VSA Type Questions (One Mark):

1. Name and state the law which is kept in mind while we balance a chemical equation.
Answer. Law of conservation of mass. Mass can neither be created nor be destroyed during a chemical reaction
2. What is meant by a chemical reaction?
Answer: The reaction representing a chemical change is called a chemical reaction.
3. Why is respiration considered an exothermic reaction? Explain.
Answer: In human beings, energy is obtained from the food that we eat. Glucose combines with oxygen in the cells
and provides energy. The special name of this combustion reaction is respiration. Since energy is released in the
whole process, it is an exothermic process.
4. Why do we store silver chloride in dark coloured bottles?
Answer: Silver chloride on exposure to sunlight may decompose as per the following reaction.
2AgCl → 2Ag + Cl2
Therefore, it is stored in dark colored bottles.
5. What happens when an iron nail is put inside the copper sulphate solution? Write a reaction with observation.
Answer: Iron nail turns brown, blue color of CuSO4 changes to colorless. (or light green) Fe(s)+CuSO4(aq) →
FeSO4(aq)-+Cu(s)
SA Type Questions (Two Marks):
1. List four observations that help us to determine whether a chemical reaction has taken place.
Answer: The observations that help us to determine whether a chemical reaction has taken place are: 1.
Evolution of a gas 2. Change in temperature 3. Formation of precipitate 4. Change in colour
2. Translate the following statements into chemical equations and balance them. (i) Hydrogen sulphide reacts with
sulphur dioxide to form sulphur and water. (ii) Methane on burning combines with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide
and water.
Answer: (i) 2H2S + SO2 → 3S + 2H2O (ii) CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O
3. What is a combination reaction? State one example giving balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
Answer: A combination reaction is said to have occurred when two or more than two substances combine to
form a single substance. CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + Heat
4. What do you mean by a precipitation reaction? Give an example.
Answer: A reaction in which an insoluble solid (called precipitate) is formed is called a precipitation reaction.
For example : Na2CO3(s) + CaCl2(s) → CaCO3 (s)↓ + 2NaCl (aq) Sodium carbonate + Calcium chloride
→Calcium Carbonate + Sodium chloride In this reaction, calcium carbonate is obtained as a precipitate.
Hence, it is a precipitation reaction.
5. What does one mean by exothermic and endothermic reactions? Give examples.
Answer: Chemical reactions that release energy in the form of heat are called exothermic reactions.
Example: Sodium oxide dissolves in water to form sodium hydroxide and releases large amount of energy.
Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH + Energy Reactions that absorb energy or require energy in order to proceed are
called endothermic reactions. Example: Combination of nitrogen and oxygen to form nitric oxide. N2 + O2 +
Heat → 2NO
6. Identify the type of reaction(s) in the following equations. (i) CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O (ii) Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI → PbI2
+ 2KNO3 (iii) CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 (iv) CuSO4 + Zn → ZnSO4 + Cu
Answer: (i)Combustion reaction and oxidation reaction. (ii)Double displacement reaction and precipitation reaction.
(iii)Combination reaction. (iv)Displacement reaction.
7. When Hydrogen gas is passed over heated copper (II) oxide, copper and steam are formed. Write the balanced
chemical equation with physical states for this reaction. State what kind of chemical reaction is this?
Answer: This is a Redox reaction.

****
SA Type Questions (Three Marks):
1. Define the term decomposition reaction. Give one example of each of thermal decomposition and electrolytic
decomposition.
Answer: In a decomposition reaction, a compound is broken into smaller chemical species. These are the
reaction in which one reactant gives two or more products after a reaction. These reactions are just opposite of
chemical combination reactions.
i. Thermal Decomposition: Decomposition takes place by heat.

