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357 views100 pages

Image Processing Note Handwritten

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fajito3192
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© All Rights Reserved
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Unit -4: Totoduelfan . _ Dey fal Tinage Plocesstng 7 | An ae may. be ia ge foci ___Ftny! = no) co a fog Sha tall Mee Cag cled he _hfndly or_an tinge a Bal oh when Ly he 0 lal Pmal P Pa tae peg eps il t A foPlal fa s¢tofle numbe: slemonks, Me ag a al: Mean a Tee ok =e eee _____ofrels ‘econ _censtdler~ three _{ypes_of_compulerizedl processes fin _ — “lacie! nite! and high tel pt hoo. el. processes = Tt Pavol mPtfve_cperattane sucha —_—Frnag e ppc b pum cabod has 4 — ___fingge_charpenty _—Tis_hath. fel nd 4s MPA level ecemee Ft ele “a such as segmental — descrpltont of those objeck fo mau them _fo_a_ firm sutla oe for compu ocessPng 1 ap ffeation of Proll deat — H's_oul puke ibules tled _, from fopub inane 7 i h- level procesces. _t-_ Tt_frwolves _* makPn ng sense” af anche of retagnhe ral objects, as -fa_tnag eanalete. onal th _amp OTT ttle la di call efit adil fmage — Scanned with CamScanner Reprecentfa ——Degttal Ima (9a EEE eee eee ca ___Thore “are. Ju30__dP{ferend-__wa to eprcent_ celal ; + (o-erd?nole _convenfon_[or_spahial_demafn + Matrtx foro. ______ lo] us_assume that 70 ye_f ny) Rs__sampled_so ol_| ____—_the__msultyq_dlPgPal_pmoge “has MM" raws_and_n_colunne. | 7 Thevolues_of the voardbloks (x,4)_now_become_dfccroto ___} wens Te inlueof_caardPnalac at tho ort fo ot‘ y= (0,0). The noth ceordinole values of el mou. af eee fmage or (0,4) e feale ternelion rans foflal Mage. “in_mmoax-form fs. of of 7 AON) 7 {On} i FC) te FO fe fea 0). Flt) — 20+ Lemna) Scanned with CamScanner } aye “SS “fundamental Sieps_tn_Diytal_ mage flocest eel a ee i as ae I i Colo tage [. —Tanvelels 4 enssten | Mrs ical I —— | Histg 5 hulhin i] l ; f a i ymage | 4 reetotation_I i Kaouledge Bato : _,|4--Tmage_enh-__|. j-—___—_—_______| Represenfahon|. hancement ff | eget) Pan, Tinage- amu _Aomain. ton, Ee fue Fimalmen bl steps tn ties oe ee 5 rE i nS {Agila Jmge_facessin. Sanaa a H Image —acqutdHfon 1 See ———Trnag.e.—_acqutsifon__fs_the._._ferst ~pracess.. acgutst tan whteh ‘an_be_as._.chmple as. befagafven an fnage... that. alreadly iy thal_form. Generally, the. tmdge ocqutsthen..siqge._fruolues- repracesstog.., auch as scealtng.. ae Eo | Image. enhancement eee = BasPaally, the fdea. behead enhancement techniques. do. 1 bath. cut: dolar thal obscured or .simply. to inhi a) features of Mndmest In_an_finages.. for example: xe fr ~ jate the contrast ef an mage... to..ortte. 0 ook. botlce' Scanned with CamScanner ——once_ef_an_tnnge,_UnlRke_ enhancement which ts Subj fmage._teshyalidn fs ehjeclim, mm the sense th tees tc be cn_mathenalion)|_on pli doffan.__fnhancement ts — based). ieee tijedea pl feeaat gent abal nla Nel anon ait eee 4Colerfomge_pmeessing _ —Color_finage_processh _fs_an_area_that- fas been _ Ss once hemuse_of the_sfyntftcank_frcrease_th_the_us onal frfages_over- the ‘nlerne: lor_fs_used_for_eztroctin 9 feluos es =] Ieet_ o_o 5 tdawlels ond _mulfiresoluion process ; q ae eae eee or_rey presenting tmages nil _— —...vorious_dogres of meblubtoo, 4 i te_ccod page | i ann asi suianuiennaune. peel _-represeniahian ffs Nie tchofque for. sree the —.stora 4 cove on Fingge scr. the.. bondutth ntouted to b4nsmfl A _sorage Iechoolbay hos teproved sgniftentty over a ade, the some connol [Link]._for_tronsnitsion capac ply — —— cemnpesston fondifor_to_.most users. of. compulhs_fh_ of frnnge fee suchas “Ihe —used_th_'p ses! — aia andard.