DON HONORIO VENTURA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bacolor, Pampanga

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

Department of Architecture

“MAJA”
A Sustainable Leisure Complex in Plaridel, Bulacan

AYA SHANE B. BAUTISTA

ADRIAN JOSEPH F. DAVID
MARFE R. TERNAL
2022
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Chapter 2:
PRESENTATION
OF DATA

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Chapter 2: PRESENTATION OF DATA

2.1 DATA MANAGEMENT

This chapter contains all of the information acquired from identifying the problem
to compiling a detailed analysis of the facts by gathering relevant information in a style
that makes it more understandable to the readers. The presentation entails the organizing
of data derived from existing thoughts and ideas. The research themes were identified
and presented using summarized graphs and tables, as well as other methodological
patterns. All of the information acquired was organized in a logical order, from the simplest
to the most complicated thoughts, and it was linked to the main subject.

2.1.1 PRESENT CONDITION

2.1.1A. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

Population

Based on the 2020 Census of population conducted by Philippine Statistics

Authority the total population of the municipality is 114,432 persons growing at annual
rate of 1.26% as of 2015-2020.

BARANGAY POPULA POPULA POPULA CHANGE ANNUAL

TION TION TION (2015-2020) POPULATION
PERCEN (2020) (2015) GROWTH RA
TAGE TE
(2020) (2015-2020)
Agnaya 2.47% 2,821 2,585 9.13% 1.86%
Bagong Silang 3.70% 4,237 3,322 27.54% 5.25%
Banga I 5.15% 5,829 7,030 -16.19% -3.65%
Banga II 7.64% 8,741 9,036 -3.26% -0.70%
Bintong 4.01% 4,585 4,122 11.23% 2.27%
Bulihan 5.90% 6,755 5,721 18.07% 3.56%
Culianin 5.88% 6,731 4,130 62.98% 10.83%
Dampol 3.04% 3,476 3,183 9.21% 1.87%
Lagundi 4.34% 4,962 4,243 16.95% 3.35%
Lalangan 1.97% 2,259 2,077 8.76% 1.78%
Lumang Bayan 4.90% 5,609 5,361 4.63% 0.96%
Parulan 7.81% 8,935 7,590 17.72% 3.49%
Poblacion 3.39% 3,878 3,901 -0.59% -0.12%
Rueda 1.59% 1,821 1,803 1.00% 0.21%
San Jose 4.38% 5,016 4,448 12.77% 2.56%
Santa Ines 2.55% 2,922 9,036 -1.05% -0.22%
Santo Niño 9.37% 10,721 10,761 -0.37% -0.08%
Sipat 6.84% 7,822 5,856 33.57% 6.28%

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Tabang 15.07% 17,249 19,683 -12.37% -2.74%

PLARIDEL 114,432 107,805 6.15% 1.26%
TOTAL:
Table 1: Demographic Profile of Barangays in Bulacan, Philippines
(From the Philippine Statistics Authority of 2020)

Census Date, House Population, Number of Households and Average Household

Size
Plaridel had 107,706 households in the 2015 Census, with an average of 4.41 people per
household.
CENSUS DATE HOUSEHOLD NUMBER OF AVERAGE
POPULATION HOUSEHOLDS HOUSEHOLD
SIZE
1990 May 1 52,927 9,955 5.32
1995 Sep 1 66,233 13,136 5.04
2000 May 1 80,423 16,596 4.85
2007 Aug 1 97,206 20,549 4.73
2010 May 1 101,403 22,521 4.50
2015 Aug 1 107,706 24,437 4.41
Table 2: Household Profile of Plaridel, Bulacan, Philippines
(From the Philippine Statistics Authority of 2015)

Age Group, Population, and Age Group Percentage

According to the 2015 Census, the age group with the highest population in Plaridel is 15
to 19, with 10, 708 individuals. Conversely, the age group with the lowest population is 80
and over, with 826 individuals.
AGE GROUP POPULATION (2015) AGE GROUP PERCENTAGE
Under 1 1,798 1.67%
1 to 4 7,787 7.22%
5 to 9 10,277 9.53%
10 to 14 10,134 9.40%
15 to 19 10,708 9.93%
20 to 24 10,353 9.60%
25 to 29 8,963 8.31%
30 to 34 8,679 8.05%
35 to 39 7,985 7.41%
40 to 44 6,896 6.40%
45 to 49 6,300 5.84%
50 to 54 5,259 4.88%
55 to 59 4,148 3.85%
60 to 64 3,290 3.05%
65 to 69 2,280 2.11%
70 to 74 1,232 1.14%

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75 to 79 890 0.83%
80 and over 826 0.77%
Total 107,805 100.00%
• Youth Dependency Ratio: 41.33
• Old Age Dependency Ratio: 7.2
• Total Dependency Ratio: 48.53
• Median Age: 26.59

Table 3: Demographic Profile of Barangays in Bulacan, Philippines

(From the Philippine Statistics Authority of 2015)

Population Density
• 3,527 inhabitants per square kilometer or 9,133 inhabitants per square mile.
• San Nicolas is the highest population density.

