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7 views16 pages

Espr R

Uploaded by

nidhi
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© All Rights Reserved
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Me sauaee tn enor: bie etiam ee Tropespheric ozone enhancement during post-harvest crop-residue tires at two downwind sites of the [nde-Gangetic Plain seman a a ae Becomes noes @ 2 ‘Sarat Fes 49 eg es pgs | inremesstesrse re Ss Fines-eee Bernat ei Pyne Pes scr NOLA Te DE 28 “MESEARC ARIE Geom Tropospheric ozone enhancement during post-harvest crop-residue fires at two downwind sites of the Indo-Gangetic Plain Maharaj Kumari Kandikonda! Sonal Kuman' « Nithi Verma + Anita Lakhani! - Suresh Tiwari? edgoset 11 enaer JHE fergie 18 Aoi 2518 1 Seige i Cement Smee aa D8 ‘Abstract bes the prrescit analy, saurlice aeons (0) nttmngsry yids (NO,), andl carbon rrmnustic (19) levels wate siicastarcad at tow fits dow Fits active rein mn the lindo Carmzctic Pla (IGP> Agza C2218" N. 768°) ana th O87 NL TAS sy he tof peat harveat erp comic Sigs, They pnt wm ize! is grr Pc harvest pre al Pim: tearveet period. uring the po Tryst ponent. an enneernent of 17 3-and 31 7 phan Bey wer HE ut wae nivervod at Acra at Dein roypsvorly, undis aentarmrcomirescal condone Therateaf chang 71), war ak hic fo on hcven pyro bry SO.2 co Agen nd 39 S% Det! Rast, usher Os spn dnp-were cbmc em te pend rv pond. Fin: hotepars doscoted by Mackate Rosohant: Imaggmg Specturaimctcr (MODAS) lone bck ward. mms fmjcoory anithsty sugecsra the tho enkumood O} snd CO fovea tk stady ums dorm fh: pos vest pore exe be audited wo crop. rca: Iushitg ove fhe Nur West 1GP (NWIGP): Succ obatekions ot eins CO ticing eats abst tncipussetis fermuldohyele (CHOY col uo bid biehier level Ue dic ont rset er Kaymofits Crop residin fvurpina Chis Bathfind olikeannis Cartland OPTTT OM Introduction Tropaspiie 0, fea snpornt ai pollo was expect t0 atmoupbesie Ghornistey. clitente chart: usd an’ quality: The sureds Of tropuspheric O) aro pholochiinice) production: {Cruron 1971) aml sttaiognhide to preypblipiuote tuitspent ALetiéveld aiid Wentener 2001), Phonueticonical girpehaction af (0, fieolves onichation of ite jjrocumscte (Vobetil: cxpmnic oainy Felis (VEX) atl COL cats OH ca al cary Amie ty NOV, Oy pays a pera Wt hey he utente emice Mt we the prmmery seme: ai fistkernp! tat eatin the smrtherc andy aba belied be tn ft imran geocoding (Lowy (07! Goan and Ckaaph TONE. Traposphone nvone aio has # acesave wnat om he sum ess carer yc Ay tel SN eal cea 2013) Tegan cine Hopemneaiencthenl aad oe eter ions ealifralers LDgparsnn Chicas: fat FSi: ayaa ‘acorn im Pariah, yr PEI, Yn alas iis Uf Tyo mia), Pei ase Na ‘Marx: Deh 0 ik il efi 1 Mag20 1 fn ie devshapm contri crop emectue amis ir tis, Yarvestne pono a ans ofthe rman types cf ny ‘omnes ham act affctmethc focal. ecscna ona {Levine 1999, Ym al OR Ta YI20%2: Zh ul. 2073). Ta cers Harti pn: erins Cnt poise tule (00, CO tyme, isd, apinos, deonite, se sei, urns ath) (Aamo 100) Shuma cx ab 20/0) Sine oh al 5918) dF [These secs ear elitr rehmed by Wniary rosters edema! Bn merrily remo on bial smal mgkmal alos The anne: procacion pores liom erry rokhe felis pice on vara quill times ‘The none fraration, nn rea woske ocoary dst en, uf rho tha spect He aligns tulsa wie ego ncule gio & mrhtion af longer lived pers