Quadratic Equations Practice Worksheets
Quadratic Equations Practice Worksheets
Chapter 8:
Quadratic
Functions
&
Equations
Intermediate Algebra Name ___________________________________
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5) (m - 5)(m + 4) = 0 6) (n - 4)(3n - 8) = 0
15) (n + 7) = 0
2 16) ( x + 8)(3x + 1) = 0
23) x 2 - x - 42 = 0 24) v 2 + 8v + 12 = 0
25) x 2 - 5x + 6 = 0 26) x 2 + 6x + 8 = 0
29) x 2 - 2x - 15 = 0 30) b 2 - 7b + 6 = 0
31) a 2 - 4a - 32 = 0 32) x 2 - 9x + 18 = 0
33) v 2 - 6v + 5 = 0 34) m 2 + 3m - 40 = 0
35) b 2 - 9b + 14 = 0 36) x 2 + 2x - 8 = 0
37) a 2 - a - 20 = 0 38) a 2 - 5a + 4 = 0
1) n 2 + 9n + 16 = -4 2) x 2 - 6x + 9 = 4
3) m 2 - 7m = 0 4) -2b 2 + 13b + 16 = 3b - 3b 2
5) n 2 + n - 14 = -2 6) x 2 + 12x + 38 = 6
7) n 2 - 2n - 31 = 4 8) a 2 - 2a - 6 = -6
9) x 2 + 6x - 22 = -6 10) b 2 - 3b - 34 = -6
15) x 2 + 1 = 2x 16) x 2 - 24 = 2x
1) 7m 2 - 2m = 0 2) 7n 2 - 57n + 49 = -7
3) 7m 2 - 42 = -43m 4) 7k 2 + 5 = 5 + 2k
5) 3v 2 + 11v + 8 = 0 6) 3x 2 - 11x - 42 = 0
7) 35x 2 - 2x - 48 = 0 8) 7x 2 + 11x - 6 = 0
1) b 2 + 16b + 28 = 0 2) n 2 + 18n - 68 = -5
3) n 2 - 6n = 40 4) v 2 - 25v - 63 = -7v
5) x 2 - 20x + 75 = 0 6) x 2 + 18x - 40 = 0
7) v 2 + 2v - 24 = 0 8) n 2 + 20n + 19 = 0
Quadratic Formula - 1
1) What is the Quadratic Formula?
2
If ax + bx + c = 0 where x ¹ 0, then x =
Let's do these together. Solve each equation with the quadratic formula.
2) -2k 2 - k + 45 = 0 3) -x 2 + 100 = 0
4) 2k 2 - 32 = 0 5) -5v 2 - 4v + 12 = 0
6) 5x 2 - 10x + 5 = 0 7) -x 2 - 4x + 12 = 0
8) 5n 2 - 125 = 0 9) -4n 2 + 5n + 51 = 0
16) m 2 + 5m - 66 = 0 17) 2x 2 - 98 = 0
20) x 2 + 5x - 50 = 0 21) 4v 2 - 7v - 11 = 0
Quadratic Formula - 2
Let's do these together. Solve each equation with the quadratic formula.
7) -4v 2 + 6v + 63 = -7 8) 5x 2 - 2x - 79 = -7
15) 2n 2 - 27 = 5 16) 7 p 2 + 4 p + 3 = -8
Quadratic Formula - 3
Let's do these together. Solve each equation with the quadratic formula.
5) b 2 = 5b + 14 6) -2n 2 = 4n - 16
7) -m 2 = -36 8) -2 p 2 - 8 p = -90
9) -k 2 + 9k = -90 10) 5k 2 = -3
Quadratic Formula - 4
Let's do these together. Solve each equation with the quadratic formula.
Write your answers in a + b form as simplified radicals (no decimals).
1) -n 2 + 24 = 0 2) x 2 - 10x + 24 = 2
3) 10b 2 + 10 = 8b 4) 2x 2 - 19 = 8x
5) 2x 2 - 12 = 0 6) 12m 2 - 11m + 8 = 0
9) 11 p 2 - 10 p - 7 = 2 10) -3b 2 + 8b + 10 = 2
1) y = 2x 2 + 8x + 6 2) y = -x 2 + 6x - 8
y y
7 2
6 1.5
1
5
0.5
4
-1 1 2 3 4 5 x
3 -0.5
2 -1
1 -1.5
-2
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 x -2.5
-1
-3
-2 -3.5
-3 -4
Your turn. Sketch the graph of each function. Then, state the (1) zero's, (2) vertex (h, k) where h
2
b b
=- and k = c - , (3) axis of symmetry where x = h, (4) domain, and (5) range.