CENTRAL LUZON'S TOURISTS (2018)

Zambales

Tarlac

Subic

Pampanga

Nueva Ecija

Clark

Bulacan

Bataan

Aurora

0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000

Deccember November October September August July

June May April March February January

Table 4: Region-3, 2018 Tourism Statistics. As of 2017.

(From the Department of Tourism, Region III)

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CENTRAL LUZON'S TOURISTS (2018)

Zambales

Tarlac

Subic

Pampanga

Nueva Ecija

Clark

Bulacan

Bataan

Aurora

0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000

Deccember November October September August July

June May April March February January

Table 5: Region-3, 2018 Tourism Statistics. PARTIAL as of Oct. 24, 2018.

(From the Department of Tourism, Region III)

2.1.1 B. PHYSICAL DATA

The following data analysis and maps of the site location serve a significant
element affecting the development of the selected site. The primary data gathering
components will cover the Municipality of Plaridel Bulacan, as well as, the Barangay
Lagundi in which the site is situated.

Macro-Site Data

The municipality covers 32.44 square kilometers (12.53 square miles), accounting
for 1.17% of Bulacan's total land area. In the coastal province of Bulacan, Plaridel is a
landlocked municipality bounded by the towns of Pulilan, Bulacan; Guiguinto, Bulacan;
Balagtas, Bulacan; Baliuag, Bulacan; Paombong, Bulacan and Bustos, Bulacan;

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Bulacan is a province in the Philippines situated in the Central Luzon region occupying the
central section of Luzon. Its capital is the city of Malolos.

Climate
The hot season lasts for 1.5 months, from April 1 to May 19, with an average daily
high temperature above 93°F. The hottest month of the year in Plaridel is April, with an
average high of 94°F and low of 78°F.

The cool season lasts for 2.6 months, from November 20 to February 9, with an
average daily high temperature below 87°F. The coldest month of the year in Plaridel
is January, with an average low of 73°F and high of 86°F.

Topography
The municipal center of Plaridel is situated at approximately 14° 53' North,
120° 52' East, in the island of Luzon. Elevation at these coordinates is estimated at
16.3 meters or 53.5 feet above mean sea level. The property type of the site is a raw land
that good for Commercial or Housing Projects.

Nearest Municipality
• Pulilan, Bulacan, 2.30 kilometers (1.43 miles) to the Northwest (N34°W); 1min.
44sec. away from Plaridel, Bulakan
• Guiguinto, Bulacan, 6.64 kilometers (4.12 miles) to the South-Southeast (S18°E);
4min. 59sec. away from Plaridel, Bulakan.
• Balagtas, Bulacan, 8.88 kilometers (5.52 miles) to the South-Southeast (S33°E);
6min. 40sec. away from Plaridel, Bulakan
• Baliuag, Bulacan, 9.10 kilometers (5.66 miles) to the North-Northeast (N29°E);
6min. 50sec. away from Plaridel, Bulakan
• Paombong, Bulacan, 9.51 kilometers (5.91 miles) to the Southwest (S55°W);
7min. 8sec. away from Plaridel, Bulakan
• Bustos, Bulacan, 9.79 kilometers (6.08 miles) to the Northeast (N41°E); 7min.
21sec. away from Plaridel, Bulacan

Nearest Cities
• Malolos, Bulacan, 7.10 kilometers (4.41 miles) to the Southwest (S46°W); 5min.
20sec. away from Plaridel, Bulacan
• Meycauayan, Bulacan, 19.59 kilometers (12.17 miles) to the South-Southeast
(S33°E); 14min. 42sec. away from Plaridel, Bulacan
• Valenzuela, 21.74 kilometers (13.51 miles) to the South-Southeast (S25°E);
16min. 18sec. away from Plaridel, Bulacan
• San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, 21.86 kilometers (13.58 miles)
to the East-Southeast (S68°E); 16min. 24sec. away from Plaridel, Bulacan.
• San Fernando, Pampanga, 23.97 kilometers (14.89 miles) to the Northwest
(N48°W); 17min. 59sec. away from Plaridel, Bulacan

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• Malabon, 25.51 kilometers (15.85 miles) to the South-Southeast (S24°E); 19min.

8sec. away from Plaridel, Bulacan

Airports
• A soon to be airport is said to be done on the year 2026, and is located at Bulakan,
Bulacan. It’s distance to the site is approx. 32 min (10.4 km) via Plaridel Bypass
Rd; 36 min (14.2 km) via Arterial Rd; 36 min (12.1 km) via Bantayan St and
Plaridel Bypass Rd.
• Plaridel Airport (Community Airport) is approx, 4.1km; 3min. 5sec. away from the
site.
• The Clark International Airport is approx. 1 hr 11 min (64.9 km) via E1 distance
from the site.
• The Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) has a approx. distance of 1 hr 10
min (55.4 km) via Metro Manila Skyway and Pan-Philippine Hwy/AH26/E1/R-8; 1
hr 32 min (52.9 km) via Pan-Philippine Hwy/AH26/E1/R-8; 1 hr 34
min (48.0 km) via R-8 to the site.

