LESSON 2

Common Expressions

 O-genki desu ka-How are you?

 Arigato gozaimasu genki desu -I'm fine, thank you.
 Ohayo gozaimasu -Good morning.
-This means you must get up early or you are an early riser.
-It can be used from early in the morning until 10 o'clock in the morning only.
 .Konnichi wa-Good day or Good afternoon or hello.
-It can be used from 10 a.m. until sundown.
 Konban wa-Good evening.
 Sayonara-Good bye.
 Oyasuminasai-Good night.
-This is an appropriate expression to use when saying good bye late at night, either in
person or on the telephone.
 Hajimimashite -How do you do?
- This expression literally means “for the first time" (to meet you).
 Itte rasshai-Good bye.
- This is used to say good bye to someone who is going away and coming back to
the same place.
 Itte kimasu-Good bye.
- This is what the person going out says to whoever is staying at [Link] can also
be used when leaving your place of work for a short business trip.
 Gambatte kudasai-Good luck.
- This expression is used by older people to encourage their junior colleagues in
their efforts.
 Shitsurei-shimasu-Excuse me.
-This is an extremely useful expression that can be used in a wide variety of
situations; when entering a room, when leaving, or when asking someone to
move aside.
 O-sakini shitsurei-shimasu -May I come? , I must be going,May I go?”
-It is used when leaving a group of people before everybody else.
-This is also an expression used to replace a variety of phrases, such as “May I
come?”, “I must be going” and “May I go?”.
In the past tense, “Shitsurei-shimashita" is a straightforward apology.
 Daijobo desu- No problem/O.K. or alright.-It can be use to mention the condition of
one's work, health, etc.
  Osewa ni narimashita- Thank you for your kindness.
- This is an expression used when a great favor has been granted to you.
 Gomen nasai/sumemasen deshita - I'm sorry.
- This is used to express an apology when you ask for someone's pardon or for
stepping on someone's foot
 Ojama itashimasu-Sorry to disturb you.
- This expression is used when one is about to disturb somebody upon entering
his house or room. Before leaving someone's place, one says
"Ojama itashimashita" meaning, I'm sorry to have distrbed you.
 Tadaima-I'm back.
- This is what a member of a family says to call out the rest of the family as soon
as he/she gets back home from school, work, shopping,etc.

 Okaerinasai- Welcome home.

- This is the standard way of replying to “Tadaima”.
 Domo arigato gozaimasu - Thank you very much.
- This is a polite way of replying to someone who has either thanked you or
apologized for something.
 onegai-shimasu-Please? Could you do me a favor?
-This expression is used when you ask for something served or done you.
 (o)ki o tsukete-Take care.
- This is a friendly way of telling someone to take care.
 Itadakimasu - Thank you.
-It is used whenever you are about to start a meal.
 Gochisosama deshita-Thank you, it was delicious.
 Ogenki desu-Look after yourself.
 Omedeto Gozaimasu-Congratulations.
 Chotto matte kudasai-Please wait a moment.
 Mo ichido oegaishimasu - Once more please.
 Dame desu - No good/not good.
 Kekko desu-Good.
 Hajimemasho-Let us begin.
 Owarimasho-Let us finish.
 Yasumemasho-Let us take rest.
 Wakarimasu ka-Do you understand?
 Hai, wakarimasu -Yes, I understand.
 Iie, wakaremasen-No,I don't understand.
 Naruhudo-I see.
 Totte okinasai-Keep it.
 Okikinasai-Listen to me.
 Moo arimasen-No more.
 Sude ni-Already
 Itsumo-Always
 Ikanimo-Certainly
 Zenzen-Absolutely
 Tabun-Likely
 Sakini-Go ahead
 Yoroshi-Alright
 Achi-cochi-Here and there
 Mai-shu-Weekly
 Mai-nen-Yearly
 Tamani-Seldom
 Sorekara-Then
 Shiba-shiba-Frequently
 Mada ikanaide kudasai-Please, don't go yet.
 Koraremasu ka- Can you come?
 Nanimo naranai-Good for nothing
 Shikata ganai-I can't help it.
 Todomaremasen -I can't stay.
 Shitte imasu ka- Do you know it?
 Mo jikan ga nai- No more time

LESSON 3
Desu, Dewa arimasen and Desu ka

Uses of Punctuation Marks

[Link]-Period(.)
- It is used to end a positive sentence.
Example:
 Watashe wa Akira san desu (I am Mr. Akira.)
 Watashi wa Nihon-jin desu (I am a Japanese.)
 Watashi wa sensei desu (I am a teacher.)