— Scanned with CamScanner te Mcphologteal_ process im ph heh Aad fmape_cam ¢ —toals_for-_exbractin en) eae eee we usefil en 4 lhe_represon tation a 'f |g Se egmentakioa jenernlly, aukonompus son ymentabion &. 5 Sere espace »0_talr ths conf. e 4 fa see plc. A nen iniar DID Cadre put eee fice iy a= gy ga ete loxcoed H |, the. More wal p 9 |Repmsondalan nd _claccrfoHfon al fehl Aion teal oh ee ine of i ii #0 the pnt Te can ee Pitan appepink »—when_focus Fe _on_exlemal_sh Ea ee ; ike oppmpriate thon feeue Be on falerna esesuch ae Tha bela coped ake called _-fohure_solechen + deals with eat attributes that | sult to_soonepuan nahi —_ ,fnfocmnatton_s rk a nee ar, of objects fen Pea 10, Raogatlton set I Reg Recegntton & the “process thal afpnt_a_label to Z ~- Pet based _n_flt dlescn’plors._ 2g: vchfele, box,-bomchele. _ Scanned with CamScanner ___-Applhiaifons__ of Deghlol Tingge - Pesta — — ooo Esa Soge_stopeny _and_restoratbo—— 2)_Medtcal__ftelal 3). Robot_viston __4)_ Prttem _terogaizion __S)_ deo _processti ___6)_(ola-_pmeessing ek = ee pegtlol Image [Link] Systems a Although large. scale fina e_processing systemssltll_ |_are he -stild_fo for tated “applteako’s, such as_processtiy — Hy te Tags L first ae lal__pmoge.—wwe_-neod_a_physteal_| —__derfeo_4 ae _censtitve_to ie ey Sak led by rth ‘hod __.we uch. a frnogo. Secondly, a oe 6a. alo eon _ [Link] otha he_physteal__sencin _dlevice_inko_df thal_foren, Tis we USE lg er eve _the_outputs fata gla. chla.__| Heer ond thor hardware _.ach_os ALU. arr untl-_perforne ___fanchions sha regutre_fast- dla throughpuls- eg. 00d he ing écleo. aif ane frame.) thal ite il aio a: ermal “hata ST ee eee eee ~ igo ‘Aang _processhyg hardware uuwally constels_of—the— ae _ fan n_tmoge. processthg ayer. po. general: purpose. cata ran range, -feor.a PC toa ee hat ao well -equfpped . [Link] _fs wuflaoe for offline. if erocostield qasks: al Scanned with CamScanner it | “nF —|So ‘Tware_for fmage processing consfsle__ of. ~ Tat em ope ‘asks AL bell a ee powee pret ———Incluaks the copabiltiy for the user to_enil no Tpit ——|mnfmnum_,utiltxes the. cpecfalfeed _malules ‘ade_that, ap a__ 4 |____ Mass cloragecapabflfhy Ps c-_nmus_fh_Inage_prococes appl aghign fn ing te Uaoetiont bel my otch Pegs }H—__lof_each”_pfxel_ &an_#-ba_quanitly pequftos_one_meoabye thten sy Slorage_space_tf the _fmage_es_noktomprcsed. Dtytad . i | loc tn age _pr chitog_appltahtn falls nb dhe.“ a Pt ‘categories_- 1)_shoct=_#im storage _fer- use chiming processing, (2)_en-line_storege_fer_relattely kK Pecal (3_archPval thse’ ce la 0_dsplaye_Pn.use_foclay_are_matalycaloxTv_montlare.. Monthy belie “by thet ul of ag.“ ahead atl ——thel_are_on “Inkgral__part of thetompukr2yskmy_omtel mes Fonages_are_prjplemenled. “eal of —héadgearcen}alrang. —— ti_howe_slereo alsplays...