Other Establishments/ Facilities Near the Site

• Philippine Arena is approx. 16.5km.; 12min. 23sec. away from the site
• City Mall is approx. 6km; 4min. 3sec. away from the site
• WalterMart Mall is approx. 6km; 4min. 3sec. away from the site
• Hotel RedDoorz @ El Highway for public is approx. 5.8km; 4min. 21sec away from
the site
• Matilde Sanctuary Bed and Breakfast for public is approx. 4.5km; 3min 23sec.
away from the site
• AeroStop Hotel & Restaurant approx. is 4.1km.; 3min. 5sec. away from the site
• Angat River is a body of water that is near the site, it is approx. 1.9km.;1min. 26sec.
away from the site

Maps

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Municipal Base Map of Plaridel, Bulacan

Soil Erosion Map in Plaridel, Bulacan

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Existing Land Use Plan in Plaridel, Bulacan

Proposed Land Use Plan in Plaridel, Bulacan

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Slope Map of Plaridel, Bulacan

Preliminary Flood Hazard Map

in Plaridel, Bulacan and its Neighboring Municipality

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Preliminary Groundshaking Hazard Map

in Plaridel, Bulacan and its Neighboring Municipality

2.1.1 C. SECTORAL DATA

General Public Services

The 1991 Local Government Code outlined the principal aim of local government
which is to provide the state with an effective and efficient government.

This will require a well-designed organizational structure, as well as competent

individuals to run the government bureaucracy.

Sectoral Data of the Province of Bulacan

Income and Expenditures

The main sources of revenue of Bulacan for the year 2018 were property taxes,
taxes on goods and services, other taxes and duties, government services, economic
enterprises and other such as receipts. As of 2018, the totaled assets of Bulacan is PHP
3.819 billion. The main expenditures include those for general administration, protective
services, social improvement, inter-government aids, social and economic development,
and capital outlays. The annual expenditures totaled PHP 11.166 billion.

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FAMILY INCOME AND EXPENDITURE

Total number of families 406,449
Annual average family income 179,572
Annual average family expenditure 136,636
Annual average family saving 42,936
Annual per capita income (except San Jose Del Monte) 42,414
Annual per capita expenditure (except San Jose Del Monte) 32,525
*Bulacan QuickStat as of December 2008 based on PSA

Social Services

Several nationally recognized public and private educational institutions are

located in the province, including Baliuag University (First school granted full autonomy in
Region 3), Bulacan State University (Main & Satellite Campuses), Bulacan Polytechnic
College (Malolos, Bocaue, Pandi, Angat, San Miguel, San Rafael, Obando & City of San
Jose del Monte Campus), Bulacan Agricultural State College (San Ildefonso & DRT
Campus), Poly (Malolos Campus). National University, a non-sectarian Manila-based
university, has opened its first campus outside of Metro Manila in the municipality of
Baliwag, as has Baliuag Polytechnic College, a public non-sectarian institution in Baliwag.

• Primary and intermediate

There are 475 public elementary schools in Bulacan, with 383 under the
Department of Education (DepEd) Division of Bulacan, 52 under the
Division of City Schools of San Jose del Monte, and 38 under the Division
of City Schools of Malolos.
• Secondary
Bulacan is home to 68 national and provincial public high schools. There
are 43 public high schools in the Division of Bulacan of the Department of
Education (DepEd), 18 public high schools in the Division of City Schools
of San Jose del Monte, three public high schools in the Division of City
Schools of Malolos, and four public high schools in the Division of City
Schools of Meycauayan.
• Private schools

In the province, there are numerous privately owned (by individuals or groups) and
church-run schools. Immaculate Heart of Mary School was founded in 1992 with fewer
than 200 students (as of 2016-17). The Bulacan Private Schools Association (BULPRISA)
represents private schools in the province, while the City of San Jose del Monte Private
Schools Association represents private schools in the city (CSanPRISA). Malolos City

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Private Schools Association is the umbrella organization for private schools in Malolos
(MACIPRISA). Private schools in Meycauayan are governed by the Meycauayan City
Private Schools Association (MEYCIPRISA). Private schools in Marilao are organized as
the Association of Private Schools in Marilao (APRISM).

Economic Services

The productive or working group, whose age’s ranges from 15 to 64 years old. This
constitutes the potential work of the Province. Of these, mostly are gainfully employed
primarily in agriculture and in industrial. With regards to the salaries and wages of
employees, the Local Government of Bulacan complies with National Salary Grade.

Physical Infrastructure

The province of Bulacan is known as "The Gateway to the Northern Philippines."

The North Luzon Expressway and Manila North Road (better known as the MacArthur
Highway) connect the province to Metro Manila, passing via Pampanga and the western
half of Northern Luzon (western Central Luzon, Ilocos and Cordillera Administrative
Region). The Cagayan Valley Road in Guiguinto connects Guiguinto with Nueva Ecija and
the eastern section of Northern Luzon (eastern Central Luzon and Cagayan Valley
Region). The C-6 Road connects the provinces of Rizal and Cavite, as well as the cities
of Taguig, Paraaque, and Muntinlupa in Metro Manila, to Bulacan.

Sectoral Data of Plaridel, Bulacan

Income and Expenditures

The main sources of revenue of Bulacan for the year 2020 were property taxes,
taxes on goods and services, other taxes and duties, government services, economic
enterprises and other such as receipts. As of 2020, the totaled assets of Plaridel is
₱989,895,454.95. The main expenditures include those for general administration,
protective services, social improvement, inter-government aids, social and economic
development, and capital outlays. The annual expenditures totaled ₱395,830,311.54.

