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Chapter 01

IBA math preparation

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10 views13 pages

Chapter 01

IBA math preparation

Uploaded by

irhazain7777777
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Concept 1 Integer, Positive, Negative, Odd, Even, Consecutive numbers @ ®@8@88280 . MENTORS’ MathQBank Integer, Positive, Negative, Odd, Even, Consecutive numbers Integers: Integer (%f eet) wR AAT FR number croeweice fraction (CATT) T decimal (afi SHR) TAA BH RT TR Set of Integers (pfx) I = {...-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2,3...) Integers can be positive or negative. Fractions (eytet 5/4) and decimals (wf >t 2.46) are not integers. Set of positive integers («TPF HM) = {1, 2, 3, 4....} (Zero is not a positive integer) Set of negative integers (#1pe 7AM) = {....-4, -3, -2, -1} Set of non-negative integers (S#TYs =) = (0, 1, 2,3, 4....} (zero is non-negative) 2 x Positive = Positive [3x5 = 15] Positive x Negative= Negative [(3x (-5) = -15] Negative x Negative = Positive [(-3) x (5) = 15] + Positive = Positive [6:3 = 2] Negative= Negative [(6: (-3) = -2] Negative + Negative = Positive0 [(- (6) + (-3) = 2] The product of an even number of negative factors is positive. [(-1)( -1)( -1)( -1)=1; 1] The product of an odd number of negative factors is negative. [(-1)(-1)( -1)= -1; (-1x(-2) (-1(-1) (-1)= -1] ‘The sum of two positive numbers is positive. [6+2=8] The sum of two negative numbers is negative. [(-6)+( -2)= -8] Integers which are evenly divisible by 2 (2 wat furs feste7) are called even (cag). Integers which are not evenly divisible by 2 are called odd (faty). Set of even integers (capRe) = (...—4, -2, 0, 2, 4...} (zero is even) t of odd integers (Rrarg=rem) = {...-5, -3, -1, 1,3...} Alleven numbers end with the digits 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8. All odd numbers end with the digits 1, 3, 5,7 or 9. The general formula for even numbers is 2n (where n is an integer) The general formula for odd numbers is 2n-1 (where n is an integer) Even = Even = Even (2+4 = 6) Even + Odd = Odd (243 = 5) Odd + Odd = Even (3+3 = 6) You don’t have to memorize these. If you are confused whether odd x odd is even or odd, Even x Even = Even (2x4=8) | | just try 3 x5 Even x Odd = Even (2x5 = 10) Odd x Odd = Odd (3x5 = 15) Page-7 MENTORS’ MathQBank .. ®@ Consecutive Numbers (afte ment): Consecutive mi stone FEAR | A: 57, 58, 59, 60, or - 14, @ Ina series of consecutive intgers, Hence, if the first number is n, tumbers @ we FMT RHE ey ty -13,-12,-11. each number is 1 greater than the Previous number, the formula for consecutive numbers is nyn4+1n42,n43,_ @ Ina series of consecutive even (48, 52, 54) or consecutive odd numbers (51, 53, 55) each number is 2 greater span the previous number. Hence, if the first number is ny the formula for consecutiv’ even/odd numbers is n, n+2,n+4. Example 1: If mis an even integer, which of the following must be an odd integer? (A) m+2 (B)m+4 (C) 2m+1 (D) 2m-2 ©) 3m Solution: GRE, m even FST, m= 2 1 Srey (A) 24224 (B)2+4=6 = (C) 2(2)41= 441 =5 (D)2x2-2=4-2=4 (E)3Q)=6 Example 2: Tf the sum of three consecutive inte; 'gers is 210, then