fic OD ara} hms ifostceal, 31) Tho organi eompsnids preted Seen brome amt sy oot emai My tei pce Tike 05: OF, and NO} mdicila. The roti of eee cot ‘pte wil CT rc Tas to the Senate wf pero rah {alle (ROS H0,) oi ese eth NO ta ierm NO hil hem yale i sce rn xyes Thi tie ay sien contin wit Oo Karp Up Cyc ait mas fw te fire pact ree can be tpl itt teas undis fayorthke rrescrlucal opmlitiome aru tan allext the toys Phere Dy Arde on the boca ent tera al: (Vestine eal Dswiaes: Spon ‘Chisel Specie Hina Darniog Piawie 00, 00, CH,COCH, CHEN. CHCHIO, HEAD, Tyseccuctane, COOL CHCOOM, Aero Ci iAtetaasyCH,CHCM Acted GTC (Aeeutaaiyay fm imp = . Ie eine) en CWI, wy Tey can eno +I fate Shu “hte vt a? ae J. HGF eoemnee fo oUeppaOY “fs Lee egw, fs i iran eneimyerng, Meso, eae «uf m0 we {rs a, ae a, wo] | adi 2 armen dur eI td waning dy 000 % ( . ts verse ois zeni way sega occ Bn a i wousta, me od ? 7 Wis etal ‘ \9°1 00) creole a heat eT Wh 22% 100 eH ermal Bk 43.3 Wrist vs rere! X37 vin! pape wetcrr Ye "Me eatin ei er ali et SGA Wan FOUN nd lel bad Mite (M34 2:2 expr item a MCMV Tig. 1» Serica sbi Ue sical ain ines aing pew alter ceil robs 1902: (asstict ab 204M) abi sis ave Fp thst O} fevclt at reshore sy em thee ste ated by hie Tags teportof Ot war meenes andor ees mgs tm wf Q) procures Fr fire sctroe Tesane (Chim cf ab 23, Kowa ot ab 20004; Shon. ot al 200% Tiamg et 3b 2015 Tah Stink 2012) Saelizohysed stados vey paca gactary saan fave ay chow he irfinnce of anes Cuma cn (0, lye and Sms that medonces af high Dy ove were hue Wit nests fens Ovor ire active aha: (Rum til 201: Lin et ul 2013): Reco odes wong eben atl Aennspore miei abe ale sian We flyers Aarau om wee ail air ity, adie it the cin of ce gee fia His Fi conn lian leptin (Distal 200 Ls eta 2015, Sate eal The fro. Camutc Pain stcormpmacs vee ogi Fra 21 75 (51 0°% utile at 7425 iy 91° liad: which ems ‘or reetiy 215 of fe tt another tse cscs: Tas ‘ez doy popula oth more han he of Es py ‘son sng ne se (Agua Seas 210}, Kage increase we popu etumizaton. and testa yr Hs sean ana ines of anthropgamosctticx es CP onthe les few decades. Rarer adios have rept her Hoste it plete ovcr TC wb ay te atrbta us mveed tesnb Byte ‘Heine crop reskhic hart (CSrech ara Nai 20), Jt ca IS) eer’ yom Heme acale rite viet al pay ‘Nae cea thing the pent aves pin i he; Nox Wet 1G sapeenily ithe sees of Pa Haryana, and wesem (ear Prost, rowing at ange acai: aris af sera al Tao, ‘paves (hedarnath ot al, 20K 20K Vonkctarmram of at. 0), ‘The provarting westerly winds fo fhe IGP a fo she narra regiemmapty-and goats dropping levine fem sues tut results in adveetiod Of pollutants fromthe west dinstion. Arovints sues wing wodcling, ground esc nl sate ob sxe hav ewe un otis of ime cis Bom ery ‘ttc Paine ra air eat on the wir aby of ts rarby te of tie fir vans teins ay NWP Alkan eal 006) bite sod Hives Batti ati ver’ Pash ei mie relia Paras Sorsimg Suloline (INS NG) Attranced Wide Fick mon (AWS) an! cmntin) te chem df burt ron and srconhome gon armors They herve fat perly resize During as eentibate yo th-emnscion sf more posta: than swhespreskitc burning. Kusnar ota (2041), WIE 3 yuars of obssrstio sh ntuci Nina, npr st seme ‘tne biomes mmc nent fi hae inercaso thclveht ‘ofanticc eos amt lk exbom by dU. spose. ett ll (2015) Have estenuted the muchos OF apemptms titre Barmy t Suu Ais on reicend