9.

Risk Management

Risk Assessments
The principles of risk management as defined hereby are meant for all United Enterprises
Company and subcontractor managers and supervisors. The procedures should help
management in making critical HSE verdicts as well as assist line supervision and
foremen in the day to day management of site HSE risks.

The risk assessment will be performed on all activities on the site with the aim of
identifying all possible hazards, which may be encountered, and to establish the means by
which the hazards can be eliminated or controlled:

1. The identification of hazards and those at Risk

2. Evaluation of the associated risks and prioritizing them

3. Determining mitigation measures and preventive measures

4. Assessment of control effectiveness, by constant observation at regular intervals

to ensure it’s up to date

Responsibility of Risk assessments lies with United Enterprises Company Management to

ensure that Health and safety are applied in every aspect related to work. Roles and
responsibilities shall be as follows:

HSE manager:
1. To organize the risk assessment related to the project
2. Select the person to carry out the assessment and making sure they are competent
3. To assess the risks and implement protective measures and keep records
4. To ensure all persons affected are informed of any hazard or harm too which they
may be at risk and of all the protective measures taken to prevent such harm
 5. The person who carries out the risk assessment/ Safety Officer or an external
assessor:
6. To undertake risk assessment assigned to them by identifying safety and health
problems, assessing and prioritizing the need for action, suggesting options available
to eliminate or reduce risks, evaluate the effectiveness and finally promote and
communicate safety and health improvement and practices

Workers
1. Workers and subcontractors have the right to be consulted and to participate in the
risk assessments
2. Workers must alert their supervisors about perceived risks
3. Workers must report any changes in the workplace that may affect the risk
assessment
4. Workers must be informed of the risks to their safety and the measures taken to
reduce these risks
5. Workers must cooperate with their supervisor to ensure a safe working environment

Hazard Identification
1. Collect existing information about work place hazards to determine what types of
hazards that maybe present. Such information may be available through:

- Equipment and machinery operating manuals.

- Safety Data Sheets (SDS) provided by chemical manufacturers.
- Self-inspection reports and inspection reports from consultant
- Records of previous injuries and illnesses
- Medical records
- Existing safety and health programs (lockout/tag out, confined spaces, process
safety management, personal protective equipment, etc.).
- Input from workers, including surveys or minutes from safety and health
committee meetings.
 - Results of job hazard analyses, also known as job safety analyses.

2. Inspect Workplace for hazards to identify shortcomings so they may be addressed

before an accident occurs:

- Conduct regular inspections of all operations, equipment, work areas and

facilities.
- Document inspections to later verify that hazardous conditions are corrected.
- Include all areas and activities in these inspections, such as storage and
warehousing, facility and equipment maintenance
- Regularly inspect both plant vehicles and transportation vehicles
- Use checklists that highlight things to look for. Typical hazards fall into several
major categories, such as those listed below:

a. General housekeeping
b. Slip, trip, and fall hazards
c. Electrical hazards
d. Equipment operation
e. Equipment maintenance
f. Fire protection
g. Work organization and process flow (including staffing and scheduling)
h. Work practices
i. Workplace violence
j. Ergonomic problems
k. Lack of emergency procedures

3. Identify workers' exposure to health hazards. Health hazards include chemical

hazards (solvents, adhesives, paints, toxic dusts, etc.), physical hazards (noise, heat,
etc.), biological hazards (molds), and ergonomic risk factors (heavy lifting, repetitive
motions, vibration). Review workers' medical records to identify health hazards
associated with workplace exposures.
 4. Conduct Incident investigations including injuries, illnesses, close calls/near misses,
and reports of other concerns to get clear indication of where hazards exist, identify
the root causes (and there is often more than one) of the incident or concern, in order
to prevent future occurrences.

5. Identify hazards associated with emergency and non-routine tasks including

maintenance and startup/shutdown activities. Scenarios such as the following may be
foreseeable:

- Fires and explosions

- Chemical releases
- Hazardous material spills
- Structural collapse
- Weather emergencies and natural disasters
- Medical emergencies
- Workplace violence

Evaluation of Risk
Hazards identified for each task subject to risk assessment will be analyzed to determine the
risk value and level which should be controlled accordingly. The risk assessment will be
carried out bases on the consequence and probability. Where Risk = Probability of the event
multiply by the consequence

Risk Level

(Consequence X Probability) Risk Assessment

High Risk Unacceptable

Medium Risk Acceptable subject to risk reduction measures or

contingency plans to be applied.

