COMEDK UGET 2024

MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
CLASS XI (2022-23)

Unit-I: Sets and Functions

1. Sets
Sets and their representations, Empty set, Finite and Infinite sets, Equal sets, Subsets, Subsets of a
set of real numbers especially intervals (with notations). Universal set. Venn diagrams. Union and
Intersection of sets. Difference of sets. Complement of a set. Properties of Complement.

2. Relations & Functions

Ordered pairs. Cartesian product of sets. Number of elements in the Cartesian product of two finite
sets. Cartesian product of the set of reals with itself (up to R x R x R). Definition of relation, pictorial
diagrams, domain, co-domain and range of a relation. Function as a special type of relation. Pictorial
representation of a function, domain, co-domain and range of a function. Real valued functions,
domain and range of these functions, constant, identity, polynomial, rational, modulus, signum,
exponential, logarithmic and greatest integer functions, with their graphs. Sum, difference, product
and quotients of functions.

3. Trigonometric Functions
Positive and negative angles. Measuring angles in radians and in degrees and conversion from one
measure to another. Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of unit circle. Truth of the
identity sin2x + cos2x = 1, for all x. Signs of trigonometric functions. Domain and range of
trigonometric functions and their graphs. Expressing sin (x±y) and cos (x±y) in terms of sinx, siny,
cosx & cosy and their simple applications. Deducing identities like the following:

Unit-II: Algebra

1. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations

Need for complex numbers, especially √−𝟏, to be motivated by inability to solve some of the
quadratic equations. Algebraic properties of complex numbers. Argand plane

2. Linear Inequalities
Linear inequalities. Algebraic solutions of linear inequalities in one variable and their representation
on the number line.

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3. Permutations and Combinations
Fundamental principle of counting. Factorial n. (n!) Permutations and combinations, derivation of
Formulae for nPr and nCr and their connections, simple applications.

4. Binomial Theorem
Historical perspective, statement and proof of the binomial theorem for positive integral indices.
Pascal’s triangle, simple applications.

5. Sequence and Series

Sequence and Series. Arithmetic Mean (A.M.) Geometric Progression (G.P.), general term of a G.P.,
sum of n terms of a G.P., infinite G.P. and its sum, geometric mean (G.M.), relation between A.M.
and G.M.

Unit-III: Coordinate Geometry

1. Straight Lines
Brief recall of two dimensional geometry from earlier classes. Slope of a line and angle between two
lines. Various forms of equations of a line: parallel to axis, point -slope form, slope-intercept form,
two-point form, intercept form, Distance of a point from a line.

2. Conic Sections
Sections of a cone: circles, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, a point, a straight line and a pair of
intersecting lines as a degenerated case of a conic section. Standard equations and simple
properties of parabola, ellipse and hyperbola. Standard equation of a circle.

3. Introduction to Three-dimensional Geometry

Coordinate axes and coordinate planes in three dimensions. Coordinates of a point. Distance
between two points.

Unit-IV: Calculus

1. Limits and Derivatives

Derivative introduced as rate of change both as that of distance function and geometrically. Intuitive
idea of limit. Limits of polynomials and rational functions trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic
functions. Definition of derivative relate it to scope of tangent of the curve, derivative of sum,
difference, product and quotient of functions. Derivatives of polynomial and trigonometric functions.

Unit-V: Statistics and Probability

1. Statistics
Measures of Dispersion: Range, Mean deviation, variance and standard deviation of
ungrouped/grouped data.

2. Probability
Events; occurrence of events, ‘not’, ‘and’ and ‘or’ events, exhaustive events, mutually exclusive
events, Axiomatic (set theoretic) probability, connections with other theories of earlier classes.
Probability of an event, probability of ‘not’, ‘and’ and ‘or’ events.

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 MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS
CLASS-XII (2023-24)

Unit-I: Relations and Functions

1. Relations and Functions

Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one and onto
functions.

2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Definition, range, domain, principal value branch. Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions.

Unit-II: Algebra
1. Matrices
Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero and identity matrix, transpose of a matrix,
symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Operations on matrices: Addition and multiplication and
multiplication with a scalar. Simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication.
Noncommutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is
the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2). Invertible matrices and proof of the
uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here all matrices will have real entries).

2. Determinants
Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 x 3 matrices), minors, co-factors and applications of
determinants in finding the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix. Consistency,
inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples, solving system of
linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix.

Unit-III: Calculus

1. Continuity and Differentiability

Continuity and differentiability, chain rule, derivative of inverse trigonometric functions,
𝑙𝑖𝑘𝑒 sin−1 𝑥, cos−1 𝑥 and tan−1 𝑥, derivative of implicit functions. Concept of exponential and
logarithmic functions.
Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential functions. Logarithmic differentiation, derivative of
functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives.

2. Applications of Derivatives
Applications of derivatives: rate of change of quantities, increasing/decreasing functions, maxima
and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a
provable tool). Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as
well as real life situations).

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3. Integrals
Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions by substitution,

by partial fractions and by parts, Evaluation of simple integrals of the following types and problems
based on them.

4. Applications of the Integrals

Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, circles/ parabolas/ellipses (in
standard form only)

5. Differential Equations
Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation. Solution of
differential equations by method of separation of variables, solutions of homogeneous differential

equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear differential equation of the type:

Unit-IV: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

1. Vectors
Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines and direction ratios of a
vector. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors), position vector of a point,
negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a
scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Definition, Geometrical
Interpretation, properties and application of scalar (dot) product of vectors, vector (cross) product of
vectors.

2. Three - dimensional Geometry

Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian equation and vector
equation of a line, skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Angle between two lines

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 Unit-V: Linear Programming
1. Linear Programming
Introduction, related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization, graphical
method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions (bounded or
unbounded), feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial
constraints).

Unit-VI: Probability
1. Probability
Conditional probability, multiplication theorem on probability, independent events, total probability,
Bayes’ theorem, Random variable and its probability distribution, mean of random variable.

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