— See eee eee EEE thocmal]_clrsplays embedded _n_geqglas _actinby the user + Macdeoppy dv? ces_ for_recardfag _finages. -teelude lace pial {ele _camerms_,_heat=.censfte_dbuPces, —pakjet units, ok. curves oplteal and CO ROM dese, eee ie olution bub __payrertstNe __gbviouismecirn—for—wei {| Maderiats., : a | Nolworking “fs —almat_ ade fault _punch’oo_fr_an compute | aystem. Gecouse ofz-the rh n qabuok_nf cbr M, Scanned with CamScanner 3 ——_—fmage- mone applfcattans, the key consPobratian tn mabe dans nx _banolufalth. — —__—___~ ee mag ei . Demain . I 00; 9 Ystem» ——Flement of Vtewal Porcepltoa @) Sn che of aman Le . —2-An_tye_tsnenrlyephertcol shaped _,_uth an_aierage 0 _dfemelsi mmermbranes that encloses Qn_eye are '. —________0_the tornea_and_scle@rq_auter aypy : 23 the chord, 7 3) the rin SI 2 Tie_comen fe _a_tough tnasparon ifecuethab covers — 1 Scanned with CamScanner the fer sur of the eye. 7 oe ! an __epague “mombane thab endases the emant of the oplte globe. ree ee eee 23 Te ohordtal Pes abrectly beloca the. sclera, th cealaine a reten “fF bhed werele hah sere asthe mejor source of nerfrition to ea eye. —— ee eee The thonstd & dhtled _Ariothe _cflfary badly afd the fife -daphingm The later cenfincls_or Sparc” ta conrad the —_ sauna font. that enfers. the ye © Tie central” opening of fts__vartes ip dzotameler_fiom_appraz- n 2h Sam. The. rent_of ints aniains usible ___.pfgment 4 eyeyshereas.” the back ceptatns_a_ Black _ pgm ot the_lens_ "& “made up of enncenbic. Las pao and fs__suspended py Phersthak_attath fa. flay body. Th contahs 60 “fy 704 _water, about £7 fot Jaa) -mpre_prolefn__than_any_other_/Reue_fn_the eye. _ Scanned with CamScanner (< The —— 9.The_ fhnermost membrane of the eye &reltna, When he eye properly focused, yh t_fram_an_es obj —_ouhsPob_the_ gel ~ch_the_reltna._fatlern_us lone“ edb she-bult of dtscrele_ tighten Be —— Surface. of retina. = ine ii ee are marily i centre Ni ina, called eg pam fps — ine vision_ts_calted _pholypteor_bnight=light ust amn___ > Yields_the overall picture ok veld of view, Ore —____10t_fhuolyed_1n_ color leer alee Ee ———elt_of filunfnation. Alea erotled! cm lPght visfon 2h Tmage Ficmatin fh the fue The radius of curvature of the anterior curfaoe_of the _lens_f& —groaler than the * reabus of fis _pasherfar ———urfate. The _shape_of the lens_,4 ceahollea! by. tencia lo fhe fibers_of the —ctltary body. To focus_on_d et _ the contig muscles douse the lens fo be relabi ly — d. The _dee eon the center of lens a He selina. yorier_r0 M_opproadmalely 1% meo_}o 14mm oo s Scanned with CamScanner hina Aadgifon and’ _ D&atnlaalton ee —- dineo ofoftal Fmages are alisplayed as_a_ oltcrele set of fiimelties, “the eye's abtilty to ‘olcrfminale belween _dffferent fhitnthy levels fan _fmportant censiderabinn th -preentthg Ymage“— provessfing nevu/tes The_sange..of Ith _nfnsty~ biel fo “wahith ihe human_v6ual_cijtlem_canaclapl— fe_endrmeces_~ en the. crob of 10%. fom whe scotopic old to the glare It th AE The subjoctfve hrightnese_(mlentity as Se tual ple) Boa ienthate ton the By _the eyer The vfsual system cannot — operate. over cynamte range. sfenulfane: curly. Rather, PF accompltshes. thts [argevavtafion by changing to tH cierabl sensibly » phenomena. known cu _batghiness —tdaphion. ae Oo Scanned with CamScanner ———Simptng ond fuonteaten _ aeRO en ot _purmercus wy N to acquit Pmages,_but ur aed es, —f_4o_generate_dfoftal_ “thay 25 from _Of most sentors Ps a ‘mabuaat lin yo. ca | am plftude and _gpatfal pene ae —tolale DG oraate onal bl ft we nee ot el be —_____ 1 di Thr yer smcesieg t= |‘ Compling i.) Suan tion Pofestaet aU tales apes sa TB) He (a) Canbnusen Iroage — (b) Rett of The random vanthorn.s are duc ty _fanag.e wii, I ae o A & = pg Th imams tren level are gn | | ie Ep cal aph igning —cne_of the J ales. | | A ak cumple The_asity nment_ts__ ; fea g—on the_vertica |_protinil | | Tigila Gemine of pg oe eee a I 1 LI | CI ee py —H =a 4 Scanned with CamScanner & e : Nefahs \lofahhaure of a Pero / fae hortzontab Vb doy | rit od. a Ued X, Y-4 L 2 2 Tha_.k of “pixels _are—collerl_ihe 4- nebhoar if ; d > och af er are at a_unft alctance fam p = The_4 “dfagenal, _nefo hb are__gfrea_by.