Low Risk Acceptable / need continuous improvement

 RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX (RAM)

CONSEQUENCE PROBABILITY (INCREASING LIKELIHOOD)

A B C D E

Environment
SEVERITY

Reputation
Happens
People

Assets
Never heard Incident has Happens
Heard of in several times
of in occurred in several times
construction per year in
construction our per year in this
industry our
industry corporate project
corporate

No
No Health damage< No No
0 A0 B0 C0 D0 E0
effect/Injury effect impact
JD500

C1
Slight
Slight health
1 effect/injury –
damage Slight
effect
Slight
impact
A1 B1 LO D1 E1
First Aid Case JD500-
JD1000 W
Minor Health
Minor
effect/injury-
damage Minor Limited
2 Medical A2 B2 C2 D2 E2
JD1001- effect impact
Treatment
JD5000
case

Localized C3
Major health
damage Consider
3
effect/injury -
Lost workday JD5001-
Localize
d effect
able A3 B3 MI D3 E3
impact
case
JD10000 D
Major
damage
Major National
4 Fatality A4 B4 C4 D4 E4
JD10001- effect impact

JD50000

C5

Multiple
Extensive
damage> Massive
Internatio HI
5 nal A5 B5 D5 E5
fatalities
JD50000
effect
impact G
H
Risk Reduction Measures

Once the risks have been evaluated and prioritized, the following risk reduction measures
shall apply:

1. Eliminate the hazard to eliminate the risk of exposure

2. Reduce the risk substituting the process, activity or substance so the overall harm or
health effects would be lessened
3. Isolate the hazard i.e. restricting access to plant and equipment or locking substances
away under strict controls
4. Use engineering controls to redesign the process, place a barrier between the person
and the hazard
5. Use administrative controls including standard operating procedures or special
procedures to closely control the hazard i.e. permits to work
6. Reduce the risk by using personal protective equipment PPE including gloves,
glasses, earmuffs, aprons, safety footwear, dust masks which are designed to reduce
exposure to the hazard.
7. Provide welfare facilities such as first aid and washing facilities
8. Involve and consult with workers and provide them with proper supervision,
trainings and relevant instructions

Risk Register
Each Project’s log of all the risks recorded on site is referred to as a Risk Register. Each
HSE manager is responsible for maintaining this register, ensuring the risk information it
contains is up-to-date and review dates have not expired.

A project Risk register will be formulated and submitted to the consultant in due time
Method statements- Task Specific
1. A safety method statement should be formalized for all jobs or tasks that have some
measure of risk.
2. All subcontractors to submit method statements as part of a tender/quote or before
starting work.
3. Safety method statements are a commitment to the health and safety of employees.
Implement safety method statements and monitor them regularly.
4. Make safety statements available to staff and the engineer. These show a workplace
has identified hazards and assessed the risks, and have control measures in place to
eliminate or control them.
5. Keep copies of all method statements.

The content of the Method Statement will depend on the complexity and size of the job. Its
purpose is to show how the work will be carried out safely. Method Statements should
address each of the following:
1. Details of supervisory personnel on site who will be responsible for the work.
2. Where applicable details of Safety Consultant and their name and telephone number.
3. Details of any personnel not involved on site but who can be contacted regarding
design or other specialist information if necessary.
4. Work sequences.
5. Stabilization of the works during their progress e.g., any temporary props, struts or
supports that are required.
6. The method of executing the works, which will include methods of lifting, fixing,
holding or bolting.
7. Methods to prevent any falls from heights. Full details should be given i.e. working
platforms, handrails, safety harnesses or other means of preventing falling.
8. Access and egress to the job, i.e. by ladders, mobile work access platforms, hoists
etc.
9. Methods of protecting materials falling from heights i.e. toe boards, debris/brick
guards, boarding on platforms etc.
 10. The description of plant to be used in the execution of the work, its safe working
load and details of any tests, certificates, inspections/registers which are applicable.
11. Details of what to do in case of emergency. This would include details of first aid
and names of qualified first aiders.
12. Details of storage and the stacking of items on site together with any delivery
procedures and any assembly work that is going to be carried out.
13. Detailed calculations for any loading of platforms, props, temporary works or
supports that are to be provided during the progress of the job.
14. Personal protective equipment to be provided for employees and sub-contractors in
particular, safety helmets etc.
15. Details of any confined space hazards and where necessary, atmospheric monitoring
procedures and emergency equipment to be provided.
16. Details of any shoring to be provided in excavations, means of entry and barriers or
secure coverings to be provided.
17. Details of certification of personnel on site
18. The training of operatives on site i.e., induction training and any details regarding
their part to be played within the Work Method Statement.

