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Anemias:
Iron Deficiency Anemia
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 Series
01 02 03
Iron Deficiency Pernicious Folate Deficiency
Anemia Anemia

04 05 06
Aplastic Anemia Sickle Cell Thalassemia
Anemia
Introduction
Iron deficiency anemia occurs when the
body doesn't have enough iron to
produce hemoglobin, which is necessary
for red blood cells to carry oxygen
throughout the body. It's the most
common type of anemia globally.
 Important Information

PREVALENCE RISK FACTORS CAUSES

Inadequate dietary intake of iron-
IDA is a widespread condition, Poor dietary habits
rich foods.
affecting people of all ages and Pregnancy or breastfeeding
Poor absorption of iron due to
backgrounds. It's particularly Chronic diseases (e.g., gastrointestinal disorders
prevalent in children, kidney disease, cancer) Blood loss from chronic conditions
adolescents, pregnant women, Certain medications that (e.g., ulcers)
and elderly individuals, as well as interfere with iron Increased demand for iron during
in developing countries where absorption (e.g., proton periods of rapid growth (e.g.,
nutritional deficiencies are more pump inhibitors, antacids) infancy, adolescence, pregnancy)
common.
 Symptoms
Fatigue
Weakness
Pale skin
Shortness of breath
Headaches
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Cold hands and feet
Brittle nails
Irregular heartbeat
Diagnosis (Blood Tests)
Complete blood count (CBC)
Determines the levels of red blood cells,
hemoglobin, and hematocrit. Low levels
indicate anemia.

Serum ferritin
Measures the body's iron stores. Low
levels suggest iron deficiency.

Total iron-binding capacity (TIBC)

Measures the body's ability to bind iron
with transferrin. Elevated levels suggest
iron deficiency.
TREATMENT
 Dietary changes
Encourage consumption of
iron-rich foods such as lean
meats, poultry, fish, beans,
lentils, tofu, spinach, fortified
cereals, and nuts.
 Iron Treatment
Adults

Oral iron Ferrous sulfate 325

supplementation is The usual dose of mg (contains about
typically in the form of elemental iron is 100 65 mg of elemental
ferrous sulfate, to 200 mg per day, iron) taken one to
ferrous gluconate, or divided into two to three times a day is a
ferrous fumarate. three doses. common regimen.
 Iron Treatment
Children

The dose of elemental For example, a child

iron for children is weighing 20 kg might
usually 3 to 6 This is often divided be prescribed about
mg/kg/day but into two to three 60 to 120 mg of
should not exceed 150 doses. elemental iron per
mg per da day, divided into two
or three doses.
 Note That
Iron therapy should continue for several
months, even after the normalization of
hemoglobin, to replenish iron stores. The
duration of therapy is typically around 3 to 6
months, but it can be longer depending on the
severity of the deficiency and the patient's
response to treatment.
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