Given \( \lim_{x \to a} f(x) = \infty \) and \( \lim_{x \to a} g(x) = c \) where \( c > 0 \), \( f(x) \) becomes arbitrarily large positively as it approaches \( a \). Concurrently, \( g(x) \) remains near \( c \) such that \( g(x) \approx c \) for some \( 0 < \epsilon \). Since \( f(x) \) magnifies, its multiplication with a finite non-zero positive \( c \) perpetually results in \( \infty \) because the product of an unbounded term and positive constant exceeds any target level \( M \), generated here by \( c \times(\text{arbitrarily large number}) \).

To prove \( \lim_{x \to a} n\sqrt{x} = n\sqrt{a} \), we use the \( \epsilon, \delta \)-definition of limits. For any \( \epsilon > 0 \), select \( \delta = \frac{\epsilon}{3} \). Since \( (b^n - c^n) = (b - c)(b^{n-1} + b^{n-2}c + ... + c^{n-1}) \) [Hint from Source 2], we can approximate \( n\sqrt{x} \) as approaching a geometric mean value close to \( n\sqrt{a} \) because this expression becomes arbitrarily close to 0 as \( x \to a \). This ensures the product \( |n\sqrt{x} - n\sqrt{a}| < \epsilon \) for appropriately small \( |x-a| < \delta \).

If \( \lim_{x \to a} f(x) = \infty \), then for any arbitrarily large number \( M > 0 \), there exists a \( \delta_1 > 0 \) such that \( 0 < |x-a| < \delta_1 \) implies \( f(x) > M - c \). Since \( \lim_{x \to a} g(x) = c \), for any \( \epsilon > 0 \), there exists a \( \delta_2 > 0 \) such that \( 0 < |x-a| < \delta_2 \) implies \( |g(x) - c| < \epsilon \). By choosing \( \epsilon = 1 \), \( g(x) \approx c \). Therefore, for the combined function \( f(x) + g(x) \), for any \( M > 0 \), choosing \( \delta = \min(\delta_1, \delta_2) \) ensures \( f(x) + g(x) > M \) as \( x \to a \) because \( f(x) > M - c \) and \( g(x) \approx c \).

To evaluate \( \lim_{x \to 9^-} (\sqrt{9-x} + \lfloor x + 1 \rfloor) \), recognize that as \( x \to 9^- \), \( \lfloor x + 1 \rfloor = \lfloor 9 - \epsilon + 1 \rfloor = 10 \) when \( 0 < \epsilon < 1 \). Simultaneously, \( \sqrt{9-x} \approx \sqrt{\epsilon} \) goes to zero as \( \epsilon \to 0 \). Therefore, the limit becomes \( 10 + 0 = 10 \). This demonstrates the role of the floor function ensuring the integer result at the limiting boundary while the radical term minimizes towards zero .

The precise definition of a limit at infinity, \( \lim_{x \to \infty} f(x) = L \), states that for every \( \epsilon > 0 \), there exists a number \( N \) such that for all \( x > N \), \( |f(x) - L| < \epsilon \). To demonstrate \( \lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{x}{2x+1} = \frac{1}{2} \), we simplify the expression to \( \frac{1}{2 + \frac{1}{x}} \). As \( x \to \infty \), \( \frac{1}{x} \to 0 \), so \( \frac{1}{2 + 0} = \frac{1}{2} \). Thus, for any \( \epsilon > 0 \), letting \( N = \frac{1}{2\epsilon} \), ensures \( x > N \) implies \( \left| \frac{x}{2x+1} - \frac{1}{2} \right| < \epsilon \).

The \( \epsilon, \delta \)-definition for \( \lim_{x \to a} f(x) = L \) establishes that for any \( \epsilon > 0 \), a \( \delta > 0 \) exists such that \( 0 < |x-a| < \delta \) implies \( |f(x) - L| < \epsilon \). This \( \delta \) applies equally to points \( x \to a^- \) and \( x \to a^+ \), as \( 0 < |x-a| < \delta \) includes all approaches to \( a \) from both sides, enforcing \( |f(x) - L| < \epsilon \) for both one-sided limits .

To evaluate \( \lim_{x \to \infty} \left( \sqrt{x^2 + x} - \sqrt{x^2 - x} \right) \), multiply the expression by the conjugate \( \frac{\sqrt{x^2 + x} + \sqrt{x^2 - x}}{\sqrt{x^2 + x} + \sqrt{x^2 - x}} \). This simplifies to \( \frac{(x^2 + x) - (x^2 - x)}{\sqrt{x^2 + x} + \sqrt{x^2 - x}} = \frac{2x}{\sqrt{x^2 + x} + \sqrt{x^2 - x}} \). As \( x \to \infty \), \( \sqrt{x^2 + x} \approx \sqrt{x^2} = x \) and \( \sqrt{x^2 - x} \approx x \), resulting in the limit \( \frac{2x}{2x} = 1 \).

The \( \epsilon, \delta \)-definition asserts that \( \lim_{x \to a} f(x) = L \) means for every \( \epsilon > 0 \), there is a \( \delta > 0 \) such that whenever \( 0 < |x - a| < \delta \), \( |f(x) - L| < \epsilon \). For the function to have equal one-sided limits, both \( \lim_{x \to a^-} f(x) \) and \( \lim_{x \to a^+} f(x) \) must also equal \( L \) using the same \( \delta \), ensuring \( |f(x) - L| < \epsilon \) whenever \( x \) approaches \( a \) from either side .

To prove \( \lim_{x \to a} 3\sqrt{x} = 3\sqrt{a} \) using the \( \epsilon, \delta \)-definition, for any \( \epsilon > 0 \), choose \( \delta = \left(\frac{3\epsilon}{9}\right)^2 \) ensuring \( 0 < |x-a| < \delta \). Therefore, \( |3\sqrt{x} - 3\sqrt{a}| \leq 3 \left| \sqrt{x} - \sqrt{a} \right| \leq \frac{3\epsilon}{3} = \epsilon \) by controlling \( |x-a| \) under \( \delta \) bounds tight approximation limits by squaring both sides within limit constraints .

To verify \( \lim_{x \to 3} \left( \frac{4}{3x-2} \right) = 2 \) using \( \epsilon, \delta \), for a given \( \epsilon > 0 \), we require \( \left| \frac{4}{3x-2} - 2 \right| < \epsilon \) whenever \( 0 < |x-3| < \delta \). Simplifying, \( \left| \frac{4 - 6x + 4}{3x-2} \right| < \epsilon \) implies \( \frac{2|x-3|}{3x-2} < \epsilon \). Setting \( \delta = \min\left(1, \frac{18\epsilon}{4 + 3\epsilon}\right) \), where restrictions tighten bounds \( 1-\epsilon \). With \( x \neq \frac{2}{3} \), function approaches vertically \( x \to 3 \) forms consistency under standard delta conditions .