unceie dutibution seal Fnmaip cational ab DME a aire Cleland Netti Wi? ssiiw e fesineed ctasndil (rampart yon (WRF ‘Chuyn) and de Fae fivcomey fhany NCAR (FING) Sinks ab (20) sngamac ceompounds Ohya Ty plain wi the Newt IGP fo shure ihe ime pt arent wet roche Finss ara fuse gn, pang of at res ts VOR ant pare pellamnts loved A of those stuics have ppp sakisbte [Link] Uke rule ol crop-rons NEEM ve anos stor we the vicony af Fae va epsom to dhe IGT, Jenvovor: tetany ess komfoS fhcutfiamnocof cng residue twa rv doi ts mee Tallies way’ a the fine uetive nee Tene nhc prcment ty, two mat wil Use teste rein sweet LE ~ RAD il Agea Sf) Lp sews sit to Punt to stacy Wh huusee of crop eh i sexs) the: a ncanancicts af vebate Measurements and techniques tho prescat shady were cnmed out atte 1 Reta a of the. fine nsteve eegton 10K “ie 21, Dayniltgh Tetacanonl lest. Hayat, iy 2 Yo api oi tt 2a > (Mt A) mse wi tas its Ee eat lei he SEI Agmiztt 07) natin the wet ent pan ob Wii. The tadunil sd ia rt aut Gm saa ut ihe aly ite Ayre sai ly sara) by the Ther Pest ontnee dhintt of 2 penphery. The am. (ln si canes be main Sid ‘nS about 11" ehedey ees ia cay. Theat na baw 2 A meth of Natoma Hiway NH-2 Uietshwhib 1 rick pee psd, i OE py OF thy sts, arc comulprasices and yee rrodommates. dara Agr ety arc away frm te say stg pdfs SE Hand SW socturs The mayor todestal wean ce an ferro a oon feo tnca casting ace pmoeowng. tan nce, fe exited pulverinesos_enpicra waiths. enemnicdle and Brick Kitna: Apert fom te Mir ui rei ail NEW Du aidan ia the NW ‘iscstion of the ate While Fi sidan are alt sal he Sat ews (Kerf al. 20 A) Tak Figute 3 Sis he viet rome lo fat Az the prea vst Havst rnb Py Bel che era, the prclomifane will disetiom cleave Wax oer wet, fh taj F deurece: hie Norm = ab fring tr amb for eet, anath wer an et iret wer abe ihsryed woh rolumely tower frequemrs. The Irslien frac of Trepreal Matoombouy (UTTM New Tithe CBSTON, TAS FA near man te. Accomiing wo World hue ln i Ue oan il aes Dswiagar Spon etree. crac Wiad oe fa is 4 What re feel pt hers pri at Nal Gruniésation (WHO 20) 0) esp, Pisthi i eohuidirest the sit pull cack (in atx wih oer 14 il hin tts) with sept tps tater Nivmuahr rtknestte an:tvttuce cer iiggh thf reas fe: swpttsin a achat (A Siem of the wenpling mio The sudy mio we eateggtred on om urban harkseumut te 3¢ deans; carey fics m the rath et south, and vous wast dimecinns wink nrben area how in oer Giroctom The major scumes of pollusion aver felon are then ma power planes, onal socio setusmnis: er schucular sen ica (Tiwas el 2015) Der the sty: perio: he pds inant wind ite atceved Wo NW with some wit eis fot rth Wet an aoa wat Uiretimy elu. TH ‘up Tesiue turin evan is sta in Hho WW abet oF beth tie sales, ‘The rennin itis Os, NO, an CO Were eae rita cut by continual opcrasing Wace zn atialprcts. O, fovele wrens rexel itsing ullrayin|ee phieeamett= Oy amaby?- er Tharmy Serine: 4M ut both tes) wwinels fometmme 90 the spwepring oF GV satan ar 254 om ‘The pwns wf me saermcnt wf amber -Hoer's Law, secondmg te wines the con somanpn of O) mn dizectly reaked fo amorphion oF LV hynt by Pe molecale, lathe 6 mst sor,ampe: ene pk a tore tromame: the reftrence stream ind fhe sample trent. The Byte ‘eforuc: trun aes toUBN = arMbr aR FEIN {te semine tel thew Hcy Antic reference sunt wave ‘The her tras exe ny the smtp wakioi rave dicey The volition! rilves altemite sample anil refirencs gat sarexrpym colli A mal Bin evcry Ibe The BY fighrmesnmc= nf bur the sareurme ye toca hy toy respective douse Iphomxdinden. The analyzer getermmes THe Wwerage: annem mamma oft the cll nnd gives the average soncsnirabe coum: The tection lam of the Oy amet 19 ppb: ac euniey lS amd espn tie is 20.