Scribd
Upload
54 views5 pages

Discharge Study Beneath Sluice Gate

The document describes an experiment to study discharge beneath a sluice gate. It provides the theory, objective, apparatus, procedures, observations and results of running tests with varying gate heights and constant discharge. The results show that discharge increases with increasing gate height, while the coefficient of discharge decreases with increasing gate height. Plots of gate height versus upstream depth and coefficient of discharge versus gate height are presented. In conclusion, the purpose was to determine actual discharge under a gate and compare to theory, and the experiment provided a way to compute theoretical and actual discharge using an artificial channel.

Uploaded by

Mohamad Hafiz
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
54 views5 pages

Discharge Study Beneath Sluice Gate

The document describes an experiment to study discharge beneath a sluice gate. It provides the theory, objective, apparatus, procedures, observations and results of running tests with varying gate heights and constant discharge. The results show that discharge increases with increasing gate height, while the coefficient of discharge decreases with increasing gate height. Plots of gate height versus upstream depth and coefficient of discharge versus gate height are presented. In conclusion, the purpose was to determine actual discharge under a gate and compare to theory, and the experiment provided a way to compute theoretical and actual discharge using an artificial channel.

Uploaded by

Mohamad Hafiz
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

EXPERIMENT: Discharge beneath the Sluice Gate

THEORY

The flow under a sluice gate differs from that through an orifice because of the
emerging jet is not exposed to the atmospheric pressure throughout but is guided by
horizontal floor. Consequently, the pressure in the jet is not atmospheric but is
distributed hydrostatically. In fact, the flows on the upstream and downstream of the
sluice are of both free-surface (open-channel) types. Although it is difficult to make a
correct estimation of force on the upstream and downstream of a sluice gate, the
energy balance may easily be done, considering insignificant energy loss as the
subcritical flow dives down from the upstream beneath the gate and emerges on the
downstream as a supercritical flow. Often, the flow below sluice gates is referred to
as “undershot” in contrast to the “overshot” flows taking place over weir-plates in
open channel flows.

OBJECTIVE
To study the effects of discharge beneath a sluice gate

APPARATUS
Flume with a sluice gate, hook and point gauge, measuring device, stopwatch (refer
to Figure 1).

FIGURE 1 SLUICE GATE


For flow beneath a sharp-edged undershot weir as shown in Figure 1, it can be shown that

Therefore,

Where:

Q = Volume flow rate (m³/s)


Cd = Coefficient of discharge (Dimensionless)
b = Width of weir (m)
yg = Height of weir opening above bed (m)
y0= Upstream depth of flow (m)
g = Gravitational constant (9.81m/s²)

Where:

Q= Volume flow rate (m³/s)


H0 = Total head upstream of weir (m)
H1 = Total head downstream of weir (m)
y1 = Downstream depth of flow (m)
V0 = Mean velocity upstream of weir (m/s)
V₁ = Mean velocity downstream of weir (m/s)
PROCEDURE

Procedures:
1. Perform the general start-up procedures.
2. Ensure the flume is horizontal and that the downstream weir is at the bottom
of its travel.
3. Place the adjustable undershot weir vertically in position with its bottom edge
yg= 20mm above the flume bottom, increasing it about 5mm each step.
4. Adjust the control valve and admit water until the flow rate, Q = 100LPM.
5. Set the level gauge some way upstream and downstream from the gate and
measure the upstream water level, y0 and downstream level, y1.
6. Measure Q, y0 yg and y1
7. Repeat the procedure with a constant flow, Q allowing y0 yg and y1 vary.
8. Tabulate the results for each step.

All reading should be tabulated as follows.


Width of flume (b) = 7.5 cm

OBSERVATIONS

Q Q yg y0 y1 H0 H1
Cd
(L/M) (m3/s) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m)
60 0.001 0.04 4.1 4.1 3.72E-4 4.1 4.1
60 0.001 0.035 4.2 4.0 4.20E-4 4.2 4.0
60 0.001 0.030 4.5 4.2 4.73E-4 4.5 4.2
60 0.001 0.025 5.3 2.4 5.23E-4 5.3 2.4
60 0.001 0.020 7.7 2.4 5.42E-4 7.7 2.4
ASSIGNMENT

1. Plot yg vs y0 for constant Q

yg vs y0 for constant Q
9

5
y0

0
0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04
yg

2. Plot Cd vs. yg for constant Q

Cd vs. yg for constant Q


6.00E-04

5.00E-04

4.00E-04

3.00E-04
Cd

2.00E-04

1.00E-04

0.00E+00
0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04
yg
Discussion and Conclusion:

In this test we determine the discharge using an artificial Channel having and sluice
gate and making the ratio between the actual and theoretical discharge, finally we
got a result after doing all procedure accurate which is the discharge under gate, as
shown in our result that discharge is opposite to opening gate height and with
increasing opening gate height the discharge will be increase, and we found the
logarithm equation of determining the ratio between actual Discharge and Height of
water between two place which are before and after sluice gate using the Gauge
reading.

In conclusion the purpose of this test is to determine the actual discharge under a
sluice gate and compare it with theory and compute the ratio between actual and
theory. Finally, we know how the test was doing and how to compute the theory
discharge and actual using the small Artificial channel.

You might also like