تقرير يف موضوع درس الرسم اهلندسي
Engineering Drawing
جامعة الفرات األوسط التقنية /قسم تقنيات الهندسة الكهربائية/المسيب
المرحلة األولى
الشعبةc :
أسماء الطالب:
-1حسين سالم صفوك
-2مرتضى ناظم عبد الحسين
-3علي احمد محسن
بأشراف األستاذ
م.م عامر عادل
What is engineering drawing basics?
An engineering drawing is a subcategory of technical drawings that show the shape,
structure, dimensions, tolerances, accuracy and other requirements needed to
manufacture a product or part. Engineering drawings are also known as mechanical
drawings, manufacturing blueprints and drawings.
How many methods of engineering drawing are there?
Manual drawing and computer drawing are the two common methods of making
engineering drawings. Manual drawing has been the primary engineering drawing
method for the past few decades. People would use various tools to draw by hand,
such as drawing boards, paper, rulers, calipers, round gauges, etc.
Is engineering drawing hard?
It is a kind of technical drawing with complete specifications for engineered items.
Engineering drawing may be about technical drawings but it is one of the toughest
subjects, ask any engineering student and you will know. A sound knowledge of
drawing is vital otherwise it's a tough road ahead with the subject.
How do you start an engineering drawing?
Step 1. Select your template
There are standard ASTM, DIN, and ISO templates that specify the coordinates, angle of
protection, and title block characteristics. You can also create a custom template, but
take note to include all the necessary details in the title block.
Step 2. Place your orthographic views, centring them as much as possible
Remember to leave sufficient space between them to add dimensions. Avoid excessive
use of hidden lines as these can make the drawing confusing and disorganised.
Step 3. Add detail and/or section views accordingly
If the part is highly complex, has hidden features, or has difficult to dimension areas.
Step 4. Add the isometric view
The isometric view isn’t always necessary but should be included whenever there is space
and if the part geometry is too complex to easily interpret from only the orthographic
views.
Step 5. Place construction lines
Such as centerlines, centre marks, and cutting lines on all the views.
step 6. Add dimensions to your drawings
Focus on the vital dimensions on the orthographic and detail views. Ensure that all the
dimension lines and figures are clearly visible and do not cross each other or the
drawing. The image below shows dimensions placed on the orthographic, detail, and
section views. The dimensions are numbered for identification.
Dimensions are very important aspects of a technical drawing. Where a customer
does not specify dimensions, it is assumed that size has been left to the discretion of
Xometry’s experts, who, while guaranteed to deliver high-quality parts, would not
be held accountable for any size discrepancy claims made by the customer. That
said, the following are some tips to help you dimension your technical drawing
properly:
• Begin by adding overall dimensions before adding dimensions that are critical for
the part’s end use. Next, add dimensions to all other features.
• Try to add all dimensions on a view from a common baseline.
• When a feature is visible in more than one view, there’s no need to dimension it on
all views. Instead, add dimensions on the view that most clearly describes the
feature.
• When there are multiple identical features, add dimensions to only one of them,
indicating the number of times the feature appears in the current view. For
example, if there are three identical holes of 2 mm in diameter visible on the plan
orthographic view of a part, add the following dimension to one of the holes – 3 x
ø2.0.
• Step 7. Specify the location, length and size of all holes and thread
• We recommend using standard-sized holes in your design as these can easily be
drilled in after machining. Numbers 5 and 12 in the image below specify a thread
and a hole, respectively.
Holes may include counterbores or countersinks. Dimensioning all the aspects of a hole
is tedious, and so call outs are used instead. A typical hole callout specifies the hole
depth and diameter, the number of identical holes, and the presence of a counterbore or
countersinks, along with the depth of these features. Threads should also be of standard
thread sizes and also need to be specified.
Step 8. Add tolerances to critical features
For the features that require higher tolerances than those defined by the ISO-2768
medium tolerance standard. By default, Xometry Europe applies tolerances based on this
tolerance standard unless higher tolerances are specified. Similar to dimensions,
tolerances play a vital role in the end use of a part and should be very carefully applied.
Tolerances specify a range of acceptable deviations from the values of a dimension.
There are various types of tolerances that may be applied to a technical drawing. These
include bilateral tolerances, unilateral tolerances, interference tolerances, and geometric
dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T).
Step 9. Fill the title block
Make sure that all basic and technical details are included.
Step 10. Include all notes and additional instructions to the manufacturer
After creating it, export the finished technical drawing in the PDF file format to be
uploaded during your order placement on our Instant Quoting Engine.
How do engineers use AutoCAD?
Mechanical engineers use AutoCAD for sketching and analyzing ideas to
determine the best solution for a problem at the early stages of a design
project. AutoCAD eliminates the need for drawing new blueprints for every
version of an idea. It also helps in interpreting designs, locating flaws, and
any inconsistencies.
The end