Fall arrest and Fall restraint Method Statement - Attached

Communicating Risk management

Good communication is essential for any effective risk management strategy. Managing
risks involves everyone in the project. It's vital therefore that everyone understands risks,
potential loses and how they may be prevented and why it is important. There are many
possible ways of communicating risk management, including:

Inductions: all employees should undergo a training to educate them about the potential job
hazards and prevent potential risks, and confirm that they are [Link] trained and
qualified to perform the work and can use all applicable safety equipment & devices
including PPE.
Pre-work meetings: Pre-work meetings address daily acti00vities and hazards workers may
encounter that day. Pre-work meetings will also help heighten workers’ safety awareness
and are a constant reminder of your company’s commitment to safety. These meetings do
not have to be long. Between five and 10 minutes is often enough time to address safety
issues (if any) from the previous day as well as all potential hazards for the day’s work.
Crew involvement is critical as these are the people on the front line who are familiar with
the work environment.

Toolbox talks: Many companies conduct toolbox talks, sometimes referred to as supervisor
talks. These are usually scheduled once a week or every two weeks. The topics are
normally predetermined by management and may not be related to job site activities at the
time, but meant to educate workers.

Make them as effective as possible by:

- Relating the topic to a specific condition or hazard on the job.

- Demonstrating the safe practice or procedure, using actual personal protective

equipment, tools and/or equipment if applicable.

- Encourage discussion by soliciting input from workers.

In addition to the mandatory topics, address safety-related issues specific to your particular
job site. Use daily logs to record safety issues and talk about them at the weekly meetings.
However, if a situation presents an immediate danger to workers or the job site, then it must
be discussed immediately.

Incident/accident updates: Often incidents will happen on one job site but not be
communicated to workers throughout the company. A company-wide bulletin or newsletter
can explain how and why an incident happened and the lessons learned from the mishap in
hopes of preventing a similar incident.

Near-miss updates: These are just as important as incident updates. Near misses indicate
that there is a problem with a specific procedure, piece of equipment or unsafe work
practice. Management must investigate near misses and include them in a weekly bulletin or
newsletter so repeat at-risk behavior, which could result in an incident, is eliminated.
Signage: HSE posters are the spot reminder for all employees to promote their attitude
towards the HSE; it is a valuable part for raising the HSE awareness. For best result the HSE
posters should be written in English and appropriate language which everyone can
understand and should be suitable for the kind of activities in the particular area. HSE
posters should be changed with new time to time to store the interest of personnel.

COSHH risk Assessments

A COSHH assessment concentrates on the hazards and risks from hazardous substances in
the working environment.

1. Identify all harmful substances at the working environment by reading the labels and
safety data sheets. Include also all the substances produced by processes to which
workers may be exposed.
2. Identify who might be harmed and how
3. Evaluate the risks to health and decide on precautions to comply with the regulations
for COSHH
4. Record and Review the assessment if necessary

Control measures to mitigate the risk could include:

- Changing the process to reduce risks if possible

- Containment

Enclose the process or activity as much as possible to minimize the escape or release of the
harmful substance

Use closed transfer and handling systems and minimize handling of materials

Extract emissions of the substance near the source

- Systems of work

Restrict access to those people who need to be there

Plan the storage of materials, and use appropriate containers. Check that storage containers
are correctly labeled and that incompatible materials, for example acids and caustics, are
separated

Plan the storage and disposal of waste

- Cleaning

Exposure to hazardous substances can occur during cleaning, the workplace should be
planned and organized so that it can be easily and effectively cleaned

The right equipment and procedures to clear up spillages quickly and safely shall be
available on site