2a 4a
3) y = -4x 2 - 24x - 32 4) y = x 2 + 8x + 12
y y
2
4
1
2
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 x
-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 x
-2 -1
-4 -2
-6 -3
-8
-4
-10
-5
-12
-6
2 2
5) y = -x + 2x + 3 6) y = -x + 8x - 15
y y
5 3
4.5
2
4
3.5 1
3
2.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
2 -1
1.5
-2
1
0.5 -3
-3 -2 -1 1 2 3 x -4
-0.5
-1 -5 Worksheet by Kuta Software LLC
-1-
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7) y = x 2 - 4x + 3 8) y = -3x 2 + 18x - 24
y y
4 4
3.5
3 2
2.5
2 2 4 6 8 10 12 x
1.5 -2
1
0.5 -4
-2 -1 1 2 3 4 x -6
-0.5
-1 -8
-1.5
-2 -10
9) y = x 2 + 2x - 3 10) y = -x 2 - 2x + 3
y y
1 5
0.5 4.5
4
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 x
-0.5 3.5
-1 3
-1.5 2.5
-2 2
-2.5 1.5
-3 1
-3.5 0.5
-4
-4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 x
-4.5 -0.5
-5 -1
11) y = 2x 2 - 8x + 6 12) y = x 2 + 6x + 5
y y
7 1
6 0.5
5 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 x
-0.5
4
-1
3 -1.5
2 -2
1 -2.5
-3
-4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x -3.5
-1
-4
-2 -4.5
-3 -5
Short answer.
13) A quadratic function will open upward when the leading coefficient is ______________________.
14) A quadratic function will open downward when the leading coefficient is _____________________.
15) A quadratic function will have a minimum point when the leading coefficient is ________________.
16) A quadratic function will have a maximum point when the leading coefficient is ________________.
17) The __________________ represents the x-values.
18) The __________________ represents the y-values. Worksheet by Kuta Software LLC
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Intermediate Algebra Name ___________________________________
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1) f ( x) = -x 2 - 8x - 20 2) f ( x) = x 2 + 2x - 1
y y
3
-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 x
2.5
-1
2
-2
1.5
-3 1
0.5
-4
-5 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 x
-0.5
-6 -1
-1.5
-7
-2
-8
-2.5
-9 -3
Your turn. Sketch the graph of each function. Then, state the (1) zero's - if there are any, (2)
vertex, (3) axis of symmetry, (4) domain, (5) range, and (6) end behavior.
3) f ( x) = 2x 2 - 8x + 6 4) f ( x) = -x 2 + 2x
y y
7 2
6 1.5
1
5
0.5
4
-3 -2 -1 1 2 3 x
3 -0.5
2 -1
1 -1.5
-2
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x -2.5
-1
-3
-2 -3.5
-3 -4
5) f ( x) = 2x 2 + 8x + 9 6) f ( x) = -x 2 + 8x - 12
y y
10 6
9 5
8
4
7
3
6
5 2
4 1
3
2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
-1
1
-2
-4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
Worksheet by Kuta Software LLC
-1-
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7) f ( x) = -x 2 + 8x - 14 8) f ( x) = 2x 2 + 4x - 1
y y
4 6
3 5
4
2
3
1
2
1
-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
-1 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x
-1
-2
-2
-3
-3
-4 -4
-8 1
0.5
-10
-4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 x
11) f ( x) = x 2 - 2x - 3 12) f ( x) = -x 2 + 8x - 18
y y
1
-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
0.5
-1
-2 -1 1 2 3 4 x
-0.5
-2
-1
-1.5 -3
-2
-2.5 -4
-3
-5
-3.5
-4 -6
-4.5
-5 -7
End Behavior: Fill in the blanks with either infinity (¥ ) or negative infinity (- ¥ ).
13) The end behavior for quadratic functions where the leading coefficient is positive is:
as x → ¥, f(x) → ________, and as x → -¥, f(x) → ________.
14) The end behavior for quadratic functions where the leading coefficient is negative is:
as x → ¥, f(x) → ________, and as x → -¥, f(x) → ________.
Worksheet by Kuta Software LLC
-2-
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Intermediate Algebra Name ___________________________________
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6
7
5
6
4
5 3
4 2
1
3
2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
-1
1 -2
-3
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 x
2 2
5) f ( x) = -2( x + 2) + 2 6) f ( x) = ( x - 4) - 4
y y
3 2
2 1
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x
-1
-1
-2 -2
-3 -3
-4
-4
-5
-5
-6
Worksheet by Kuta Software LLC
-7 -6
-1-
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2 2
7) f ( x) = ( x + 1) + 4 8) f ( x) = -( x + 1) - 3
y y
9
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 x
8 -1
7
-2
6
-3
5
-4
4
-5
3
-6
2
1 -7
-8
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 x
2 2
9) f ( x) = ( x - 1) + 3 10) f ( x) = -( x - 1) + 4
y y
8 5
4.5
7
4
6 3.5
3
5
2.5
4 2
1.5
3
1
2 0.5
1 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x
-0.5
-1
-2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
1 1
11) f ( x) = - ( x + 4) 2 + 2 12) f ( x) = - ( x - 2) 2 + 2
2 2
y y
5 4
3.5
4
3
3 2.5
2
2
1.5
1 1
0.5
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 x
-1 1 2 3 4 5 x
-1 -0.5
-1
-2
-1.5
-3 -2
Your turn. Sketch the graph of each function. Find f (-1), f (0), and f (2).
