18 Grammar Present perfect simple, present perfect continuous statement negative question Vyou/we/they have ("ve) learnt ... //you/we/they have not (haven't) learnt ... Have //you/we/they learnt... Use Example pac Situations that started Mrs Jenkins has been | The present perfect simple is often used with the following in the past and are still the head teacher | words and phrases: true for three years. + for She's taught German here for over five years Completed actions ata Ive already read that| ° since Mr Gray has taught French here since 2006, time in the past which is book. « just We've just done this exercise. not mentioned | © already We've already done this exercise. Gootar| ; Completed actions where They've all done their» yet We haven't checked the answers yet. the important thing is the homework. » ever Have you ever had guitar lessons? result now * never —_'ve never understood why they give us so much homework! «its the It’s the first time we've watched a video in | first time class. » We don't use the present perfect simple when we want to say when something happened in the past. We use the past simple. | did my homework last night. + We don't use the past simple when we want to show that something happened before now or is still important now. We use the present perfect simple. ¥''ve finished! Can | go home now? » Some verbs have irregular past participle forms. See page 182. nt perfect continuous have/has + been + -ing statement negative question Vyou/we/they have ('ve) Vyou/we/they have not (haven't) Have \/you/we/they been been studying ... been studying ... studying ...? _He/she/it has('s) been studying ... He/she/it has not(hasn't) been studying ...Has he/she/it been studying .. Use Example ‘Actions continuing We've been doing grammar The present perfect continuous is often used with the up to now or just exercises for over an hour. following words: before now Can we have a break now? | + for — Ive been learning English for over three years. They're having a break now because | * since He's been learning Chinese since 2004. they've been working so hard. + just Ive just been reading the school newspaper. + The present perfect simple often emphasises the result of an action: ¢ She's written an article for the school newspaper. ( = She's finished it) + The present perfect continuous often emphasises the action, and the time spent on the action, rather than the result: v eel writing an article for the school newspaper. ( = She's started, but she hasn't finished it yet.Present perfect simple, present perfect continuous Unit 4 Complete using the correct present perfect simple form of the verbs in brackets. 11 (see) this film already. 2 John and Julie (had) their car for about a year. 3 SHE ssi (NOt / take) her driving test yet. 4 Sue . (be) a tour guide since she left university. 5. .w» (you / tide) into town on your new bike yet? 6 This new computer... (make) my life a lot easier. 7 We (not / decide) what to get Mark for his birthday yet. 8 (Paul / ever / meet) a famous person? Choose the correct answer. 1 never played this game before. 5 Its the first time our fla, isnt it? Atve BI Ayou've visited B you visited 2 Adam his room last night. 6 They the baby a name yet. Ahas tidied B tidied Ahavent given B didn't give 3 sunnans here Since 2005? 7 to New York when you went to AHave youlived —B Did you lve the States last summer? AH 4 Catol and Vsonsnssnn t0 the cinema three eae ou heer Eis you £0 nights ago. B semnnesanae an email before? Ahave been B went A Have you ever sent -B Did you ever send Look at the picture and use the prompts to write sentences. Use the correct form of the present perfect simple. 1 lesson / not / start / yet 2. teacher / already / write / on the board 3 Joe and Tim / just / come / into the classroom 4 Tony /not / finished / getting /books ready 6 Dave / drop / pen /on the floor 5 Christine / already / open / book 7 he /not / pick it up / yet20 Unit 4 Grammar Complete using the correct present perfect continuous form of the verbs in brackets. Use short forms where possible. Mandy: Hi Matt. How are you? What (2)... : (you / do) recently? Matt: Oh, hi Mandy! Well, (2)... -oum (./ study) for my exams. Mandy: That sounds boring! (3) cossnconsnnnns (YOU / work) hard? Matt: Very! Basically, (4) : -w« (I/ just / sit) at my desk in my bedroom for the past three weeks and (5) ..secccmonne we (IZ mot / go) out at al. (8) vooessnssmnssnmnen (IZ work) with Michael, my best friend, some of the time, though, so at least I've had some company. How about you? Mandy: Well, my mum and (7) «0... wu (17 paint) my bedroom for the last few days. That has been fun! And (8) soca (W@ / also / plan) our summer holiday. Matt: Great! Where are you going? Mandy: Well, we haven't decided yet. (9) -...-tunninnimnunn (WE / 100k) at different places to see which we like best. Matt: Im sure you'll have a great time, wherever you go. Oh, by the way, (10)... -rvomsmnneen (E/ think) of having a party when I finish my exams. Would you like to come? Mandy: Sure! That would be great! Circle the correct word or phrase. | think Ive heard / been hearing that song before. They haven't arrived / been arriving yet, but they should be here soon. You've written / been writing that email for over an hour. How long is it going to take you? Have you talked / been talking on the phone since eight o'clock? Jo has already invited / been inviting Shirley to dinner. lve read / been reading an interview with Brad Pitt, but | haven't finished it yet. Have the boys played / been playing computer games since this morning? NoorRwne Complete using the words in the box. already * ever » for 1 haven't listened to their new CD wm « Is it any good? 2 We've been waiting for you vvenee OVEF an hour. Where have you been? 3 Have you been to the UK before? 4 I'm afraid we've made plans for this weekend, so we won't be free. 5 Pedro has been having English lessons he was five years old. 6 It’s strange that you mention the film Crash. I've been reading about it in the paper. 7 Ive _ heard of a ‘sudoku’. What is it?