the sum of the two smaller integers is (A) 141 (B) 139 (110 (D) 70 (E) none of these Solution: 3 wits aera camer 210, 210 G3 Fea Sor eae 70 oie 1 FT 3 B BE 69, 70,71 69+70=139 Example 3: Ifm and n are negative integers which of the following must be true? lL mnb>c, which of the following has the maximum value? (BBA 07-08) (A) (atb)/e —(B) (b+c)/a_ (C)(C+b)/a_—(D) (c#a)/b_ (E)(ate)/b © 11. Five consecutive integers are given. If the sum of the first three integers is 24, what is the sum of the last three? (MBA 01-02) (A) 27 (B) 28 (©) 29 (D) 30 (E) None of these ® 12. If mis an even integer and n is an odd integer and both are positive numbers, which of the following must be even? (MBA 03-04) (A)m+n? — (B)mn+n?_ (C)m’+n?_ (D) mn + m?_ (E) None of these Page-9 MENTORS’ MathQBank .. © 4S. M is a set of 5 consecutive integers whose average is 4. N is a set of 7 consecutive integers whose average is 7. How many members of set N are also members of set M? (MBA 03-04) (Ao (B)1 ©2 (D)3 (E) None of these ® Mex, y & z are consecutive integers. If O0 ®y>0 — ©xy>0 O)x-y>0 @allof these V9: lfxand y are positive odd integers and z is an even integer, which one of the following statements cannot be true? (A) (& ~2)y2is odd (8) 2} is even (©) = 2)y is odd _- (D) (x ~y)zis even ©) none of these vi, } Ifa and b are integers such that a +b = 5, which of the following must be true? ° (MBA 07-08) L The product of a and b is odd. IL If ais odd then b must be even. TIL Ifa is negative, then b must be positive, (A) only (B) Honly (C) land only (D)MandWonly — (E) 1, Mand V21. Ina certain brick wall, than the row just below it. If there are 5 rows in all and a total of 75 bricks in that wall, how many bricks does the bottom row contain? (MBA 05-06) (A) 12 (B) 17 ©14 (D) 15 (E) None of these V 22. Ifxis a positive even number, then each of the following is odd except: (MBA 05-06) (A) (+3) (+5) (BY 245 (C+ 6x49 (D) 3x2 +4 (E) None of these » Page-10 ~- MENTORS’ MathQBank ¥ 23, Which of the following must be an integer if x is a positive integer and (4/x)+(6/x)+(6/x) is also an integer? (BBA 04-05) (A) x/5 (B)5/x (©) x/30 (D)30/x. E) none of these V2. Ifxis.a non-zero integer which of the following must be a negative integer?(BBA 08-09) L-@e+4) H.-CxX UL CxP (A) None (B) Ionly (C)Monly (D)landWonly (E) I, Mand I V25. Ifxis an odd integer, in which of the following equations must y be an even integer? (BBA 08-09) Lyxy=5 Il. x+2y=11 IIL. 2x+y=12 (A)OnlyI (B)OnlyIf._ = (C)Only II. (D) both and Il ~—&) alll of these V 26. Ifx and y are integers and (xy + x) is odd, which of the following r-ust be even? (BBA 08-09) (A)xt+y (B)xy-x (Ox Dy (E) any of these V 27. Ifxy <0 and y > 0 which of the following must be positive? (BBA 09-10) (A)xy Bx Qt wm oD (©) 2y+x y+2 x V8 If m is an integer, and y = (m —1) (m + 2) —(m —1) (m — 2), then which of the following must be true? (BBA 10-11) (A) yis odd only when m isodd —_(B) y is odd only when m is even (©) yis even only when mis even (D) y is even only when m is odd () None of these V9. If a, b and c are odd integers, which of the following expressions must be an even integer? (MBA 13-14) (A) ab +be + ca @)ab+c-1) Owepee (D) 3(ac-be) (E) none of these . V 30. What is the largest integer, n, that satisfies the inequality (f?