*****

ii. Electrolytic decomposition or electrolysis: Decomposition takes place by electricity. Example, electrolysis of
aluminium oxide 2Al2O3 → 4Al + 3O2 2.
[Link] the following in terms of gain or loss of oxygen with two examples each. (i) Oxidation (ii) Reduction
Answer: (i) 4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s) 2Cu + O2 → 2CuO Oxidation is the gain of oxygen. In the above examples, both
Na and Cu gains oxygen and get oxidised. (ii)Reduction is loss of oxygen. CO2 + H2 → CO + H2O CuO (s) + H2(g) →
Cu(s) + H2O (l) In the above reactions, carbon dioxide and CuO lose oxygen.
2. State the type of chemical reactions and chemical equations that take place in the following: (i) Magnesium wire
is burnt in air. (ii) Electric current is passed through water. (iii) Ammonia and hydrogen chloride gases are mixed.
3. Answer: (i) It is combination reaction. 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO (s) (ii) It is an electrolytic decomposition reaction.
2H2O(l) 2H2(g) + O2(g) (iii) It is a combination reaction. NH3(g) + HCl (g) → NH4Cl(s)
4. What is observed when carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water. (i) For a short duration (ii) For a long
duration
Ans. (i) When carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water for a short duration, lime water turns milky. The
milkiness is due to the formation of white precipitate of calcium carbonate which is insoluble in water. The
reaction can be given as: Ca(OH)2 (aq) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s) + H2O(l)
(ii) When carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water for a long duration, a clear solution is obtained. It is
due to the fact that when carbon dioxide is passed for long duration, the insoluble calcium carbonate formed
initially is converted into water soluble calcium bicarbonate. CaCO3(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)( excess) →
Ca(HCO3)2(aq)
5. Identify the type of each of the following reactions. Also write the balanced chemical equation involved. (i) The
reaction mixture becomes warm. (ii) An insoluble substance is formed.
Answer: (i) It is an exothermic reaction. In exothermic reaction, energy is released due to which reaction mixture
becomes warm. Example: CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + Heat. (ii) In a precipitation reaction, an insoluble substance
called precipitate is formed. For example, on mixing aqueous solutions of silver nitrate and sodium chloride, a
white curdy precipitate of silver chloride is formed. AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

LA Type Questions (Five Marks):