Clean regularly using a ‘dust-free’ method – vacuum, don’t sweep

Permits and Authorization to work

1. Permit to Work systems are formal procedures used to control activities that are
considered high-risk Permits only allow authorized personnel to perform those activities
at specified times and in a way set out in the permit and referenced documents. These
activities include:
- Electrical works.
- Hot works.
- Excavation.
- Lone working.
- Lifting operations.
- Work in confined spaces.
- Work to high risk spaces such as laboratories, or industrial plant.
- Work at height.
- Work to roofs.
- Demolition.
- Work to high pressure systems.
- Crane Operations
2. A permit to work system should:
- Only allow permits to be issued by authorized, competent personnel i.e. Safety
officer
- Prevent high-risk work being carried out without a risk assessment having been
undertaken.
- Consider whether any other work will impact on, or be impacted by, the permitted
work.
- Ensure control measures and supervision are in place.
- Ensure method statements and emergency procedures are prepared.
- Ensure work is checked and returned to a safe state.
- Provide information to other parties that might be affected by the work.
- Include a system for handing back and cancelling permits.

3. Permits should:
- Describe the work and its location as well as the equipment to be used
- Provide information about foreseeable risks.
- Provide information necessary for working safely. Method statements, risk
assessments will be produced and form part of the permit for critical activities
- Set out requirements for personal protective equipment.
- Set out the time when the work can be carried out.
- Provide information about other permits. Shall be attached to the permit to work
form

4. HD safety officer and manager to study submitted documents, job conditions and issue
permission to work in case of satisfactory; in case of un-satisfactory status correction
action is requested from subcontractor to get work permission.
5. Validly of the permit shall be restricted as specified in the permit
6. Three copies of the permit to be issued. One should be kept at the work location at all
time until the closure of the permit. Another will be kept in HSE manager office for easy
access. Last copy shall be kept by the permit coordinator or supervisor.
7. On the day of the work, the safety officer must inspect the work site to ensure all
requirements in the permit are met and hand over the permit to the worker.
8. Whenever the day of the permit is completed and there is no more work to take place,
the permit shall be submitted to the HSE manager/ officer for closure. A joint inspection
shall be carried before the permit is signed to ensure that the site is safe and conditions
are acceptable after the completion of the task.
9. If the work specified is not completed and the permit needs extension, works must be
suspended and revalidation must be obtained from the permit issuer or shall apply in
advance for continuation of the permit.
10. In case of an emergency, the worker must stop all works and shut down all
equipment. The Permit shall be abolished and will need revalidation before works can be
resumed. To revalidate the permit, the safety officer shall visit the work site to ensure that
it is safe to work at and that the proper control measures are in place.
 United Enterprises COSHH Risk Assessment
Company Ref No:

Project: Activity:

Describe the activity or work

process.
(Inc. how long/ how often this is carried
out and quantity substance used)

Location of process being carried Footing and External Walls

out?

Identify the persons at risk: Workers and Subcontractors Public

staff

Name the substance(s) involved in the

process
(Attach data sheets to this assessment)

GHS Classification (state the category of danger)

Explosives Compressed Gas Health Hazards Harmful Flammable

Environmental Hazard Toxic Corrosive Oxidizing

Hazard Type
 Gas Vapour Mist Fume Dust Liquid Solid Other (State)

Route of Exposure

Inhalation Skin Puncture Ingestion Other (State)

What are the risks to Health from the process /tasks? (look at the H and P codes on the data sheet)

Explosion from the Compressed Gas

Inhalation of CO2 emissions from the burining of gas
Burning of Skin by hot Bitumen or open flame
Eye burn or skin burn through contact with Primer
Fire as material is highly flammable

What Personal Protective Equipment is used ? (state type and standard)

Dust mask Visor

Respirator Eye wear

Gloves Overalls
Footwear Other

Assessment of the process/task

(List the summary of controls already in place and identify any gaps)

PPE is required and in place

Fire Extinguisher in place
First Aid facility on site with trained personnel
Method Statement Submitted for waterproofing membrane

Now rate the overall rating with the controls you have listed

High Medium Low

List the new controls that need to be in place to give adequate control (consider the need for monitoring as well as changes to
the task or substitution of chemicals used)

Spill kit to be provided

Warning signs to be place in working areas
Enforcement of No smoking Policy
Safety toolbox talks

Final check: Has the risk rating been reduced to as low as possible with the new controls?

yes Note any monitoring that may be needed………………………………….

Emergency Plans and procedures (this will apply to carcinogens, mutagens or similar health risks)
Are plans in place to deal with spillages or emergencies? Yes N/a

Refer to any first aid emergency that should be noted in this assessment

Has waste disposal been considered and established Yes N/a