2
3) -2( y - 2) = ( x + 4) 4) -
1
( y + 2) = ( x - 1 ) 2
y 2
5
y
4 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
-1
3
-2
2 -3
-4
1
-5
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 x -6
-1 -7
-8
-2
-9
-3 -10
-11
2 2
5) -( y - 3) = ( x - 4) 6) -( y + 4) = ( x + 2)
y y
5
-4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 x
4 -1
-2
3
-3
2
-4
1
-5
-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x -6
-1
-7
-2 -8
-3 -9
Worksheet by Kuta Software LLC
-1-
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2
7) -
1
( y - 4 ) = ( x - 1) 2 8) y + 3 = ( x - 2)
2 y
2
y
5 1.5
1
4
0.5
3
-2 -1 1 2 3 4 x
2 -0.5
1 -1
-1.5
-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x
-2
-1
-2.5
-2
-3
-3 -3.5
-4 -4
-5
2 2
9) -( y - 3) = ( x - 1) 10) y + 2 = ( x + 4)
y y
4 4
3.5
3
3
2.5 2
2
1
1.5
1
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 x
0.5
-1
-2 -1 1 2 3 4 x
-0.5 -2
-1
-3
-1.5
-2 -4
2
11) y + 1 = ( x + 3) 12)
1
( y + 2 ) = ( x + 2) 2
y 2
4
y
3.5 7
3
6
2.5
5
2
1.5 4
1 3
0.5 2
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 x 1
-0.5
-1 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
-1.5 -1
-2 -2
-3
then
Let's do these together. Solve each equation with the quadratic formula.
5) 3b 2 - 4b + 8 = 0 6) 8x 2 + 10 = 0
7) 2k 2 - 4k + 8 = 0 8) 12k 2 - 8k + 8 = 0
9) 8v 2 + 11 = 0 10) 6n 2 - 9n + 6 = 0
13) 5 p 2 + 6 p + 5 = 0 14) k 2 - 2k + 4 = 0
1) 4x 2 - 4x = -3 2) -x 2 + 2x = 5
3) 7b 2 = -7 4) 12r 2 + 6r = -6
5) 4x 2 = -1 6) 4x 2 + 6x = -9
7) 2n 2 + 11 = 8n 8) 3x 2 + 3 = -4x
11) 3x 2 + 2x = -7 12) 7r 2 = -4
13) 6n 2 + 4n = -9 14) -7 p 2 + 4 p = 4
5) a 2 + 10a + 21 6) a 2 - 9a - 10
7) 3n 2 - 31n + 70 8) 5k 2 - 36k - 32
17) n 2 - n - 56 = 0 18) x 2 + 4x + 3 = 0
19) r 2 - 6r = -8 20) x 2 + 7x - 6 = -6
25) -x 2 + 16 = 0 26) -n 2 - 5n + 6 = 0
Solve each equation with the quadratic formula. (integer or decimal answers)
Solve each equation with the quadratic formula. (integer or fraction answers)
31) 2a 2 - 3 = 0 32) 2a 2 + 4a = 1
33) -n 2 + 14 = -3 34) n 2 + 4n = 13
b
Sketch the graph of each function. Then, state the (1) zero's, (2) vertex (h, k) where h = - and
2a
2
b
k=c- , (3) axis of symmetry where x = h, (4) domain, and (5) range.
4a
4 -4
3
-6
2
1 -8
-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
-10
-1
-2 -12
-3
9 3.5
3
8
2.5
7
2
6 1.5
5 1
4 0.5
3 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 x
-0.5
2
-1
1 -1.5
-2
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 x
Sketch the graph of each function. Then, state the (1) zero's - if there are any, (2) vertex, (3) axis
of symmetry, (4) domain, (5) range, and (6) end behavior. (7) What is the range of the function
when the domain is {-2, 0, 1}?