2. Identify the type of chemical reaction in the following statements and define each of them.
(i) Digestion of food in the body. (ii) Rusting of iron. (iii) Heating of manganese dioxide with aluminium powder. (iv)
Blue colour of copper sulphate solution disappears when iron filings are added to it. (v) Dilute hydrochloric acid is
added to sodium hydroxide solution to form sodium chloride and water.
(iv)Blue colour of copper sulphate solution disappears when iron filings are added to it. It is also a displacement
reaction. In this reaction, Fe displaces copper from copper sulphate solution as iron is more reactive than copper.
 (v)Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium hydroxide solution to form sodium chloride and water. It is an example
of neutralization reaction (double displacement reaction). In this reaction, an acid and a base react to form salt and
water.
VSA Type Questions (One Mark):
1. Why do we apply paint on iron articles?
Ans. Iron articles are painted to prevent them from rusting. When iron articles are painted, the contact of iron articles
from moisture and air is cut off. Therefore, rusting is prevented.
2. State one basic difference between a physical change and a chemical change.
Ans. The basic difference between a physical change and chemical change is that in a physical change, no new
substance(s) formed, whereas in a chemical change, new substance(s) is formed.
3. What happens when magnesium ribbon burns in air?
Ans. When magnesium ribbon burns in air, it combines with the oxygen to form magnesium oxide. 2Mg(s) + O2(g)
→ 2MgO(s)
SA Type Questions (Two Marks):
When a solution of potassium iodide is added to a solution of lead nitrate in a test tube, a reaction takes place. (i) What type
of reaction is this? (ii) Write a balanced chemical equation to represent the above reaction.
Ans. (i) It is a double displacement as well as a precipitation reaction. (ii)Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI (aq) → PbI2(s)↓ + 2KNO3(aq)
Yellow ppt.
Why do silver articles becomes black after sometimes when exposed to air?
Ans. Silver reacts with sulphur present in the air and forms a layer of silver sulphide which is black in colour. Therefore, silver
article gets tarnished or becomes black when exposed to air.
Explain why, food products containing fats and oils (like potato chips) are packaged with nitrogen.
Ans. Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen because it is an inert gas and does not easily react with these
substances. On the other hand, oxygen reacts with food substances and makes them rancid. Thus, bags used in packing
food items are flushed with nitrogen gas to remove oxygen inside the pack. When oxygen is not present inside the pack,
rancidity of oil and fat containing food items is avoided.
4. On heating blue coloured powder of copper (II) nitrate in a boiling tube, black copper oxide, O2 and a brown gas X is
formed. (i) Identify the type of reaction and the gas X. (ii) Write balanced chemical equation of the reaction.
Ans. (i) Decomposition reaction The gas X is Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (iii) 2Cu(NO3)2·3H2O →2CuO + 4NO2 ↑ + O2 ↑ +
6H2O
SA Type Questions (Three Marks):
2 g of ferrous sulphate crystals are heated in a dry boiling tube. (i) List any two observations. (ii) Name the type of chemical
reaction taking place. (iii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction.
Ans. (i) The two observations are: 1. Green colour of FeSO4 disappears and reddish-brown solid is formed. 2. Smell of
burning sulphur. (ii) It is an example of decomposition reaction. (iii)2FeSO4(s) → Fe2O3(s) + SO2(g) + SO3(g)
Answer the following questions: (i) Name two metals which do not corrode easily. (ii) Corrosion of some metals is an
advantage, given an example to support that. (iii) Corrosion of metal is a serious problem, give an example to support that.
Ans. (i) Gold and platinum do not corrode easily. (ii) Aluminium forms a layer of aluminium oxide on its surface due to
corrosion which makes the metal passive and protects it from further corrosion. (iii) Corrosion of iron is a serious problem,
every year a lot of iron is being wasted and damaged due to corrosion and a lot of money is spent to repair that the damaged
iron and steel structures.
LA Type Questions (Five Marks):
Identify the type of chemical reaction taking place when: (a) Barium chloride solution is mixed with copper sulphate solution
and a white precipitate is observed. (b) On heating, copper powder in air in a china dish, the surface of copper powder
becomes black. (c) On heating green ferrous sulphate crystals, reddish brown solid is left and a gas having smell of burning
sulphur is noticed. (d) Iron nails when left dipped in blue copper sulphate solution become brownish in colour and blue colour
of copper sulphate solution fades away. (e) Quick lime reacts vigorously with water releasing a large amount of heat.
Answer: a) The reaction is double displacement in nature. BaCl2(aq) + CuSO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + CuCl2(aq) (White ppt.) b)
It is an example of combination reaction. 2Cu(s) + O2(g) → 2CuO(s) (in air) Copper(II)oxide (Black) c) The green crystals of
ferrous sulphate have the chemical formula FeSO4.7H2O. Upon heating, they lose molecules of water of crystallisation.
While heating, FeSO4.7H2O → FeSO4 + 7H2O (Green) Upon further heating, ferrous sulphate undergoes decomposition
reaction as follows : 2FeSO4(s) → Fe2O3(s) + SO2(g) + SO3(g) Ferric oxide(Reddish brown) Both the gases evolved have
the smell of burning sulphur. d) This happens because of displacement reaction. Iron displaces copper from copper sulphate
solution. Brownish coating of copper gets deposited on the iron nails. As the concentration of copper sulphate in the solution
decreases, the blue colour of the solution slowly fades. Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s) (Brownish) e) Calcium
hydroxide is formed as a result of combination reaction. It is highly exothermic. A large amount of heat is evolved
accompanied by hissing sound. CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(s) + heat
A silvery white metal X is in the form of ribbons. Upon ignition, it burns with a dazzling white flame to form white powder Y.
When water is added to the powder Y, it partially dissolves to form a substance Z which is used as an antacid. (a) What is
metal X? (b) Name the white powder Y. (c) What is the substance Z? (d) Write the chemical reactions that are taking place.
Answer: (a) The metal X is Mg. (b) The white powder Y is MgO. (c) White powder Y dissolves partially in water to form
substance Z. It is Mg (OH), and is used as an antacid. (d) The chemical reactions that are taking place are : ****