Social Services

Education in the town of Plaridel is valued so it has a comprehensive level of

education from primary to tertiary level. The schools covered by the town of Plaridel
consist of private tertiary schools, public secondary schools and elementary levels for the
19 barangays of the town.

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Economic Services

The productive or working group, whose age’s ranges from 15 to 64 years old. This
constitutes the potential work of the municipality. Of these, mostly are gainfully employed
primarily in agriculture and in industrial. With regards to the salaries and wages of
employees, the municipal government of Plaridel complies with National Salary Grade.

Physical Infrastructure

The cities closest to Plaridel are Malolos, Bulacan, Meycauayan, Bulacan,

Valenzuela, San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, San Fernando, Pampanga, and Malabon. The
nearest municipalities are Pulilan, Bulacan, Guiguinto, Bulacan, Balagtas, Bulacan,
Baliuag, Bulacan, Paombong, Bulacan, and Bustos, Bulacan. Telecommunication
facilities are made available by the local exchange of the PLDT and the other companies.

2.1.1 D. INDUSTRY PROFILE

Industry Profile of the Province of Bulacan

Due to its proximity to Metro Manila, the province of Bulacan is rapidly becoming
industrialized. Bulacan is home to a slew of industrial enterprises and sites. Agribusiness;
aquaculture; banking; cement bag making; ceramics; construction; courier; education;
food/food processing; furniture; garments; gifts, housewares & decors; hospitals; hotels,
resorts and restaurants; information and communications technology; insurance; jewelry;
leather and leather tanning; manpower; manufacturing; marble; printing press;
pyrotechnics and fireworks manufacturing; realty/real property development; realty/real
property development.

Agriculture and aquaculture are still the main sources of income in rural areas.
Rice, corn, vegetables, and fruits like mangoes are among the most important crops.
Golden Bloom Orchids in Barangay Maguinao, San Rafael, Bulacan, has an orchid farm.
Aside from fishponds and rivers, Bulacan's fisheries include the Bustos Dam and
waterlogged areas. Bangus, tilapia, prawns, and catfish are among the major species
cultivated. According to Bureau of Agricultural Statistics data, this became Bulacan the
leading province in the production of Bangus (milkfish) (BAS).

Commerce and Trade

Bulacan is a 1st income class Province in Central Luzon. The Manila Electric
Company (MERALCO) supplies power or electricity to Bulacan and it illuminates the 23
Municipalities and 3 components cities under the Province. While Bulacan Water District
is the main provider of water supply throughout the Province and other citizens have level
1 artesian wells (individual jetmatic/hand pump) are its main sources of water. Other

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business establishment that rendered services to the people as follows: Gasoline stations,
Financing and Lending Institutions, Drug Store, Ricemill, Bakery, Fast food
Establishments and etc. Bulacan is served by all major banks with more than 200 banks
doing business in the province. The entrepreneurial culture is supported by the strong
cooperative movement with total assets of over Php. 2 Billion.

Industry Profile of Plaridel, Bulacan

Plaridel also produces agricultural products which becomes the main livelihood of
the citizens. Farming, poultry/livestock raising, garments and food processing is the
primary means of livelihood in this town. Rice, Bakeries and Fish Products are its main
products. Horticulture and fishpond enterprises are also undertaken.

Commerce and Trade

Plaridel is a 1st class municipality in the province of Bulacan. The Manila Electric
Company (MERALCO) supplies power or electricity to Plaridel and it illuminates the 19
barangays covered by the town. While Plaridel Water District is the provider of water
supply throughout the town and other citizens have level 1 artesian wells (individual
jetmatic/hand pump) are its main sources of water. Other business establishment that
rendered services to the people as follows: Gasoline stations, Financing and Lending
Institutions, Drug Store, Ricemill, Bakery, Fast food Establishments and etc. For small and
medium enterprises such as sash factories, CHB making and other crafting.

2.1.2 PRIMARY DATA

In this part includes the different sources where primary data and information were
gathered and the tactics that was employed to construct the research study was through
interview. The proponents interviewed some of the residents of Bulacan and some
professionals, through a social media application.

Residents

Interviewed residents of Bulacan (respondents) indicated that Bulacan have a

diverse traditions and culture all throughout province, that can increase the awareness of
the proponents about the area. The majority of the respondents visits an entertainment
and recreational facilities 5-10 times each month, and that they will choose to travel to a
nearby facility that offers the same services and excellent accommodations.

All of them identified these three aspects where they believed Bulacan lacks:
recreation, entertainment and public transit. And they also added that, a leisure complex
will further aid the economic growth of the province of Bulacan. Likewise, it would be a

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tremendous opportunity to create new jobs for the people, but they were uncertain that
this would provide a response or have a huge effect on poverty.

Whilst there’s a threat of the West Valley Fault; it is seemed that most of the
respondents are aware of it and a few of the regulations that is needed in order to build
an establishment or building.