— => These co} i aenoled by Nytal = fach_o¥ thera are at éucltdean ‘cecknce of yy pomp > hepato: _Mpytp) and Aylp) are logether —bnown as &— ntjllowa of tepatl p> doh he ae ——-=9-bme. of_the._potnks tthe ly, hp 4 + ——mage_when te Ian The odor pd rid eet yk ete eee ey 4 Scanned with CamScanner Adi Afar, aod. Connect fhe cy lata piu dd ee 1 rs and pits ging Mel mid ya gpocpad aitenm f simflavihy far oxarhplo + Ina ay Mage pote ara cans __¥¢ they ane _4- neighbérs and_hare same _1olue (O)1)__| _ __fs_emps ee Lita lacy, lor. 2 * t we 69 tse} Ny fp) fee ge nneched_,. a ls tatty wo o | ase || A i lt coonecled_,. | Scanned with CamScanner + A_path firm _pbzeb_p’ — ctth (oordl utth mordlfnafer § (, 4) oho 1 wth co-ordinates » fi, yo), fruti), Cary)... btn yo) where faa. yo) = Cry) d din Yn) = ¢s,t) } (a, uy) fs ad parent _. -. » Her, n fe the length »¢ path v oT nnnected Srmpcnenbe . if Pp and. 2 “are nPuele of cn Pra gnntted tf) “9 fo & if Iho to a path Arm plo 9 foncichng entirely 5 fait ‘ : os fat hos ia eb og pixels wn S that am iennor ‘p! calle npnecte component of Weorrns nd Boundortos - — et ah ie tapi R_ fhe of pad Scanned with CamScanner ——= i wD pq > -b fale) =D Lb) Dlp.g)=Dlg,p) (ec) Dfp,z) 4 Dlp,g)+ DL 9,2) Pu Iidean fislanto Je og) = Fors) 4 ty-t?] b) Ciby Block Destanca | Day(prqe—_[t-c] + }y-t thers Beard —Disdanee Ds Log) = max () x-s] byt) Scanned with CamScanner Uh ae Tage Ethanon and Diler ts Spat Donat, — Sieatfal abana enhancement methods ——=—Spatfal_slomafn iechnfquer are performed ty the mage ple _k = Tie oporaltan can_he formulated as Pusy = Tfftuy where gt the culput fA & the Ppul_tiage ot Tf an dpe rtinn on | yh. porati. the_fh % in. A the__cperations on ihe nape pixels, fan be = find perabon a inl Cpevcte nasa INO zeyD- Ne atic , firen_¢ Dre(Ot1 fe ma ts\_onoth a Ee arty to. deans} ean Ti ges ik ____uIth_pfred fn ohne bel 1 ley Dee alerted sie hy paula —haaifrmation bebe e_requirement., Ty = tmge al egatve,—lontach -telchirg, lresholdian ek 1 LPP F FEN dees [isa | Apert ( epee Ct ft ¢ : On of_tmige ocr off ue to poop a Tig enti ade Le alt ML aoa ; OL gall "Of the” tmaghng _.sentor_The_rewul of #2 ‘ : ty jul fapad-en rag of “heer ene Scanned with CamScanner : esa -|—— ntl hy tye ah wight ening ~ the lel aba." ‘ginal 14 2 cd Apue-ta—conhash chro ir alia ae “T 2 T w an 7 - TT gigs conhnsh dhreirhiag Thresholdtag, Edtreme—conhos+ chretchfag wyieklc th mage has mmylmm cocbntsis ac ft has lhPFe gray vous. “eal E | f dead — | stuf ! ug bes | | Y = _ 4 77 Dork = light E ek —___—Tie_Juehan ir) prochuei_a—hvacleret (binary) ira ge _bmappitg of this fs_called _a_theshalei Dime himesfn_fmage_procetaing we need fe .cepatert— oo ace fn some “regis, fhe... process. Recalled cog mentohey gt —So.