< NOY levels were revonled by dian NO, sy/er (Tern Seicefic 426 at Dull stead wie ues en thw prise uF ebiilinnines Certo, ND Fences wish Oy to Stim NO, The excite ND, rukules abiow seilinpicsccm and peak at awsty (9) om ant Coe Tiee amuimty dati: Ye concentration WONOOND, measuenemty a dhe by eesrsetian TNC, into. NO by the molybukematn (N43) combat, The Uisctcn imma respon tims of the NO, amalyesr are OA mph aed {80s ronpextirely, fr) s averse HME, CV leveto Wee roonacd by 2 CO saniyacr (There Sexutiic 4% at Daly snd Teledyne 7200 at Agr: In the OD prayer, CO mos arom fe tusod on the ubeeqinon of tafe rao 07 smn wavelength. ete ataly ecu TR orc entenaes Aran Petes ‘bfoad beim maint Which passce dda a multipsi osll ‘ill with simile ait The col Wait aire Whithe awe nad Yo eHeatethe uthenth fects Hy rettect, TU edad oF $2 peleive mes i the bin Betws, hc rss #4 37-5 pan which Psi: je ras abot simp of it. Te dézcton Henit anu expamac time of CO anulyr ane-< 0004 ppm ami 6i) x repextivel, for 60)» aver aging fms, Zory 2tr goveration nk dymaee ge altar Tobey TO are use fe wexidy vm oni wpm epifatm sf the analyze CTiwar [Link], 2015; Verma x: a 2007) Auromuie Wouter Stanou WMIE31 Data Lager atsunaplans saieeie set fornoceniine manenologscal parameterever yand spood, winublirsctioms rfutive Iumiiy:Cerperitite,ani ao lr alti at 1 sts. “Ths Fine Infiniti Son Resouses Manages Serie AFTEIS) mebsto (hap Aire pans contie rasa en) ied for fine count dais rettiewil which woes MODIS insider Aig ml Tera sitll oF hata ctcctien) MODIS fy 4 scion over tw sun ayrehnenntis, pole exbiting sitlltc that room over the eqietor at appON ugcty (31 smn’ (Tora) and 1-31) parm (Aun) veh a ym time oF | 40-2 sys Ft Styervstmme hy MOS sre form! ove timer a day, Ht sum mrad mpc wemvee with 3 apoctal bans frm Q.4 to 142 um-wrwohongthe ra fe ‘kop fico wt 1 fox nomanal sport reaplubes st modi wsime sna atm cherinchs, Ties dtbetion serene wim con sexta lisetitnUustoe ot ul. 20028 Gago etal. 20057) tht ‘explis Whi dreme Geis rid infec ris bom, fies The jes att any fhe comm ith cance ‘ali X0rk mere gomdshed ta fiat hs umes of Ele: fire cision ‘The Commraphival Informations Situne (GIS) Resed Trajesnifweare hue stead for batheaamt air ares trapectory anaiyns (Wig ctl, 2809), GIYAS archers ssrzeed fram the NCEP glial dame wremilation spstern (1* 9.1) wy wea for sxinetng metearnhogien. put flex fr the mente. The do tailed description of the wpa fs stsady’ ben tics, ccriter statics Wanye et Oy pb rime wes 25:6, 0, anil | YS, Feet}, while Baring dae yt hirwoit pero 71% UEC) vali wire sexvoe inthe rng l)-40 pi, 1.65 i Mp add TE bine Ai ppb. Silay, at Deli the 1), galas observes fn the pre Narmct permed were in the roms 10-0 pr (VO), (080 pn (75a poral (aig oye 80 wi. the post harvest remind ©, valecs in diftcrom tangs wore IRN CIO 40 ppg, BFR CAM pb, wd ROE b> 80: pyby: Thee incicaice thot rclanvely iugher porcemaye of By sili fe abuse 8D pip m tho pat-mreest com com fparion Wo the ro