Professionals

Interviewed professionals acknowledged that the proponents must consider their

investors' planning and design ideologies. Second, the location is critical in determining
whether or not it is economically significant. Finally, the target market, in order to
understand the demands of the building's users. The leisure and well-being of the users
or patrons are the top priority in designing the said complex. It was also said that the
proponents make a note of the province of Bulacan's particular cultural feature in order to
differentiate it from the current leisure complexes, so that the proponents' leisure complex
will have something that the others do not have. Additionally, it must adhere to existing
building codes, as well as, safety rules and regulations.

The idea of sustainability is to conserve resources. In this day and age, a

sustainable environment is advocated since we need to protect what we already have in
light of the climate change. It is recommended that the complex adopt LEED conformance
to the sustainability standard and recommendations.

Today, leisure is a 'need' rather than a 'desire.' Leisure activities have an important
part in economic growth by attracting more tourists to the country. The complex's
development and operation can provide individuals with numerous work opportunities and
contribute to the economic development. The leisure complex is required not only to
increase the economy of the chosen location, but also to ensure the well-being of the
users or patrons.

Moreover, in terms of the marketing of the project the unique cultural aspect of the
province of Bulacan, that will be integrated, will make people come back and visit the
complex. It will also attract new patrons and such. The usage of the social medias is also
prominent in the interview. Due to the fact that it can attract people from abroad.

To further read the individual professional interview and the collective responses
of the residents, these can be viewed on the Tables and Graphs.

2.1.3 TABLES and GRAPHS

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Bulacan Ranking in Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index (CMCI)

48 49
44

9 8

2015 2016 2018 2019 2020

Bulacan

Table 6: Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index (CMCI)

(From the [Link])

Income and Expenditure

FAMILY INCOME AND EXPENDITURE

Total number of families 406,449
Annual average family income 179,572
Annual average family expenditure 136,636
Annual average family saving 42,936
Annual per capita income (except San Jose Del Monte) 42,414
Annual per capita expenditure (except San Jose Del Monte) 32,525
Table 7: Bulacan QuickStat as of December 2008 based on PSA

Collective responses of the citizens of Bulacan

Interviewed Bulacan residents (respondents) requested the proponents not to

include their identities in the study, which the proponents agreed to. It is why the table of
the interview with the respondents is a simplified form.

Questions Responses
Bulacan is well-known place for its history
and traditions, it’s land, culture and
specially the people. Malolos Bulacan is
What is the identity of Bulacan?
once became the capital of the Philippine.
Meycauayan as the Jewelry Capital of the
Philippines. Bulacan also known for its rich

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religious activities such as Fertility dance

in Obando and Fluvial Parade in Bocaue.

Most of the respondents are aware of the

West Valley Fault. The implications and
consequences of this will have a greater
Are you aware that a great part Bulacan
impact on infrastructure. In which, will
laying on top of the West Valley Fault?
definitely cause a ripple effect to the
What are the impacts or effects in your
citizens; there are several regulations in
community?
constructing a structure on top of a fault
line.

Recreation, Entertainment and Public

What facilities or building do you think
transport.
lacks in your area?

Do you prefer visiting a mall located within It is more efficient, and less hassle.
your area? Why?
At least 5-10 time a month they visited
How often do you visit a commercial
entertainment and leisure establishments.
establishment, mall, etc. in a month?

Indeed, the residents think developing

Do think building a leisure complex in such complex will become an excellent
Bulacan is a great idea? concept for tourism purposes.

Conducive to buy and to sell, more

To you, what is the significance or benefit
efficient, and it is for leisure activities.
of a mall?

Developing a mall in the area will enhance

To your community, what do you think a
the tourism and to allow to gain profits.
mall can contribute?

Do think building a leisure complex in Certainly, this could be an answer to these

Bulacan is an answer to different social kinds of issues, but poverty they seem not
problems; unemployment, unequal to believe so.
opportunities, poverty, etc.?

Do you think that this project, a leisure They do believe, especially there’s an on-
complex in Bulacan will succeed and be going construction of the Bulacan airport
known not only locally, but also and other projects of the government.
internationally?

Table 8: Interview with the Residents of Bulacan

Interviewed professionals

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Interviewee: Ar. Amiel Escalane, uap

Questions Responses
“First thing you should consider when
designing is your target market. Same
thing in building a house, the most
What considerations/advices can you give important aspect in designing is to
in terms of building a leisure complex consider the needs of the user. For the
(mall, hotel, casino)? leisure aspect, find something that only the
province of Bulacan can offer and make it
your centerpiece. In that way, you can
have something that any other provinces
don't have.”

“Sustainability is for conservation

purposes. Sustainable environment is
What are/is the importance of encouraged nowadays because we need
Sustainability and the Filipino concept in to conserve what we have knowing that
building new infrastructures here in the climate change is happening. In addition,
Philippines? we have concepts/systems from the past
that we can use for sustainability purposes
like having rain water collectors etc.”

“When you market a certain leisure

complex, you should know what the
possible strength that the project will have.
How can we market the said leisure You have to find something special about
complex? Bulacan that will make people from other
places to come visit your complex.
Showcase new attractions, and in terms of
architecture, you can exhibit a new design
to attract people.”

“Leisure is not just a 'want' today, it is a

'need'. There's a need for this kind of
As a professional, how do you see the development not just to boost the
relevance of the leisure complex in today’s economy but also for the well-being of
economy and for the community? people's mental health. Leisure complexes
offers different kinds of leisure activities
and this will allow people to relax from the
stress of work.”

