MODULE WEEK NO.

Gingoog City Colleges, Inc.

Brgy. 24-A Paz Village, Gingoog City 9014
(088) 861 1432 Ext. 7385

College of Education
GE ELECT 1: Living in the IT Era
2nd Semester of A.Y: 2020-2021

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Credit to: Lyjieme Barro Revised by: Jane A. Pardenilla
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System Unit

System Unit is a case that contains electronic components of the computer

used to process data.

◆ Made of metal or plastic to protects the internal components from

damage.
◆ All computers have a system unit. It is available in variety of shapes &
sizes.

◆ Sometimes called the chassis.

Examples of System Unit

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FM reception
No. Components Functions

1. Input/Output A port is the point at which a peripheral attaches to a system unit so that
the peripheral can send data to or receive information from the computer.
port
An external device, such as a keyboard, monitor, printer, mouse and
(I/O port) microphone is often attached by a cable to a port on the system unit.

The back of the system unit contains so many ports. Some newer personal
computers also have ports on the front of the system unit.

Ports have different types of connectors. A connector joins a cable to a

peripheral. One end of a cable attaches to the connector on the system unit
and the other end of the cable attaches to a connector on the peripheral.

2. Power button To start on computer

3. Reset button Kick of soft boot, instructing the computer to go through the process of
shutting down, which would clear memory and reset devices to their
initialized state. It simply removes power immediately.

4. Motherboard Main circuit board of the system unit, which has some electronic
components attached to it and others built into it.

5. Power Supply Convert standard electrical power into the form that computer can use. If
a power supply is not providing the necessary power, the computer will not
function properly.

6. DVD- A device that reads DVD-ROM, also can read audio CDs, CDROMSs, CDRs
ROM drive and CD-RWs.

7. CD-ROM A device that reads audio CDs, CD-ROMs, CD-Rs and CD-RWs.
drive

8. DVD/CD-RW It is a combination drive that reads DVD and CD media, it also writes to
CD-RW media. This drive also allows watching a DVD or burn a CD.
drive

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9. Zip drive A high-capacity disk drive that reads from and writes on a Zip disk.

10. Floppy drive A device that reads from and writes on a floppy disk

11. Hard disk drive Type of storage device that contains one or more inflexible, circular
platters that store data, instructions and information. Also called a hard
disk.

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Motherboards

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A motherboard (also known as the main board or system board) is

the main printed circuit board (PCB) found in general purpose

microcomputers and other expandable systems. It holds the

electronic components of a system, such as the central processing

unit (CPU) and memory, and allows communication between many

of them. It also provides connectors for other peripherals. The term

Motherboard specifically refers to a PCB with expansion

capability. It will typically have components attached to it. These

often include peripherals, interface cards, sound cards, video cards,

network cards, hard drives, and/or other forms of persistent

storage; and a variety of other custom components.

CPU:Microprocessor

A central processing unit (CPU) is electronic circuitry within a

computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program

by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and

input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions.

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Principal components of a CPU include the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) that performs arithmetic and

logic operations, processor registers that supply operands to the ALU and store the results of ALU

operations, and a control unit that orchestrates the fetching (from memory) and execution of instructions

by directing the coordinated operations of the ALU, registers and other components.

Processor Size
Modern microprocessors are often described as being 8 bit, 16 bit, 32 bit or 64 bit processors. This

description is somewhat ambiguous, since it can refer to (and has been used to refer to) either the number

of lines in the data bus (how many bits can be transferred simultaneously) or the number of bits in the

address bus (describing the potential amount of memory for the computer) or the number of bits in one

of the processor’s registers (how many bits can be processed simultaneously) At the moment, most

personal computers have 64 bit processors (in all senses of the term.) Some microprocessors are

described as being dual core or quad core (and probably higher number core by now.) These processors

have essentially two or four (or more) processing units built into a single CPU chip, allowing the

computer to process data faster by doing several things at the same time.

Processor Speed
There are several common measures of how fast processors operate:
Hertz (or megahertz or gigahertz.) This describes the clock speed of the processor This gives a

rough (and not very accurate) description of how fast the processor processes data. It is not a very

accurate measure of how fast a processor operates because different operations require different

numbers of clock pulses, so different programs (using different instructions) will yield different

results.

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MIPS (million instructions per second) which actually describes how fast the processor executes

instructions. This measure is more accurate, but can also be misleading, again, because some

instructions take longer than others.

FLOPs (FLOating point Operations Per second, usually seen as gigaflops) Most commonly used

describing high performance computing, or sometimes in gaming systems.

Classes of Processors
There are two classes of processors – RISC and CISC
√ Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) is a CPU design strategy based on the insight that

a simplified instruction set can provide higher performance. The simplified instruction set

allows the CPU to be optimized to execute these instructions more efficiently.

√ Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) is a CPU design strategy based on the idea that

with a larger, more complex instruction set, programs can be written using fewer instructions,

and thus run faster.

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Exercise

Exercise will be posted in Google classroom

Assessment

Assessment will be posted in Google Classroom

Reflection
Reflection will be posted in Google Classroom

Resources and Additional Resources

[Link]

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Credit to: Lyjieme Barro Revised by: Jane A. Pardenilla