[Link] ka-question mark(?)

-It is used to end an interrogative sentence.
Example:
 Anata wa sensei desu ka (Are you a teacher?)
 Anata wa Kobota sa desu ka (Are you Mr. Kobota?)
 Anata wa gakusei desu ka (Are you a student?)

3. Dewa arimasen-(not)
-It is used to end a negative sentence. Example
 Watashi wa gakusei dewa arimasen (I am not a student.)
 Watashi wa sensei dewa arimasen (I am not a teacher)
 Watashi wa Akira san dewa arimasen (I am not Mr. Akira)

Vocabulary:
San-Mr, Mrs, and Miss
- It can be used after a family name.

Example:
Megumi san - (Mrs. Megumi)
Nifuji san- (Mr. Nifuji)
Takahashi san- (Ms. Takahashi)
Wa-It can be used as is, are, and am
Hai-Yes
Iie-No
Watashi-I(singular)
Washi tashi- We (plural)
Anata-You (singular)
Namae-Name
Anata gata-You(plural)
Sensei-Teacher
Gakusei-Student
Kenshusei-Trainee
Jin-Nationality
Dare - WhoBunkei (Example sentences) Negative sentence

Affirmative/positive sentence
1. Watashi wa Akira san desu (I am Mr. Akira. )
2. Watashi wa sensei desu ( I am a teacher.)
3. Watashi wa gakusei desu (I am a student. )
The positive and negative responses to the following questions.
1. Question: Anata wa Ushijima san desu
ka Are you [Link]?
Answer:
Positive Negative
Hai,watashi wa Hinata san desu Iie,watashi wa Hinata san dewa arimasen
Yes,I am [Link]. No,I am not [Link].
2. Question: Anata wa gakusei desu ka
Are you a student?
Answer:
Positive Negative
Hai,watashi wa gakusei desu Iie, watashi wa gakusei dewa arimasen
Yes,I am a student. No,I am not a student
3. Question: Anata gata wa kenshusei desu ka Are you trainees?
Answer:
Positive Negative
Hai,watashi tashi wa kenshusei desu Iie,watashi tashi wa kenshusei dewa arimasen
Yes,we are trainees. No, we are not trainees
4. Question: Anata wa kanko gaido desu ka (Are you touristguide?)
Answer:
Positive
Negative
Hai,watashi wa kanko gaido desu Iie, watashi wa kanko gaido dewa arimasen
Yes,I am a tourist guide. No,I am not a tourist guide.
5. Question: Anata wa Kimura san desu ka, Yamuta
san desu ka Are you [Link] or [Link]?
Answer:
Positive Negative
Kimura san desu Kimura san dewa arimasen
I am Mr. Kimura I am not Mr. Kimura.
6. .Question: Kobota san wa shicho desu ka (Is Mr. Kobota a mayor?)
Answer:
Positive Negative
Hai,Kobota san wa shicho desu Iie,Kobota san wa shicho dewa
arimasen
Yes,[Link] is a mayor No,[Link] is not a mayor.
8. Question: Himura san wa anata no tomodachi desu ka (Is
[Link] your friend?)
Answer:
Positive Negative
Hai, Himura san wa watashi no Iie, Himura san wa watashi no
tomodachi desu tomodachi dewa
arimasen
Yes, Mrs. Himura is my friend. No,[Link] is not my
friend.
9. Question: Sano san wa anata no sensei desu ka (Is [Link] your
teacher?)
Answer:
Positive Negative
Sano san wa watashi no sensei desu Sano san wa watashi no sensei dewa arimasen
Yes,Mrs. Sano is my teacher. No, Mrs. Sano is not my teacher.