VSA Type Questions (One Mark):

1. Ferrous sulphate decomposes with the evolution of a gas having a characteristic odour of burning sulphur.
Write the chemical reaction involved and identify the type of reaction.
Ans. It is a thermal decomposition reaction: 2FeSO4(s) →Fe2O3(s) + SO2(g) + SO3(g)
2. State the following: (i) The type of reaction used in photography? (ii) An example of endothermic reaction?
Answer: (i) Photo-decomposition of silver chloride is used in photography. (iii) Photosynthesis is an example
of endothermic reaction.
SA Type Questions (Two Marks):
1. A white salt on heating decomposes to give brown fumes and a residue is left behind. (i) Name the salt.
(ii) Write the equation for the decomposition reaction.
Ans. (i) The white salt is lead Nitrate. (ii)Lead nitrate decomposes as: 2Pb(NO3)2(s) →2PbO(s) +
4NO2(g) + O2(g) Brown fumes are of nitrogen dioxide gas.
2. When the powder of a common metal is heated in an open China dish, its colour turns black. However,
when hydrogen is passed over the hot black substance so formed, it regains its original colour. Based on
the above information, answer the following questions. (i) What type of chemical reaction takes place in
each of the two given steps? (ii) Name the metal initially taken in the powder form. Write balanced
chemical equations for both reactions.
Ans. (i) In first step, oxidation takes place whereas in second step, redox reaction takes place. (ii) Metal
initially taken in the powder form is copper. 2Cu(s) + O2(g) → 2CuO(s) CuO + H2(g) → Cu(s) + H2O(g)
 3. The following diagram displays a chemical reaction. Observe carefully and answer the following
questions: (i) Identify the type of chemical reaction that will take place and define it. How will the colour
of the salt change? (ii) Write the chemical equation of the reaction that takes place.
Ans. (i) Photochemical decomposition reaction is taking place. The reactions in which a compound
breaks down into simple substances in presence of light are called photochemical decomposition
reaction. The colour of salt will change from white to grey. (ii) 2AgCl(s) →2Ag(s) + Cl2(g)
4. Identify the type of reactions taking place in each of the following cases and write the balanced chemical
equation for the reactions. (i) Zinc reacts with silver nitrate to produce zinc nitrate and silver. (ii)
Potassium iodide reacts with lead nitrate to produce potassium nitrate and lead iodide.
Ans. (i) The given reaction is a displacement reaction. Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn(NO3)2 + 2Ag (s) (ii) The
given reaction is a double displacement reaction. 2KI + Pb(NO3)2 → 2KNO3 + PbI2
SA Type Questions (Three Marks):
1. Why eatables are preferably packed in aluminium foils?
Answer: Aluminium foils do not corrode in atmosphere even if kept for a long time. Actually, a
protective coating of aluminium oxide (Al2O3) is formed on the surface of the metal. It stops any
further reaction of the metal with air (oxygen) and water. The eatables do not get spoiled.
2. Write one equation each for decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the form of heat,
light or electricity.
Ans. i. Thermal decomposition: Energy in the form of heat. 2FeSO4(s) → Fe2O3(s) + SO2(s) +
SO3(s) Ferrous sulphate Ferric oxide Sulphur dioxide Sulphur trioxide [Link] by light: It is
known as photolysis. 2AgCl(s) →2Ag(s) + Cl2(s) Silver chloride Silver Chlorine [Link] by
electricity: It is also known as electrolysis. Electrolysis of lead bromide: PbBr2 → Pb + Br2
LA Type Questions (Five Marks):
1. (i)Account for the following: (a) White silver chloride turns grey in sunlight. (b) Brown coloured copper powder on heating in
air turns into black coloured substance. (ii) What do you mean by (a) Displacement reaction (b) Reduction reaction (c)
Combination reaction? Write balanced chemical equation in support for all.
Answer: i) a)White coloured silver chloride undergoes decomposition in the presence of sunlight and forms silver(grey in
colour) and chlorine. In presence of Sunlight 2AgCl(s) → 2Ag(s) + Cl2(g) (White) (Grey)
b)Brown coloured copper powder on heating in air gets oxidised to copper oxide which is black in colour. When heated
2Cu(s) + O2(g) → 2CuO(s) (Brown) (Black)
ii) For the different types of reactions,
a) In a displacement reaction, one element takes the place of another in a compound dissolved in a solution. For example,
Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) +Cu(s)
b) Reduction is a process which involves the addition of hydrogen or any electropositive element or the removal of oxygen or
any electronegative element. Removal of oxygen ZnO + C → Zn + CO (reduction of zinc oxide)
c) Combination reaction may be defined as the reaction in which two or more substances combine under suitable conditions
to form a new substance. For example, In Heat 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g) In Sunlight H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g)
2. Observe the given figure and answer the following questions.
(a) Write the complete balanced reaction for the reaction that takes place.
(b) Type of reaction involved.
(c) Is there any precipitate formed?
(d) If any precipitate formed, write the color of the precipitate.
Answer:
(b) It is a double displacement reaction
(c) Yes, a precipitate of barium sulphate is formed.
(d) The precipitate is white in colour.

