Business Writing: Formal vs Informal Styles

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The document provides a worksheet on formal and informal correspondence. It contains exercises to identify levels of formality in sample letters and emails. Key differences between formal an…

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  • Worksheet 1: Formal and Informal Correspondence

Level 5 Business Writing

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Life
Worksheet 1: Formal and informal correspondence

1 How often do you write emails or letters at work? How formal or informal are
they? Mark the level of formality on the scale and compare it with a partner.

Very formal  Neutral  Very informal

2 Read three pieces of correspondence. What level of formality are they? Write 1,
2, and 3 on the scale and compare with your partner. Explain your reasons.

Dear Ryan, 1 2
I am writing in response to your message on my voicemail. Hi,
I’d be delighted to give a talk to your business students on
the subject of Modern Management Practices. I’d be I’m afraid my plane is delayed by
grateful if you could send me any days and times you have two hours. Can you pick me up at
in mind so we can finalize the exact date.
around 2 instead?
I look forward to hearing from you.
See you soon. (I hope!)
Best regards,
Corinne

Dear Mr. Baker, 3


With regards to your interest in the position of IT assistant, please find attached the full job
description and application form. Please note that the closing date for applications is the 30th of
this month. Unfortunately, due to the expected high number of applications for this job, we are
only able to reply to those applicants who have been shortlisted.

We thank you for your interest.

Yours sincerely,

Alan Johnson

3a The verbs 1–10 tend to be used in more formal correspondence. Match the formal
verbs 1–10 to the less formal verbs in the box.

need tell change say sorry get ask about ask for help stop give

1 inform 6 inquire
2 request 7 alter
3 apologize 8 terminate
4 receive 9 require
5 assist 10 provide

b How many of the verbs 1–10 have a noun form? e.g., inform – information
Life Level 5 2nd edition Business Writing ©National Geographic Learning 2019
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4 Find expressions in the texts in Exercise 2 to complete the table.

FORMAL OR NEUTRAL INFORMAL


Opening 1 Hello,
_________________________ 2
_________________________
Reason for writing / Further to your letter … , It’s about …
3
Reference _________________________
4
_________________________
Enclosure or I’m enclosing Here is …
attachment 5
_________________________
Give good news We’re happy to inform you that … Good news!
6
_________________________
Apologize / Give 7
Sadly … _________________________ Sorry but …
bad news 8
_________________________
We regret to inform you that …
Request Would it be possible for you to …? Could you …?
9 10
_________________________ _________________________
Thanks / Refer to 11 13
_________________________ _________________________
future contact
12 14
_________________________ _________________________
Closing Kind regards, Yours, Bye,
15
_________________________ Love,

5 Rewrite this email using an informal style. Use expressions from Exercises 3 and 4.

Dear Dr. Bruce Baines,


With regards to your visit to Italy next week, I’m attaching details of your flights and hotel
reservations. I regret to inform you that the business college in Perugia has canceled the
appointment on Wednesday. Would it be possible for you to give the same presentation in
Bologna?
I’d be grateful if you could confirm the flight times as soon as possible. Please do not hesitate
to contact me if you need me to assist you any further.
Yours sincerely
Ms Maddie6Albright
Read this informal reply. Rewrite it using a neutral or more formal style.

Hi Maddie,
It’s about the flight times to Italy. Sorry but I can’t fly out on Monday morning. Can you
change it to Monday evening?
I’m happy to talk in Bologna instead.
B.

I CAN
write using a formal and neutral style 
write using an informal style 

Life Level 5 2nd edition Business Writing ©National Geographic Learning 2019

Common questions

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Tailoring an email's style to its recipient is essential for effective communication, as it demonstrates understanding and respect for the recipient’s preferences and expectations. This alignment ensures the message is received clearly and can prevent miscommunication caused by tone disparities. For instance, using formal language with higher-ups maintains respect, while informal language with peers can facilitate openness .

Matching formality levels to the context is crucial as it affects message reception and effectiveness. In client negotiations or official announcements, higher formality may convey professionalism and due diligence, whereas in team communications, less formality might enhance accessibility and rapport without undermining effectiveness. This alignment enhances clarity and promotes appropriate response behaviors .

A business might prefer formal correspondence to maintain a professional tone, ensure clarity, and uphold a company’s image. Formal communication establishes a more legitimate tone, especially important in business contexts like discussing terms with clients or responding to job applications .

Opening phrases in business emails, such as 'Dear Mr. Baker' in formal contexts, set a professional tone and establish the level of formality expected in the subsequent conversation. This initial framing is crucial for aligning the recipient’s expectations and ensuring that the communication is received with the intended seriousness and respect .

The benefits of rewriting formal emails into a neutral style include making communications more accessible and less intimidating while still retaining a professional tone. This balance can help in creating more open communication channels. However, it might also reduce the perceived seriousness of a message, potentially leading to misinterpretations or a lack of urgency in the recipient’s response .

The formal language in emails typically increases the clarity and professionalism of business communication. For example, using terms like 'apologize', 'inquire', and 'assist' rather than their informal counterparts ('sorry', 'ask about', and 'help') can convey respect and seriousness. This level of formality ensures messages are received with professionalism .

Formal expressions such as 'Kind regards' or 'Yours sincerely' offer a polite and respectful closure to business emails. These phrases reinforce a positive relationship and leave a formal impression, indicating that the email content should be taken seriously, which can be important in maintaining professional relationships .

Delayed flight information in scheduling emails often necessitates a formal tone to maintain professionalism while addressing logistical complications. However, conveying an apology using expressions like 'regret to inform' can soften negative impacts and manage expectations. The formality helps in balancing the seriousness of the inconvenience with the necessity for adaptability in business travel arrangements .

The tone of a business email significantly affects how recipients perceive the message and can influence their response. A formal tone may be perceived as respectful and professional, thus prompting a similarly formal and prompt response. Alternatively, excessively informal tone in inappropriate contexts might lead to the message being taken less seriously, affecting the recipient's respect and priority given to the response .

Formal verbs such as 'inform', 'apologize', and 'assist' are used in business emails to convey professionalism and respect, key in external communication or official matters. In contrast, informal verbs like 'tell', 'sorry', and 'help' are appropriate for internal communications or when building rapport. The use of formal language can ensure clarity and cautious communication whereas informal language can foster a closer team environment .

Life Level 5 2nd edition Business Writing 
©National Geographic Learning 2019 
Hi, 
I’m afraid my plane is delayed by 
two ho
Life Level 5 2nd edition Business Writing
©National Geographic Learning 2019 
4 
Find expressions in the texts in Exercise 2

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