hiarvent peri A verre amuse wae doe to cuiemans O, Tevc ut ot fhe sit Dama tho ps huis pod, meklomle entetabioms UR =) eat sceval vile eth junct Raréest penal » stromal cron (R =O) iyae whack (Fig 7} The atone comehution ob sexved betwen Oy lore the pt arises peti stg sie snneox oO, of a the sts AL Agra (nthe pretement peri, 0) kevele sy fm 1039 00 118538 poh wrt roe wales of ASR pp im thy pont hervsst pony he range woes MHA ASI ppb swith an avoragy voli of ELS ppb: In Ot damm pec — Fate Patterns Hrd Petia Rea aT re ru rr AGMA Gy roy Nig. 7 Coes ce wie a el he. Aan Se ates () vigates croplands ‘Rain-fed croplands ‘Mosaic Cropiarids/Vegetation ‘Massic Vegetation/Croptands ‘dosed to open broadieaved deciduous forest Open broadleaved deciduous forest Closed needle leaved evergreen forest Open needle leaved deciduous or evergreen forest Closed to open mixed broadleaved and needle leaved forest Mosaic Forest-Shrub tand/Grassland Mosaic Grasstand/Forest-Shrub tand Closed to open shrub land Closed to open grassiand ‘Sparse vegetation fmmg 19524 to open broadleaved forest rogularly Nootlad (fresh brackish water) Closed broadleaved forest permanently flooded (saline-brackish water) ‘Closed to open vegetation regularly flooded Artificial areas = ‘Bare areas [mw Water bodies [__| Permanent snow-land ice Im Nodata ig Nay atic rp ne mee ui aA a De gsi il lial cio ts (aty LA SFL vee 20% Py Dsitips Son Pt stub post arses potion: (he thoy CD mci ton we te tame 101TH ol (ati fee 25rd Sep 2d Os sible de to sone iil ver a We fata) si [UBD 2ORU ppt respectively. AU both ie ste stata sally siificin iSizous pp ~ 2001) wes cbeervo ie CO. Loved aitsgentings thet the high valcs of CU tm thks pet learveet poried may’ te imbutil fo erinp tesidse buamsing Himores, NOx doos nut sinyyy any spzmificant yarn i me ana port harvest rind at both the tos An, Agra, NO, evel mms- ane pot arvest pomwubs wore (2.8 8 75 ph aad 13.0277 pa rexpcconeiye sind io Dbl, tis aves woe 2096 10 ph ie the poche pened ated 20.5= 0.6 pp inv the pou lunview period. This may trated o the pis doers emilon OFRO, fn veliulaennamse Sabet a O12) whivb nit stro» eink rat lative re sil pat covet pinks J audition to NO, fas @ shot Jiftiue phous 2 asym) sn Gu he NOD al NC sy ‘he cmnivarrtel late oecrndity comaitiuets fike HNO and acs sol ras, (Py uta Fiky 20000 As metcorotigical parameter ploy am finpeinait efi free ess fovol (Oya ex al: MED; Yada va. ah, 216i, orcians wafer ratio, tempore, wiral epoed, wind roc; seid rotaing humfty. were recorded durin, be caudy pond (Hg 5): At Ages and Exfley, ao -apvaficcm @ficonce ym obvcrred am metcomlogict! patter: m pre-and pnt anvest peri At alle the ise, tie er ence betwen the mmm tispertanes wat Tese thin LS °C in boll the periods Thar aver nehaiive biumidity ots scrvall dutinas the pmihurveit pial ai Agel anid Dethy frat S37 74E dink 36 7-U19% stale ly the pad borvins Feiiol fora 755 72% und 902 563%, nsjioctincly ‘Slit rintion indents one alu sinibe Ge tell the pe vind with: rmilar faukation tits (7% h) AL Agra ya ig. 2 ay iio ie san dg toe sly pore fee tw Ales Fm Fie dips ilies emg Byte Gffrence wou cluceved a mean sib aheodvalace While at Dell hi wind ioc ctv tr Uc puta pe pod wat relatively fisher (3.24 |.0 més) 20 compared to fit proiksnest period (284 |. wiih, The prosisant (aiccting ini YH sy PO Yea mu ok (woth