Assertion-Reason Type Questions: Following questions consist of two statements –

Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
1. Assertion: Chemical reaction changes the physical and chemical state of a substance.
Reason: When electric current is passed through water (liquid), it decomposes to produce hydrogen and oxygen gases.
Ans. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
2. Assertion: Chemical equations should be balanced.
Reason: As per the law of conservation of mass, mass can neither be created nor be destroyed.
Ans. (a) Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
3. Assertion: Colour of copper sulphate solution changes when an iron nail is kept immersed in it. Reason: The colour of
copper sulphate solution changes when iron nail is kept immersed in it due to the decomposition reaction taking place
between iron and copper leading to formation of iron sulphate. Ans. (c) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
4. Assertion: Photosynthesis is considered as an exothermic reaction.
Reason: Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction because sunlight energy is absorbed by green plants during this process.
Ans. (d) Assertion is false, but reason is true.
5. Assertion: Silver bromide is kept in dark coloured bottles.
Reason: It is because it decomposes in presence of light.
Ans. (a) Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
6. Assertion: Paint is applied on iron articles.
Reason: To protect them from rain.
Ans. (c) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
7. Assertion - Calcium Carbonate when heated gives calcium oxide and water
Reason – On heating CaCO3, decomposition reaction takes place.
Ans: 1. d) A is false but R is true
Assertion-Reason Type Questions: Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer
these questions selecting the appropriate option given below: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. (c) A is true but R is false. (d) A is false but R is true.
8. Assertion: Copper vessels get covered with green coating in rainy season. Reason: It is because of the formation of
copper carbonate.
Ans. (a) Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
9. Assertion: Gold and silver do not corrode in moist air. Reason: It is because they have low reactivity.
Ans. (a) Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
ASSERTION-REASON (1marks)
Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the
appropriate option given below: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. (b) Both A and R are true but
R is not the correct explanation of A. (c) A is true but R is false. (d) A is false but R is true.
[Link](A) : Decomposition of vegetable matter into compost is an example of exothermic reactions. Reason (R) :
Exothermic reaction are those reactions in which heat is evolved.
Answer(a)
3. Assertion (A): Iron articles are painted so as to prevent them from rusting. 1 Reason (R): When the
surface of iron is coated with paint, its surface does not come in contact with oxygen and moisture
therefore rusting does not take place.
4. Answer(a) 3. Assertion (A): Rusting of iron metal is the most common form of corrosion. 1 Reason
(R): The effect of rusting of iron can be reversed if they are left open in sunlight. Answer(C)
5. Q.4. Assertion (A) : When HCl is added to zinc granules, a chemical reaction occurs. Reason (R) :
Evolution of a gas and change in colour indicate that the chemical reaction is taking place.
Answer(b) Q.5Assertion (A): Pungent smelling gas is produced when sulphur burns in air. Reason
(R) : Sulphur trioxide is formed on reaction of sulphur with oxygen. Answer-C