“Based on your studies stated above, yes,

I agree Bulacan can handle this kind of

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Is it ideal to build a leisure complex in development. It will surely help its

Bulacan? community and Bulacan itself, in terms of
tourism and economy growth.”

“My recommendations for the project is to

study all the possible advantages and
disadvantages of building a leisure
complex in your chosen area. Always
What are your recommendations about the consider the people who are going to use
study? it, and the people who'll get affected by the
development either it's in a good way or a
bad way. And don't limit yourself for the
possibilities and move people through
Architecture.”

Table 9: Interview with Ar. Escalane, A., uap

Interviewee: Ar. Christian Kabiling, uap

Questions Responses
What considerations/advices can you give “A leisure building should promote well-
in terms of building a leisure complex being of the occupants. The said building
(mall, hotel, casino)? should also conform to the existing
building codes and safety rules and
regulations of the country. Furthermore, all
phases of construction should be
considered.”
What are/is the importance of “Sustainability is an essential
Sustainability and the Filipino concept in consideration in promoting environment
building new infrastructures here in the wellness and economic growth.”
Philippines?

“Aside from bulletins, the building can be

How can we market the said leisure marketed through content creation using
complex? the existing social media outlets.”

As a professional, how do you see the “Construction and operation of a leisure

relevance of the leisure complex in today’s building can generate jobs and can
economy and for the community? promote wellbeing of the customers
served by it.”

Is it ideal to build a leisure complex in “A feasibility study should be done to

Bulacan? answer this question.”

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“A feasibility and marketing study should

What are your recommendations about the be done to determine the location and best
study? possible are option if a leisure park is
needed.”

Table 10: Interview with Ar. Kabiling, C., uap

Interviewee: Engr. Diana Tiongson Romero

Questions Responses
“It is vital to know the investors
perspective when planning to build a
leisure complex. Second, is to know and
study the preferred location where the
What considerations/advices can you give structures will be constructed. Third,
in terms of building a leisure complex identify the people around the community
(mall, hotel, casino)? and neighboring areas where the
structure will rise. And lastly, choose your
desired customer level. Knowing your
ideal costumer level plays a vital role in
deciding the profitable type of leisure
structure you will build.

When planning the type of structure, it

is best to foresee the best and unique
design feature of your structure. Most
Engineers, Architect and even investors
now a days are considering to include in
their design a more environment friendly
and more resilient structure due to threat
in global warming. Investor are now
adopting the international approach for a
greener building construction, for
example, by acquiring the LEED
certification for their projects. LEED is an
international organization who certifies a
building that were constructed in
compliance to their sustainability
standard. The certification is evaluated
and issued in different category of
building sustainability such as Certified,
Silver, Gold and Platinum.”

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“Sustainable building plays a vital role to

help reduce the threat of global warming.
That is why, Engineers and Architects
around the globe are adopting the LEED
What are/is the importance of standards when designing and building
Sustainability and the Filipino concept in sustainable structure. Filipino Architects
building new infrastructures here in the and Engineers are already adopting this
Philippines? type of sustainable structure, in fact, there
are already developer in the country who
acquired the LEED certification of their
building.”

How can we market the said leisure “Depending on your project target market,
complex? if your market prospectus is to become
global, then the fastest and most
economical to introduce your project is
thru the technology. Internet websites and
various social media application like
Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, etc., will
market your project internationally. Also,
when your project is on the introduction
process either online or publication, it is
important to highlight the events and
promotion of your project, adding the best
and unique features of your structure, to
attract more visitors and/or tourists.”
“Leisure activity has a vital role to help the
As a professional, how do you see the growth of the economy, as it attracts more
relevance of the leisure complex in today’s tourist in the country. Building more leisure
economy and for the community? complex will bring more promising jobs in
the community.”
“Bulacan is a promising province as it is
very accessible from the National Capital
Region. It could be ideal to develop leisure
Is it ideal to build a leisure complex in structure in this province; it will just need to
Bulacan? identify the right location where the leisure
compound will be developed. Additionally,
the proposed New Manila International will
soon be rise in the province, so this could
be a promising location to develop more
leisure structure.”
“This survey study is quite commendable,
as it might help the subject to prosper in its
leisure development. Moreover, the

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What are your recommendations about the assessor may also consider to include in
study? the study the most ideal leisure to fit-in in
the subject.”
Table 11: Interview with Engr. Reomero, D. T.

2.2 CASE STUDIES

2.2.1 SCOPE and DELIMITATIONS

SCOPE

The studies are divided into two categories; Local studies and Foreign studies.
Two popular Recreational facilities for the Local study will state which can help the
proponents regarding the feasibility, convenience, reality and distinction of the project.
Two foreign studies will be reviewed with regards to ideas of considerations that can be
considered so that the project can be competitive not only nationally but also
internationally. The studies will give ideas on how and what are the considerations in
expensive facilities such as luxury malls abroad. Studies on the use of different strategies
such as the use of Sustainable Architecture aesthetically combined with Parametric
Design, inspirations in aesthetic conversation using different symbolism and consideration
of facilities and services that will definitely be enjoyed by the target market are the focus
of the proponents.