the sitex ‘Bari the etd ped hggher ively rms were ane ly srbacered ithe: et arv pont fe je hare px rind tim 28h Sept in Ira Ce, O, Howat: wore fez lang: ayore a9 wel es mate which may, he strbated i amporcof [Link] oz; radios w bomen: cal foemmion. Dang thes pono, (CU few tla sowed a inersading tren which may be dic ty sell firs stiles dfisarvsd mi NWIGR. The wind speed during: thin. period up itera ve ects wits NW) wove, fru Set lo Fo Ce. a pil irony wll feininanlly at ‘SHE ai lore yaw ay essa i wid pel ech rel ine docrszat i (9; Love, A sulle terse ja C0 level ins obssrveat ie 9b onal Uh Oe which vrighit he Ake: 99 fire activity ohesrved a XW aml Oth Ode, The relay Hire Cy Awe served im Xu | 2h ety be dao to titra oh by high feveleif N1 tan enhimermenr of 50.6% in NOPlevole wae nhscsvod an th. Oct an compra foe Ost, Classification af air mazsos Taner ty aitcuiivatt the vattihility Of O, arid CO bevels and He jathustow oF fea eane transfer oF irae, FEHB wo tejecunrcs are compu Urb he pero Fas 1 ‘uae Buh the rma the tmacebmres aera at sal sakes wore, cloweficl iat Pet clustre my the tee of heamce in THY (teal pial vrmanee) (Carvalho eal, 29h, Pee-Turvest Period Closed ta open hroadlesved deciduous forest Open broadieaved deciduous forest Closed needle leaved evergreen forest Open needle teaved deciduaus or evergreen forest = Closed to open mixed broadlesved and needle leaved forest ee Mosaic Fornst-Shrub tand/Grasstand Mosaic Grassland/Forest-Sheub land Closed ta open shrub land ‘Closed to open grasstand Closed broadleayed forest permanently flooded (saline-brackish water) [Ei Closed to open vegetation regularly flooded Artificial areas E Bare areas EB Water badies Permanent snow-land ice MB Nodats (fig. 20,srmestigoctncs sib cnet iets chasers ony sus ane im hana at Ae at peste ur fad eae ay unsny EA perce SF Pact Dsitips Son Pt z 2 ram em eh 3 5 ee | . | cb "y x LC ns rig cute Wivinc evens Ngee aig ce (Fa f1 (tee lerch dares hrm el ose ai rant Aga aD Darmy the pure barre period, the’ fighow ragueitey A tasjsctartce war abecreed in elinter:| (AC 346) at Ags Mm winob op muscs predimmantly prgmated Heitiovest CO Surfnee Stlaing Raat (PreTtaryeys Perinah uN Ree Cabs Lae Byte 19 LeFsHe IAF OW AES TE Sl data mar 10) rt oat topper !1C (0) calm dase pes el pak Ere peri a (8 ter le ‘nv he esas poll bp: ftret pct. HCL eis cal i the pte rh amd el Tava feo’ the [Link], Th clustee2 (34500); tnyecwriee eigenen ombure ith'= lip Ge pei, Tie Wajeetonies in chudice F (20.2%) ofiwintincd fram) the Anvabiay Skee With wae af ihe air peace puninel oves Gajrat and HRajebthione-§ pimilar wana erabeaivioe ae nhecrred! inthe posi tized period with predemt fall ipmemses aiving ffom th north Wextom. TazIOn, (cluster |, $6,7%4) Tolluwed by: vluster 2 24%) aad slayior3 (00%), Muring tho, pre-harvest periow, twir catayoron of airmmrncs wore observed at Neth, CTutcet acemmmed far se bighoas, frequency. (2.599 woth ne-massce profommantly aryginstimg tron tho norbiwesters region Cluster? comtribuled 17.5% ‘of the Uta see msicace mo ircdnimamtly nein enn th Anibion’Seit Dirt Me pat harvest peti, thros clusters of ait-manes wete ahicrvel, In eluster| (427%), sir penencs originating thyay the Ranh wean rein) wore Barve Hower, ia chiles 2 vir-rasscy Were arriving fiyrn thie munth

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