great Indian desert.
4. The Peninsular plateau.
5. The Coastal plains.
6. The group of Islands.
Q2. India shares its land boundaries with seven countries.
Name them.
Ans. India shares boundaries with seven countries. They are: -
1. Afghanistan
2. Pakistan
3. Nepal
4. China
5. Bhutan
6. Bangladesh
7. Myanmar

Q3. Which two major rivers fall into the Arabian Sea?
Ans. The two major rivers that fall into the Arabian Sea are
Narmada and Tapi.
Q4. Name the delta formed by the Ganga and the Brahmaputra.
Ans. Sundarbans Delta.

Q5. How many States and Union Territories are there in India?
Which states have a common capital?
Ans. There are 28 states and 8 Union Territories in India.
Punjab and Haryana have a common capital Chandigarh.

Q6. Why do a large number of people live in the Northern plains?

Ans.1. Plains are very fertile.
2. More flat land available for farming.
 3. Construction of transport network is easy in plains.

Q.7. Why is Lakshadweep known as coral Island?

Ans. Lakshadweep is known as coral islands because it is covered with
coral deposits.

IV. Textbook Exercise: (Answers)

 Tick the correct answers:

(a) Shiwaliks
(b) Western Ghats
(c) India and Sri lanka
(d) Lakshadweep Islands
(e) Aravalli hills

 Fill in the blanks:

(a) 3.28 million [Link]
(b) Himadri
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Arabian Sea
(e) Tropic of Cancer.

V. Worksheet:
 SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE
CHAPTER-3 WHAT IS GOVERNMENT

I. Fill in the blanks:

1- In a democracy it is the people who gives the government the power to
make the decision and enforce laws
2- . - Rule by the people is called Democracy.
3- - In a democracy people elect their rulers through election.
4- - Universal Adult Franchise means all the adult in a country are allowed to
vote.
5- - Election are held after every 5 years.

II. Question and Answer:

Q.1- What do you understand by the word government? list five ways
in which you think the government affects your daily life.
A.1- A group of people administrating a village or a state or a country is
called a government.
1) By providing essential services. Eg-Railway and Postal services.
2) By providing good health services.
3) By providing justice to the people.
4) By supplying electricity.
5) By ensuring all its citizens have enough food to eat.
Q.2- Why do you think the government needs to make rules in form of
laws?
A.2- 1) The government makes the laws and has the power to enforce
its decisions.
2) Everyone who lives in the country has to follow these rules. Without
laws there will be confusion in the country.
Q.3-Name three essential features of democratic government?
A.3-1) Universal Adult Franchise.
2) It is ruled by the people.
3) People have their power to elect their leaders.__________________
Q.4-What was the suffrage movement? What did it accomplish?
A.4-When the poor woman, property less and uneducated were not
allowed to vote their struggle to get the right to vote is called suffrage
movement. As a result people got right to vote.____________________
Q.5- Differentiate between Democracy and Monarchy.
A.5-
DEMOCRACY MONARCHY
1. People choose their The government is run by a King
government. or Queen.
2. People take decisions and The king or queen takes decisions
make laws through their and makes laws.
elected representatives.
3. The representatives are The king or queen is not
answerable and accountable answerable to the people
to the people.
4. Citizens have the freedom to The people do not have the
criticize government policies. freedom to defy the King or
Queen.
5. E.g. - India E.g. - Saudi Arabia
 SPL .Ch.6 RURAL ADMINISTRATION
[Link] IN THE BLANKS:
1. All states in India are divided into Districts.
2. The Patwari maintains and updates the land records of the village.
3. Tehsildars supervise the work of Patwari.
4. Head of district is District collector.
5. The person who is in charge of a police station is called
Station House Officer (SHO).
6. The revenue officer in the district is known as Tehsildar.
B. Q/A
[Link] is the work of the police ?
Ans.1) [Link] maintain law and order in its area.
2. To register cases of theft ,accident, injury, fight etc.
3. To enquire , to investigate and take action on the cases within its area.
[Link] two things that the work of a Patwari includes.
Ans.2) [Link] measure land and keep land records.
[Link] collect land revenue, maintain and update the records of the village.
[Link] is the work of a Tehsildar?
Ans.3) [Link] supervise the work of the patwari.
[Link] hear disputes regarding land.
[Link] make sure that farmers can obtain a copy of the land records.
[Link] is in charge of all the police stations in a district?
Ans.4) The Superintendent of Police is in charge of all the police stations in a district.
[Link] do women benefit under the new law ?
Ans.5) Under the new law sons, daughters and their mothers can get an equal share in the land
.
 SPL .CH.7 URBAN ADMINISTRATION
[Link] IN THE BLANKS :
1. Administrative body in a big city is called Municipal Corporation.
2. Administrative body in a small town is called Municipal Council or Municipality.
3. Head of the Municipal Corporation is Mayor.
4. Head of the Municipal Council or Municipality is Chairman .
B.Q/A:
Q.1. List four things in which the work of the Municipal Corporation affects the
life of a city dweller.
Ans 1) 1. By cleaning and lighting up the street.
2. Supply of safe drinking water.
3. It runs schools, hospitals, dispensaries .
4. Garbage collection.
Q.2. Who is a Municipal Councillor ?
Ans.2) A Municipal Councillor is an elected representative of a ward. He is also
known as ward councillor.
Q.3. How does the Municipal Corporation earn the money to do its work?
Ans.3) Municipal corporation earns the money to do its work by collecting several
types of taxes .They include:
1. Property tax
2. Water tax
3. Entertainment tax
4. Education tax
SPL , TEXT BOOK [Link].59 FILL IN THE BLANKS.
Ans .1 Panch [Link] [Link] [Link] city [Link] [Link].
 HISTORY
Kingdom, kings and an Early republic
Define-

