Elfante, Erika Naelle L.
2ABC
ESA 1 (a) In a certain ideal heat 10 00k) of heat from the hot surface 273K and 3 00k) of Work
.
engine ,
. is withdrawn at . is
generated. What is the temperature of the cold sink ?
10 00kS
q
=
.
in =
273K
W =
3 00 kd
.
To = ?
x
n
=
H =
W
In
= 3 . 00kS
10 . 00k)
H =
0 .
3
H =
In -
Te
In
0 . 3= 173K-Tc
243k
Tc
=
191 1K .
or 191K
E3A 2 (b)
. An ideal heat engine has a hot source at 4002 . At what temperature must the cold sink be if the efficiency is to be
10 ?
percent
in =
4000 +
243 15k .
=
313 15K .
7 =
10 %
H =
In-To
in
0 10.
=
313 15K .
-
To
313 15 K
.
To =
281 84K .
E3A 5 (a).
Calculate the change in entropy of the gas when 15g of carbon dioxide gas are allowed to expand is othermally from
1 0 dm to
.
3 0
. dm at 300 K .
15 g CO2
Vi 1 0 dm3
=
.
Ve =
3 0 .
dm
T =
300k
85
1 n+1)
=
=
(8 314/1 mol) In
(mm)
0am
=(15g
CO > I 3 0 005
molcre)
x
I I
.
.
.
44 . 01 9 CO2
1. 0dm 0 001
) (
x .
=3 11 . 11k
One mole of ideal monoatomic is through cycle consisting of the
following reversible steps
:
a
an gas put
a isothermal compression from 2 atm and 10 ( to 20 atm and 12
b .
isobaric expansion to return the gas to the original volume of 10 L
C .
Cooling at constant volume to bring the gas to the original pressure and temperature
Illustrate the steps p-U curve Calculate g OU CH
on a . ,
w , , ,
and S for each step and for the cycle .
a .
P: 2 atm P2 =
20 atm
V, =
10 L Ve =
1L
is othermal W
in
g
:
= -
W
= -
PdV
WU and UH = 0
US
1
=
> WU and CH =
0
P, =
ART
,
Vi -66 nR(n(ti)
G
=
eatm (1mol (0
08204 (15 ) 1
F
:
.
=(1 mol) (8 moll
Int(
: 314 1K
71 =
243 42K .
&S = -
19 14/1K or-1961K
.
> W =
-
PdV
--RT In ()
-11 moll (8 14 mol) (243 72K) In
, 2)
314
1
. .
W =
4645 4) .
or 4466d
4444 /
>q
-
=
b . in isobaric :
q :
CpdT Vi =
12 V2 =
10 L
W = -
PAU T1 =
243 72K
.
↓U =
CudT
OH =
CpdT
S =
nCpIn /)
T1 243 42K
=(1mol)(5) 18 31 mol) In/2e(
= .
.
Vi Vz 0S = 44 .
84/K or 48/1K
-
Ti Tr
12 10 L
-
243 42k . T2
Ty
=
2434 2k .
WU= CudI
(2434 72k)
=(1moll() 18 314 / 14 mol) 2K-245
.
. .
80 =
24354 .
88/ or 243556
CH and
9
:
CpdT
% kmol) (2437
=(1
moll(* 8 314 mol 8 314 2k -243 72k)
+
. .
. .
WH and 9 =
45591 486 . or 45591/
↓V w
q
= +
74354 .
886 =
45591 486 .
+
w =
- 18236 .
4/ or -18234/
CrAT
:
C . isochoric 9 =
W
=
0
CunRIn
I
WU=CrdT 85 =
&H =
CpdT
(mol) 18 314 </molk) In
=(5) (e * )
.
P, =
20 atm T, =
2434 2 K .
Pz =
2 atm T2 =
243 72k .
8S =
-28 . 42 J/K or-2901K
and GU
=
CrdT
9
2K)
=(1mol)(2) (8 314/1kmol) 1243
. . 72K-2437 .
U 89)0r -27355)
q and 27354
=
-
.
w =
0 /
CH =
CpdT
=(1 mill (243 2K)
(2
8 314 +8
314(1kmol) 72K-2437
.
. . .
0H 45591 48/0r -45591/
= -
.
Steps H U ⑧S
q W
I
-
46646 46466 Of 01
-
191k
2 455916 -
182376 45591S 27355/ 48/1k
3 27355/ Of 455916 273556 2901k
-
-
- -
total 13590/
-
135416 06 Of 0 J IK