DELIMITATION

• Detailed construction phase and floor plans of the related studies

• Feasibility Studies
• Detailed Project Analysis

2.2.2 CASE STUDIES

Local Case Studies

Hann Casino Resort

(Punto! Central Luzon, PhilStar Global, IAG)

Han Casino Resort, located at Clark Freeport Zone, is Central Luzon's first world-
class, luxurious completely integrated resort. The former Widus Hotel and Casino complex
was expanded and rebranded as part of the new plan. Hann Casino, Clark Marriott,
Swissotel Clark, and, in a few years, Mercure Hotel will be featured in the all-new lifestyle
resort. Hann Casino Resort, the first deluxe sub-brand under the master brand Hann
Resorts, will elevate the gaming, entertainment, leisure, restaurants, accommodation, and
shopping experiences in the Philippines to new heights.

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The very first phase of the expansion project covered 130,000 square meters and
will include a "world-class gaming space," as well as 380 luxury hotel rooms disperse
across 19 floors, specialized gourmet options, chain stores, a swimming pool, an
executive lounge, and conference halls, such as a ballroom and function rooms. It also
upped their casino, with a total of 800 slot machines, and a hundred of gaming tables.

The group also stated that the project, “will showcase of modern architecture
aesthetically accompanied by nature and lush green landscapes with an exquisite facade
highlighting lines and contours parading structural impressions of the Banaue rice
terraces,” and incorporate traditional and new facets of Korean architecture and culture,
which will be a great deal, due to their target market are mostly Koreans that visits the
area of Clark. This will even help the economy to boost and will generate 1,000 job
opportunities for the Filipino people.

The casino was designed by the international interior design firm Aedas Interiors
HK and local interior design firm Aidea. They provide the highest gaming in a luxurious
Filipino setting. Moreover, patrons can be confident that Hann Casino prioritizes the safety
and well-being of its clients and employees. Their operating safety protocols were
improved in order to comply with government-mandated metrics. The casino areas have
air conditioning use Under Floor Air Distribution (UFAD), guarantees that the air in the
casino is constantly sanitized of toxins such as cigarette smoke, organic compounds, and,
more importantly, air - borne pathogenic organisms including the SARS-CoV-2 virus,
which generates Covid-19.

The group also clarified that they have decided to hire AECOM to initiate an
environmental study to help ensure that all of their design features and business functions
are sustainable and therefore do not damage the environment. He went on to say that the
BCDA has a set of rules which they must take in order to identify every one of these issues.

Okada Manila

(PhilStar Global, INAX, Universal Entertainment Corporation)

Okada Manila is located at Parañaque, Metro Manila. It is the presumably the

grandest casino entertainment resort in Manila. It provides a full entertainment package
to its guests who come from around the world, including a casino floor, one of the world's
biggest water features, deluxe hotel accommodations, high-end service establishments,
haute cuisine places that deliver all of the world's flavors, an oceanfront and night club
contained in a geodesic glass dome, and much more. The Chairman of Okada Manila
Stated that, “Okada Manila will be so iconic it will attract tourist and investors from all over the
world,” and it will compete with those in Singapore and Las Vegas.

Spans with 44 hectares of the Entertainment City. An allotted gaming space with
26,400 square meters. A recognizable Y-shaped design will include two hotel wings, the Pearl
and Coral Wings, each of which has 15 floors and is linked by two sky bridges, totaling
flamboyant 993 hotel rooms, which provide the views of the Manila Bay or The Fountain. It

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also serves an upscale retail boardwalk with both exclusive and public outlets, expansive
entertainment floors, a health and wellness center, dome nightclub, an indoor beach club, and
casual and signature gourmet restaurants.

Furthermore, around 400 table games more than 2,500 slot gaming machines. A
luxurious and lavish night club entertainment complex with a fullest limit of 4,500 patrons. The
Garden is a picturesque open area with a view of Manila Bay. It has more than 30,000 square
meters of groomed lush vegetation and over a 3,000 square meters of five ponds. For the
leisure and relaxation of the patrons.

The tropical flowers of the Philippines were cited as a major creative force for the
interior decoration by architects Miurashin Associates. The lobby sets the mood for the hotel's
interior. As seen on the massive columns that fill up through the reception area like a forest of
humungous mushroom, with the prominent colors of magenta and gold trim. The columns are
covered with cloth to hide the building’s structure. They also used a mixture of Chinese
lanterns, Japanese painted screens, and traditional geometric designs in the Korean dining
area, as an aesthetic motif in the guests’ rooms. Natural lighting was introduced to the
bathrooms for the patrons to feel the light and airy feeling, as well as, the view of the Manila
Bay. Moreover, it was stated that, “it is an open space, where we are most naked,” for the
patrons to feel that they are connected with nature.

Foreign Case Studies

Hilton Singapore Orchard

(Prestige Online – Singapore, Executive Traveller)

Hilton Singapore Orchard, located at Orchard Road, Singapore, which is the heart
of the busiest shopping centers and destinations. It is adjoining the Hilton Shopping
Gallery. It is a desirable area for both business and leisure guests, especially since
Somerset MRT station is only a block away. It provides a convenient location for
discovering the city's premier shopping and leisure district.