1. Fortification- Construction of huge walls of wood, bricks or stone around the

capital city.

2. Varnas- Division of society on the basis of birth or occupation.

3. Kingdom- A state where the head of the state was hereditary.

Question and answers-
Q 1- Who were the members who could not participate in the assembly of
Gana?
Ans- The women, dasas and kamakaras could not participate in the assembly of
ganas.
Q 2-Why did the rajas of Mahajanapadas build fort?
Ans- 1-To protect their kingdom from the attack of other kings.
2- To show power and richness to others.

3- To control the people and land inside the fortified area more easily.

Q 3- In what ways are present day election different from the ways in which
rulers were chosen in Janapadas.
Ans-1- At present all adults elect their rulers through election. In janapadas the
office of rajas was hereditary.
2- Present day people are participating in the election .In janapadas people
didn’t have the right to choose their rulers.
Fill in the blanks-
a- The first ruler of Magadha was Bhimbisara.
b- The priest divided the society in to four groups called as varnas.
c- Janapadas means the land where the jana set its foot.
d- Rajagriha in Bihar was the capital of Magadha for several years.
 HISTORY CH.4 IN THE EARLIEST CITIES (NOTES)
[Link] IN THE BLANKS :
1 .The Great Bath was built in Mohenjodaro .
2 .Craft persons were making all kinds of things either in their homes or in
a special workshop .
3 .The bodies of the king were buried in pyramids.
4 .The city of Lothal stood besides the tributary of Sabarmati in Gujarat.
5. The impression of seal is called sealing.
[Link]:
[Link] MATERIALS :Raw materials are substances that are either found
naturally (such as wood, or ores of metals ) or produced by farmers or
herders.
[Link]: Seals are used to stamp bags or packets contain goods that were
sent from one place to another.
[Link]: A specialist is a person who is trained to do only one kind of
work. [Link] or goldsmith .
C .Q/A
[Link] do archaeologists know that cloth was used in the Harappan
civilization?
[Link] was probably grown at Mehrgarh from about 7000 years
[Link] pieces of cloth were found attached to the lid of a flower vase
and some copper objects at Mohenjodaro . Archaeologists have also
found spindle whorls , made of terracotta and faience .These were used
to spin thread.
[Link] were metals,writing,the wheel and the plough important for the
Harappans?
Ans.2.A)Metals: Copper, bronze, gold and silver were used to make tools ,
weapons , ornaments etc.
B) Writing: Scribes helped to prepare seals and wrote on it.
C) Wheel: People used wheels for making pottery and carts for
transportation. Wheels helped the farmers in the field.
D) Plough : It was used to dig the earth for turning the soil and planting
seeds.
[Link] THE COLUMNS:
TEXT BOOK Pg.42
Ans. Copper _____ Rajasthan
Gold _________Karnataka
Tin _________Afghanistan
Precious stones ____Gujarat