—te_rafural way —fo_cogmneth es thresholding. ..obtd_& Uight_re gvens——_——_— pl tng but _separetian_6; = Zork 21 bat + —— © _ | Scanned with CamScanner f_—--_Wlinoge Mbpabrres Ta apie oto etl Praga fe absatad. by the bane. t femation_funchipn__s= [fle [-t-r sheen 29 fh ura holy, where _L' f& the number of gray lewle. The” Blea fe thatthe Folensihy of the eufput_fmage decreases ar ftp falencity of the ipa sc. Thes_fe useful fo numemuc L. potato 1 MeN E +1 haggle Tmage ee fe L a. img h ae oS phan fo. clfp an fina pe — pe on ee —_______of i the “viewers eye’, Ty ——__the_fmage__ t ‘ mokensthy lata ane jai vide The pantera — tonality atch be second, et, clipping fe |__wPth max, Lees } coat a MUM a reateyr (>) or — Sample: 7 we_hare a , . 1fo5 pe. +=I2s5 - ‘ il & Gee Scanned with CamScanner Thkastly. -level_.sltefag — a me peter range _of—¢ gray_lerels_ayinan_imap. offen_s_clasered ee ere | it toe _apuoach ts fa lo_aleplas ahigh value fir all gray { Jeyels_ta_dha mange of fnlees and a _Javo_ualue _for_abt other gray _lovels” TKR — perce duces abit | The “another ee tt» _baghlen the_decired alge $F gray —lee byl preserve__the —pinnaltes fn the fmage-— : trans formatfon {7 The generat — fxn tht hen fe ——— L fa | -whore ots_she conslanl__pad_rz., | | tng_fransform ator .conm pistes the olynamfc ang 2-H fnep ————utth_fange- vanotions_Pn_ pee le ge D- | _ spectnim a. _ ar Scanned with CamScanner rr Y —Fauer_lew trans ermal ae a wher _c fe ae 3 were —ond g “are posttice_condank. t ep cles e)” 3 Bit plane _sltty g Bpt an ltt ome presenting an fuape wtih : far snchphatl . The these . R on og el fe aa a ni fo a ‘smaller sfro {uo [in | to] 000 | 004 | 040 | two | to | _—_—-Separnting_tne be planes Scanned with CamScanner -fe_gfven pi ! plte lz nen 1 fie Kad t, = lt Plt) ofves'an_ealinnle of probabtithy il — 7 _ at - a7 Weg level ene Histo qram Scanned with CamScanner — —.. Hibfagram_Medelfg — shai - Ncblig tents median \e_50_thal 1 hh ——gram_pas_ a_dhstred shape. Thts tesa lau —____“tentrath_ lerels_wwth narries hishagrams.. - = Hera _epuaktn _ = “Uisteqram _equalfzalfon_&s_an_auifomalt—conlsas enhancement —___technf. h of ephre fin i hale nang all esti ga el Oey ie The bath Fe —_ — _fdea_& Jp - - : hth hee to al jiaesjacemabians Runchiaa a en en clea pal Cur) ef Heed 2 [Link]—domath, itt gray, lore ranges [0, =i], the ———-Haneferwation _functim_es: aes : TT = E. ltl SR Gale 3.Jn_dtserele_domath the monolonte.—prpery et chege T tmplies: ees Papely-e: hatte farmatay —.Dhterele_value: ~ — Scanned with CamScanner 12, Suppose thal 34 ample, ) of Pe | (N= 4096)_has ltl i lates bbe Gel the_hislogram equal ” apacnabon fib Sd the _ps-(8)" foreach Sp. te Dk Prlte) < ne [pm pithy Im: 0 Ho ota ; nz 4 | 002 0:25 ety = 2 &0. O24. O20 ven ts 2 56 0:46 mice + ys _y oa ao 7 \ Ice us 0:06 one ; a : ee 6 122. 0-08 py iy . Bt See Ae ort 2 Sha § 53 Now, =— = Tlm)= += Rly)= #kolg = 4.33 ep Se ss Th) = 1B Poly): AK 0194025) = 2.02 2.3 70 a Td elm Je Tx(01940:26 F024) = ass eS | cae | ye Te 2 12 Pelt = 3 8 Cougt0.2810:2440:16) 863 > $$ Tera) Sy eg FA (0:19 40-254.0:24 40.16 +.0.08) = 6-93 96 —- Sox Tig). = # (019 [Link] + 0.16.t.0-07 +0-06) = 6-65 <2 3 (See The) > 740.9 p.2ci0-2120-6+ 0-0840-06 +0.03)2 626 22 _ — Spo T(r). = FX (ould b 0-264 0104 + O16 #-0:08-¢-0:06 +0:03_£0-02) =H fier Scanned with CamScanner t ‘i: fi Gnifal Operaltane 3 ie i lalate i a etal ene aperatians rm a 3 piacel_salues 7] pine ee as piel fa the mage 0 ia Pine’ 5s Fake ay Noha, Vek hs WV, tial ffllerfog pan igs pee dont tho inlecttion op f fe cect te the fh ste! $y the netyhborig pid e —flg)= 1 Cf Guy) J where fy) = taput_inage ghiy) = output fnoge f t Toperabr {tke avenge _medPan_, Scanned with CamScanner ott) fost-1,0) | wh) wy (opel) | 8 00,1) a a7 Parra otio [ot gine Nt, py ptt yi ——_________ yn — —_— — ——— ptt f Bey) aye} tty 2 ee — — sriguee. = Mechan ‘es-of— Spabiol_plltering, Panera > __ TT erat ,_yneax—gilkenin f-2a_fnage ffs 20 MIN “pith a pilex maak i size mxn_te given—by. gl = SS ale) fp Cass yd) t _ —_———— ~ “Se =a aloe _filtenng enced ttl coed con-volt'on, Ft of ten_.roffeyed. —“toaveling 0. - amet an ingot . LK Scanned with CamScanner ____@_Order_—clatishes Fillers. (Mohlin ear jo 2 S__are__non=lineor spatiel filters whose res ponse._fs based 0 @ arderin mg) the ptrete_ confofned tothe _fmage. are enthpassed hoy the file, and fhen hel Ch value of the “center piel witht the — vole ple ferm| ©_tc1nl ing poauil. is Malina paler x ( | Scanned with CamScanner —— + Averag tng Allerg So tette The_culpul-_o an_averaipin filler £ simply th al a oe ving fi e zh ghe pire cablained tn d eighberhood of — ; mask )_abjert vithoneperates_by replacing the. talues_o every pine —aaes thea inthe = =. Resull__ is —_reahicfian ty noise. = Thes_keehnfque has _hn_uncksirable ide_effect on the edge, — ie blurc the. fe: tm aly = The generql_in} He. mentaticn fox bs Re cutesy fr olen gion ig t — —a. b 2_wlsA) Sob = Se — 7 whore ms 2atd , n= 2bra —..MedfanFelfers cTt_fs_.a nen: linear —digilal -filleingterhaique_offen_used — fire prise removad. 3 Medfan_ fellerteplaces_the_falenst _value—of that_prxel_by— ______the_meclon__of the _nefghberhood’_of _that_pixcel. ——__ _29_hfle._chaos ing. the. neig hborhaad purel tt choold not th exceed beyond Frmension_of-. the ated nip Jk 1s. best to_.rempre Imp ylce—0l.£e. alone pepe) ape ) has either min yalueCO) or rrax_valuo Scanned with CamScanner ; toffee 24 {| 132 oo | sa] a2 as ‘a te [92 [a Ao: 19/22 [a9 y [ pe au 3y au [2y g 22 | ta | 32 zo [ a | 32 In—ascending Grder: pS A222 dt 82 BU ge Medion value frm 90s 22 83 |as 22 33 | 2 i __vs |au | ire Ana: a To 9 [32 _{ a) ig _[32[_ 34 ! 19722 9U 94 55 31 99 33 499 a I final ot 1 : Scanned with CamScanner Modfan 4) Median completely discards the sptke thereat averaging —| tal i inuilfos_hereas_averaging patna mol oe Hiph pace crorpentng filters J ns [-%o “a | |W 8g -Va | lg ya J x Lroperhies : fas both positive as_well_as negative ales ___ 2). The.cum_ 6 ath—yalues—_ inhi filter “mash te epuad fo 22. (atte “edge cone tefreeated ty ceiaira_ mash. —_ | __a). As the sizeof mask —opetss.,_more_erfgetonenl.s_trevensed — t Ay Scanned with CamScanner —____fav_sharpenin ae fal tues — io._frnage. mata so _—_-.04_fo_make ~ 40 (at 4 posifian_) to he Of center, ue gel Tp lon ae laa bee ose ——to__. i206 i 3 oO + he rae eres 30 lo po | 10 | 20 | 20 , lo Ip 2 glo lp | 20 Ton 1 Mow, ee #0 _* | _taltalahin gox_te, _ flor ¢- ([Link]-1) 410¥ (1) +204 (a1) IX (i) +20¥ (ai) + 10¥ ot a) # leo CN ae hos. - 3 ae i gp i i 4 I a Scanned with CamScanner Boh boast filler the ban form —— hing the aaa ne en hg aT a hgh frequency cotnpenen!