The Hilton Singapore Orchard is the biggest real estate and undisputed flagship in
the Asia-Pacific. With 1,080 newly renovated guest rooms and suites spread throughout
two towers. It also has five suite categories, including one with a lavish 1,657 square foot
Presidential Suite. Furthermore, it was stated, that it was designed by interior design firm
Avalon Collective, the interior of the guestrooms and suites are slick and spotless, with
botanical detailing that pays tribute to Singapore's status as a garden city.

A two fully equipped fitness centers are available round the clock each day, and
patrons can swim laps in the outdoor swimming pool. And there are 16 multi-functional
event areas ranging over 2,400 square meters, two of which are column less ballrooms
outfitted with cutting-edge LED walls, lighting, and acoustic innovations which can
accommodate up to 1,000 patrons.

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It houses five vivid restaurants which design is implemented kitchens in the design
aesthetic of a home and serves enhanced recreations of cultural favorites. It is led by
Estate, an all-day buffet venue, while US chef and former James Beard Foundation
Outstanding Chef Award winner, Nancy Silverton, her New York Italian pizzeria, Osteria
Mozza.

Paragon Shopping Centre

(DP Architects)

Paragon Shopping Centre, located at Singapore’s Orchard Road. It is a high -

end mall; Haute couture stores, restaurants, designer clothing stores, and sports
boutiques are scattered across the mall's six levels.

Two adjoining existing buildings were attached, creating a passageway to

accommodate a fresh concentration of top tier fashion branches along 115 meters of
frontage, in an attempt for Singapore and its multinational prestige counterparts to stay
the high-end retail destination. Despite the 14-story tower of medical clinics, the ideals of
façade eloquence and connectivity were outlined across every stage of the project.

The integration of two atria into each existing structure, as well as wide halls on
each floor and clerestory window spans, boosted the transparency and internal visibility
within the shopping mall. A marvelous building facade greets visitors, which is adequately
supported by a very robust steel structure at the arched glass entryway. It shines
wonderfully, attracting countless of people's attention — shining brightly when sunlight
reaches it and gleaming as evening approaches.

2.2.3 SUMMARY and RECOMMENDATIONS

SUMMARY

The continued economic growth of the province of Bulacan is its strength to

continue to develop the towns or municipalities under its jurisdiction. With the continued
growth of the province’s economy, economic demands as well as business opportunities
are also growing. The vibrant economy of the province is a powerful weapon to keep the
businesses that are already established and will be built in the area. The proponents
believe that the Province of Bulacan is open and ready for large businesses such as a
Leisure Complex based on the data and information gathered. The proponents aim to
make a design which meet the appropriate architectural practices, prescribed functional
programs, and conform to applicable codes. It is also aim to have a sustainable design
that can give attention to the aspects of environmental awareness, and an architectural
response to mitigate the effects of climate change. The proponents are also united in
promoting culture through the use of the principles of Filipino architecture which will also
provide an opportunity for the province to showcase its unique beauty and wealth.

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2.2.3 Research Topics

The Project that will be the first sustainable Leisure Complex design in the Province of
Bulacan. This Project exemplifies the proponent stand for a world-class community that
strives to preserve or improve its economy, the quality of its environment, and the health
and well-being of the Community. Parametric design makes the design environment more
flexible to changes, it allows for better client communication. It generates a number of
different structure-building possibilities. This allows transitioning from one structural
component to another easy. And, if done well, the designs should have a significant
positive impact on our health and happiness.

• RESEARCH TOPICS

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE

What is Sustainable Architecture?

Sustainable architecture is a broad word that refers to structures that are
built to reduce humanity's environmental effect. The choice of building materials,
the design and execution of heating, cooling, plumbing, waste, and ventilation
systems, and the integration of the built environment into the natural landscape
are all part of an eco-friendly approach to modern-day construction.

Environmental benefits
• Decreases our Ecological Footprint
• Reduces Solid Waste
• Reducing reliance on non-renewable resources

Social Benefits
• Improved environmental quality
• Neighborhood restoration
• Reduced health risks from pollutants associated with building energy use

Economic Benefits

• Longer building lifetimes

• Improved ability to attract new employees
• Reduced expenses for dealing with complaints
• Less time and lower costs for project permitting resulting from community
acceptance and support for sustainable projects

APPLICATION

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Applying Sustainable Architecture aims to limit negative consequences on

the environment as well as the health and comfort of building occupants, resulting
in better building performance. The main goals of sustainability are to limit
nonrenewable resource consumption, eliminate waste, and create healthy,
productive settings. Using a sustainable design philosophy encourages decisions
at every stage of the design process that will have a positive influence on the
environment and the health of the inhabitants while not sacrificing the bottom line.
It's a comprehensive, integrated approach that promotes compromise and
tradeoffs. Design, construction, operation, all benefit from an integrated approach.

• RESEARCH TOPICS

PARAMETRIC DESIGN

• What is Parametric Design?

The use of computers to alter geometric forms and components in order to
generate complex structures and architectural designs is known as parametric
design. Apart from architecture, it is applied in domains such as technology
integrated software and engineering.

Benefits of Parametric Design

• Innovativeness
• Create accurate designs with retained quality
• Adaptive architecture
• Financially well defined

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