+ 7n-3) < (n? + 5n + 9)? (MBA 13-14) (ays (8)5 (6 (D)7 (E) none of these V 3% What is the next-highest prime number after 67? (BBA 15-16) A.68 B69 G71 D.73 E.76 32. Which one of the following is the minimum value of the sum of two integers whose product is 36? (BBA 15-16) A.37 B.20 C15 D.12 E, none of these 33. 2pq5is a four digit number divisible by 25. If the number formed from the two digits pq is a multiple of 13. Then pq =? (BBA 15-16) A.10 B. 25 c.52 D.65 E. none of these If n is an integer divisible by 6 but not by 4, then which of the following CANNOT be an integer? (BBA 15-16) A.n/2 B.n/3 C.n/12 D.n/10 E. none of these - Page-I1 MENTORS’ MathQBank 035. Ifx,y and z are consecutive negative integers and if x>y>z, which of the followin, Pag sitive odd integer? (BBA i¢, ree em beyig2) Cmyz — Dixlyiz) — E:noneof these ANS . i hich of the following must be true? © 36. If (2x2+3x+y) is an even integer, which o iB mu (BBA 16,; [Link] Byisodd C.(x+y)iseven D. (x+y)isodd [Link] thee © 37° Fill in each of the empty spaces between the numbers in the foll symbols +, -, / and x (use each symbol only once and no possible value of the result? lowing series wi parenthesis). What is the le (BBA 19-29) C.-614 D.-23 E. -3.29 Answer Key Exercise 1 1c); 2c 3B AD 5.D 6.C 7.C 1D 12D 13.D_| 14.¢ | 15D 16.D 28 | 2D | 23D [248 | 25C [26D 31.C 8.D. 9.B 10.A 17.D 18.C 19.B | 20. 27.D 28E | 29.D | 30B | 32D 33.C | 34.C | 35.B 36.C 37.C Page-12 ~~ sn MENTORS’ MathQBank Solution to Exercise 1 (© i even x even = Even (2x2= 4) ii OddxOdd = Odd (3x5=15) iii _Even+odd=odd (2x3= 5) <. ii GR iii must be odd (© 2-3x 4a minimum possible value «4 G4 Fate A! Xx GF value WT 2-3x oF value FACT! x minimum value 44 8=J 2-3x 44 value minimum %&! ‘WIate Fen SIE x negative WS MATT | ‘wre, xf minimum value & 0. x=0@T2-3x=2-0=2 (B) xt Lyw3 (A) 1243-123 (B) 1x3 + 3?= 349 = 12, even (C)14341=5 (D) 1x3 +2=5 (D) 6 ® Consecutive add number at sum t4 FaUS SAT TATE, 4, 3¢ number & x. orem, ort x-4, x-2,x,x+2,x+4, x+6, x-#& xd x x42 x+e x+6 Sum = 6x +6 largest number = x +6 amare, 6x + 6 = 2 (x+6) + 38 i, 6x + 6 = 2x+12 +38 at, 4x = 44 . © xslt “ 6x+6=6(11)+6 =72 et number fc# x Kat Gare) 1st number frat HT CX IA position 4 number x «HS (D) #8, x= p =1 (A)x+p+1=14+141=3 (B) xp=1x (C) xp+ (D)x+p (E) 2x+p=214+1=3 - Page-13 MENTORS’ MathQBank (©) Let the odd numbers be (2x+1), (2x+3), (2x+5) and (2x+7) where x is any integer Sum= 8x+16 Average= 2x+4 For any value of x, 2x+4 is even. Therefore, (C) is correct. Ifx isnot even, the average, 2x+4 will not be divisible by 4. For example, if x= 3, Average = 2X3 +4 = 10, not divisible by 4. Therefore, (B) is not always true. 7. (© let n=2 (A) 7(2)-2=12 (B) 5(2-2)=0 16(2)+24 _ 56 6. © TIRE, must be odd wr wig 1S SHAY AOR Tes GAT AS | 16n+24 _82n+3) 143 8 3 =even+odd =odd Sef a 797 even value oF 57 (C) always odd wt 1 Sex (C) must be odd. 8. ©) x1, (A) 1x5=5 (8) 147=8 (Q 142(3)=7 (D) 2(1)+4=6,yeven 9. (B) x, x42, x44, x46, x48, X+8-x=8 Series Pre number wre 5% | 10. (A) Since a>b>e, let, a, b, care 3, 2,1. (a+b)/c = (342)/1 =5 Alternately, taking negative values for a, b, c:-1, -2, -3, (atb)/e=1 Here, the smaller the denominator of the fraction, the greater the value of the overall equation. In option A, denominator is c, therefore the answer is (A). 