= sntle tll Keeping the loo fiepieny reals. = fre Here. Nigh fips Giller tiny Jas pillo higinas—t0e8 fong_=_HIPE_fmo_t LPE_ fing. iE = on nad_Img_— Fie HBF = A anigiaal )) - LPF mm, HAF =f fond, )=Lorigi = --——— en Hb Lng Joa im =—oniginal_im, (PF _________ ere sng’ CAqt J bHPE a then Y Hig hy boast = High. pass: Pies « onginal signat 1s Tred ty High para real} . Scanned with CamScanner —_Htgh fins puence émpbauic filling Taput founter Flav) , Filter FHue Inverse >in _ Page "tran form ” fancian Iouvior i fis pgs $$ Hs 420 -§/206 High _Erequenc Pe Hy ihok Sea on a sheath Al b= ia oe ee _ Scanned with CamScanner u | Readond based lens. _ “Ima giedienls—con_be_used_fo_ettack_e wadica. fea. — roe fiaient ft fe reallly b “ nthe __ ori. _____Te_get the full ran: B _chlechion, Robert Cre Geaclfent Apel rors Robert Goss. parole: fe cused! _tn_Fma; fpr i ao _a_clifferential behind’ the Robert _cmes operation tc to ge 4 b déccrete deferentiation sahfeh_ oral by con _com, H ee Taeaa he lonally adjacent pixels, __—_— aI buy) = Gary) = 6,22 6y" Pro Ph fa ere "Fe. prewtt- operator, ts _—_asedl Po_tmage p —— particularly ly _whih_eahe cl i Tooke tally, — “be te a _cltterelealpperen hation___aperatax compti ag —a0_appan . imation ofthe gradienk_of the tango = fale pe asch_ pk ito pe: fie — freak fs ether 4 liver He orm _of _#pi vets. rattle 2 provides 4wo_ masks ite deel —edges ta heen “Fine ‘ol dtrechinn —an.d_ancthen — | er_delecting ges ~f--cn_verhcal_dtatthaa Scanned with CamScanner | x0 = Vevhcal direction Howzental Direction oo ptt | _ om ns The ee ep fs_1ery_sinPlar_ fp Prewlt}_o ———..&_also__useol_4o_ detect foo_kinds_ of edges —fo_an_tmapes. Vertical derecho ae > Horizontal direchian, The “major difference._&sthat_tn_Soket operator. the coef. ——tlenls_of ie are_not_ ih and. hey tan be cnjcced tn Ee alae unless Mey —donat- “Wolieony ie —derPralre masks. = cel maak et eam me ‘Mask: th rol = ae Dorfalive—operofor —The_.strength__of the respense_of a. derfvalte opera ft = praperdnca the._ch ye of_ decal da op fhe Dna ge atthe a at=—whith~ “Hhe_operettor_te app > S >, Thus_renage—_diffrentiatisn_enhanas —noPsec. _— 3 F_deemphazes_qrea_wfth sloulyvaiying gray [evel valuec.— | __ = ‘ a Scanned with CamScanner | Oma Oo et . ae TR fist = order —_derPintive a} a_one=d fens (onal _functtaa_— ie fen dace 2 eet taeanenl fnt— at pf) : mH y CON f= flail) +f eat) = 2f tt) ee | Free _dlex'yabive. Hy “2_Musk be. z0orn ta pat fepmenk | o Must be nan 210 2_onse} O¢ 2 gray é Jerel_cfep.ol_ramp J o Mus b. Noo: exp along gramps. 7 Must_be_r0ro sn tak areac_ o Must _b onsel_and end of a frnyclaal step o Mus} be zero along foimpe af. conskant dope fon félbers_ \ | The chin 6 4 _2-D_fsobmpie measure _af the_204 ‘epatfal _dertvaltve of an fmaga . The _loplaclan_of-an_frage ih eps ae Let ange tt the Loflen wed edga_clelechan teen te ° fa applied_to_an_inage that fm» — fp fit ete with “somelting —epproxt Macting 0. Gausin. bs \ Sg eile ee Scanned with CamScanner ae sein Fillee_tn_etder_to_reducet ; ial ole: Spe st ae ar zt 7 Frs.y) + tfi-3 “3 - flny) Lin temchion | m cul eel eyo Pen eh e ft yt) + F (yes) = 266.4) L In_y- ofrecton e_ Laplacian _ran_h gireD_os_falows: | Mf = Clay) forty) 6Cyl) 4 fy DO = Hn ‘Ss ) & A ly —butld a fies. based_on this B Ftp) fb Ly) Flx-hyys) oti] Flay fluy) ff lays) at i A Toh 3185) | Fraga a tah be) yy oF Saget pbtent —q sgh pleat — pte ttheea 4 ia? {| ee i fet te or) é - , i cock TF HOS a te. is h6 DFTs ti Cet ei em Scanned with CamScanner . => There _a seo y laplactan ter? ro = Positive aa aaa s a a = Negative lop tian 0 pera. a _e Baetike Jap laddan 0 porate ______________— Cees 0) 4-4) 4 old pian base senor —maskta_abtch_dalen ih_of the mask shoul mask should be zero. _Ractlve_laplactan_Cperatar& vad fy hbo ck ee Al ra f ols lo Tn__reqatiro_laplacian operator we_atts_have [Link] mack, 5 econ nen iad fe _posifirra alt the clemenks fa =e should be oe 4 wit of gy elements. ae Applicalrsn a]. 