2
39) f ( x) = -
1
( x - 4) 2 + 4 40) f ( x) = 2( x - 1) + 3
2 y
12
y
6 11
10
5 9
8
4
7
6
3
5
2 4
3
1 2
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x
-1
4
-2
3
-3
2
-4 1
-5 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 x
-1
-6 -2
-3
43) 3b 2 - 4b + 8 = 0 44) 8x 2 + 10 = 0
47) 4x 2 - 4x = -3 48) -x 2 + 2x = 5
Solving a quadratic equation by completing the square involves rewriting it in the form (x - p)^2 = q. Take the equation x^2 + 6x + 8 = 0 from Source 1. First, rearrange it as x^2 + 6x = -8. Then, take half of the coefficient of x, which is 6/2 = 3, square it, and add it to both sides to get (x + 3)^2 = 1. Finally, solve for x by taking the square root of both sides and isolating x, yielding x = -3 ± 1, which gives the solutions x = -2 and x = -4. This method is essential for equations that aren't easily factorable, providing a pathway to solve any quadratic equation.
Completing the square is a valid method for solving quadratic equations because it transforms the equation into a perfect square trinomial, making it easier to solve. By rearranging the terms and adding the square of half the coefficient of the x-term, the equation becomes a perfect square, facilitating the extraction of the square root. This method is advantageous when the quadratic isn't easily factorable or to derive the quadratic formula. Compared to factoring, it always works for real coefficients, whereas factoring requires the equation to be factorable. It is often more intuitive than using the quadratic formula, especially with irrational or complex solutions.
The leading coefficient in the quadratic function ax^2 + bx + c significantly affects the direction and shape of the parabola. If the leading coefficient (a) is positive, the parabola opens upward, indicating a minimum point. Conversely, if a is negative, the parabola opens downward, indicating a maximum point. The value of a also affects the width of the parabola, with larger absolute values making it narrower and smaller absolute values making it wider.
The quadratic formula x = (-b ± √(b^2 - 4ac)) / (2a) derives solutions from the general quadratic equation ax^2 + bx + c = 0 by computing the values of x that satisfy the equation. The discriminant, b^2 - 4ac, determines the nature of the solutions: if it is positive, there are two distinct real solutions; if zero, there is exactly one real solution; and if negative, the solutions are complex conjugates. This formula allows solving any quadratic equation.
Converting a quadratic function to vertex form, y = a(x-h)^2 + k, facilitates a more straightforward analysis of its graph as it explicitly reveals the vertex (h, k), providing immediate insights into the function's direction, positioning, and concavity. This form simplifies finding the vertex, axis of symmetry, and determining transformations such as translations and reflections. Compared to the standard form, vertex form offers a clear geometric view that aids in understanding the function's characteristics and how changes in coefficients affect the graph's shape and position.
The vertex form of a quadratic function is y = a(x-h)^2 + k, where (h, k) is the vertex of the parabola. It is derived from completing the square on the standard form y = ax^2 + bx + c. Converting to vertex form is useful because it directly reveals the vertex, making it easier to analyze the function's graph, including its axis of symmetry and how it is transformed from the parent function y = ax^2. This form simplifies graphing and enables easy translation into various transformations.
The end behavior of quadratic functions is determined by the leading coefficient. If the leading coefficient is positive, as x approaches positive or negative infinity, f(x) also approaches positive infinity. Conversely, if the leading coefficient is negative, for x approaching positive or negative infinity, f(x) approaches negative infinity. Thus, the sign of the leading coefficient dictates whether the parabola opens upwards or downwards, impacting the direction in which the graph's tails extend.
Symmetry in quadratic functions is characterized by the vertical axis of symmetry that passes through the vertex, usually parallel to the y-axis. This symmetry means that for any point (x, y) on the graph, there is a corresponding point (-x, y). The axis of symmetry can be found at x = -b/(2a) in the equation ax^2 + bx + c = 0. It ensures that the parabola's two branches mirror each other, which helps in easily identifying key graph features like minima or maxima, and ensures consistent behavior of the function on either side of the axis. This symmetry simplifies graphing and predicting the function's behavior.
Factoring is an efficient method to solve quadratic equations when the equation can be easily rewritten as a product of binomials, providing clear solutions by setting each factor to zero. Advantages include its simplicity, speed, and clarity in finding the exact roots when applicable. However, its limitations lie in its applicability only to equations that are factorable over the integers or rational numbers. For equations with non-factorable terms or non-rational roots, other methods like the quadratic formula or completing the square are necessary.
Quadratic equations of the form ax^2 + bx + c = 0 can be solved by factoring when they can be expressed as a product of two binomials, such that (px + q)(rx + s) = 0. The solutions are the values of x that make either binomial zero, thus x = -q/p or x = -s/r. This method typically provides real solutions if the polynomial is factorable over the integers. For example, the equation (x + 1)(x + 5) = 0 has solutions x = -1 and x = -5.