11. (D) The average of the first three consecutive integers will sit in the middle of the three that is, will be the second number of the three. Here average of the first three numbers is 8. Therefore, 8 is the second number of the series. The whole series is 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. Sum of the last three integers = 9 + 10 + 11 = 30. Page-14 ~ 14. 16. .. MENTORS’ MathQBank . (D) m2 an 1 cares a TTT . (D) arse, Mis a set of 5 consecutive integers whose average is 4 <. Set M = {(4~2), (4-1), 4, (441), (442)) = (2,3,4,5, 6} Nis a set of 7 consecutive integers whose average is 7 +. setN = (45,6,7,8,9,10} common members are 4, 5,6 (C) #1 St, x, y, z are consecutive integer. O0 must be true (B)x &z= (D) Meter, arb =5.a ob aaaeT maT value A! 0+5=5 (a=0,b=5) 1#4=5 (a=1,b=4) 243=5 (a=2,b=3) -1+6=5 (a=-1,b=6) a, I 1x4=4 (even) [aerar) Tl. a# odd value 1 44 yb «7 value 4 even. 8% I 7 UL a a nagative value ~1 aa wy b = 6 wi Il ey (B) «fice consecutive number problem feos Reaoat Fat TH | 7: 7 2 =15.. series xR 13,14,15,16,17 se bottom row 7 177 brick 5781 (D) x =2 «ao sate (A) (2 + 3)(245) = 35 (B) 2+5=9 (C2 +6x24+9=25 (D)3x2+4=16 (D) mem se, x is a positive integer een ol ae poate inte ig x xX x in 4,5, 6_15 =424222 xox x x aes, 15 — integer wa wy x «a value $e 13571 15 Za x x 4 FHT value ote ALT CTT WE GAZ option (D) we x 53" ATS value wt BT integer et BE (B) x can be both positive and negative. xm value 1 -1 efit test #81 wer. -{3(1)2 + 4) =-7 Ler. -3(-12 +4} = ‘waz, I. always negative. wr I -(-1)=1 2. eat ‘Ler. (-(-1) =1 +, Meats (Ox=1, L ixy “.y =5,not even, 0 .. y=5, not even 0, even. TM. 1+2y=11 «.2y ML 2x1+y=12.. II must be true. “ Page-16 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32, 33, 34, — w- MENTORS’ MathQBank (D) rem atre, (xy + x) is odd So, x(y+1) is odd. odd X odd = odd. Sox and (y+1) both are odd. So, y is even. (D) Tremung, xy <0,y>0 x> OWI xy <0RE TATA ‘ex must be less than 0 <. y is positive, x is negative. option (A), (B), (C) and (E) might be either positive or negative depending on different values of x and y. Only option (D), a. 2) must be positive. [S420 negative ora wx we ) y=(m-1) (m+ 2)~(m~—1) (m-2) = (m-1) (pt + 2-p+2) =4(m-1) (A) m=1 4m, y=4(1-1)=0 -. Aisnottrue. (B) m=24,y=4(2-1)=4 .. Bisnottrue. m=3€",y=4(3-1)=8 ‘vg m es odd value ax FFT y even TE TAT! Option (C) 4 7 oiey y WATT BRAT even WA WH m even =! wie (C) Aer Ae ee wae (D) FEAT | (D) a,b, care odd integers. Bac’ odd Ka xr ‘be’ ¢ odd wal few arma facaFA (ac-bc) = even 1 So 3(ac- bc) must be even. (B) n? +7n-3 z, and x,y,z are negative numbers, (x-y) and (y-z) are positive, and positive*positive = positive Alternately, using values, x,y,z being -1, -2, -3, (-1--2)(-2--3)=1x1=1 (C) 2x2+3x+y 4afF even integer. OF, 2x243x+y = 2x2+2x+x+y = 2 (x2+x)+(x+y) GUT x2 + x Ga HME 2 multiply Vea 2 (x? + x) even. wi, 2 x? + 3x + y even We WA (x +y we even WA! fe Answer (C). 37.C. Following the BODMAS rule of simplification. 1+3/5-7*9 = -61.4

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