4 “es “i UG. + = Be Scanned with CamScanner Oza —0) Non talon Pt n ofall process a process ohteh eal ge, meg iecrin nately 8, od PT a ae SSae ee a acling —_procers: hon ve fusmepltaite the notphborta petele, — —__ _ méhod, we crate new, fromthe (| te A sts 4 HF a LE ~______4_lel_us concrete} ran_fmgge ef 2 mus ancl 2eolu mac, — ‘Or ir A ~— = 3.| 4 + Ho ae esomag_ of si aa na s—phrels to fs adjown dan replied twice. we se get falling, —Mahin iz — : : fan ona ba EO Tha a wh taint = _0 reltale_—each-of hp. pzel alu th | ey ool opel A at _ackjcont pad- THe ee 3 4 i Scanned with CamScanner nae The cy Sent 2s Maamnlng ia) os Aduenlage kn = _Smple -foprfarm_Conly- enquires — copying feet). —£§ Mone ik zoomed but allput Ps very blucry ty TY mart ja mare _jhe._eaomning pete olabion 7 a © Magaifica falexpolabin ecu poe > D ee enle at Jn te (ree a Um. a. xe under a —wiler yar ne Senne pammbag) fa lane ee ietion® “hogy pepain ha lia tage 9 Tinage uf _ateays~ feos _some—qualthy “each “Bint Paha latisn__£s_performed, —_____ a han _—algortlhms_can_be._—grouped_ta bot ee “Adoptive methods ee WB A bpite. ‘melbode E Trcaplive method chang ere Te what fy ae feapolatipe (1 ‘wnt aol chive ala treat abd pixels equally. Scanned with CamScanner 1 le} a cama 4 ptels fp ame at fis fraal taeple q value’ “Thee _rauilis tn! much smoother Joking tma ges han ier Ge one beh “ lncsosk “x4 nel of kA cneh ares 16 pero. Conte Sop tapes ages mani nage editing — ee ee a ee Scanned with CamScanner Ont 3 | __“Tinge_Enhancernon |. tothe _frequency Demat Tnbroduchton to feurier Transform. andthe frequency Semata— —__——Ih__frequencty_clemaln., we analyze —sfonal_sstth_iey __The_#£ __domafn—methads_of —¢rmn 1e_enhancament fey frequen iomal hs_of- ¥ men on—_conveliition__theorem Thr: (as, 1 —T eo y= heuy) + fly, y)- | = toy) = resul: je I fe) natn tual apo |___fl2t,y)_=—nput_fngge _Tho__famex_ transform, _ropro centa han_o. equation obave fa nf! ud ts the _hfyh__frequencyy compen i - Gluvd- Hlw,v) luv) he functfon H(u,v) equation called _tmnsfer funchan. of. —fpulPmage lt) fo_emphasn Tr iat _domarn_, toe wh he Paagesos 2h ehh — fen ead en ° ——-fiequency ibution, cand —goxformthe ded i storming fr e_stranefexmati ial taba! shih then ufewed Pn pahal_domato.__ ipa => [Baus a — Petpet a [these Fanspscamticr | Fig. Sreavencu Demafn Scanned with CamScanner i pal Tacoma fan ting uency domata ustag— mathe geet caled dak TMs. Me = ° trans. frequency Cenponends Q_up, componente 2 Corresmpnds th edqos in an fnope ® low Feequenciy companeals eo omresponets to __smooth regions fo _an tngpe fourier fransformation ee pate oe ee -_domafn 4 -> fourier sorfos_f. rat usc he pals and. Foutor oa used fot_apenddPc signtal. 2 The fourtey “onsfornaclecompase.s a wavofam= ! 00 —t0al_tonrtl ayareforte + hip stousefds. YT Scanned with CamScanner Wert a ae _ 1) 1(t) —> x Gw) ne ee ~att) te +t 2) Ga) — xl) a 48 = fhe) me faves srecsfor aan ex fat = fhergy—stqnal CE~ ginfle , P90) - wer sonal UP fintle , E> ©) = inpulse rolled £q.0a] » js ED eniin wos fourier dea nsf) —___________—— a oe be_ q_eniuca if 3m » Valve x = The —-jouniextansform— clenoled b ats ae ed where _f. Vi ——f_ rfodtie—_uavoferr nn Htma demata -(alalale ts. fete ie ae) NO le 2 9B [ete] — where, peek 4 _t f ct) = Flas avétso { C126. "odheatae Scanned with CamScanner oa Toe ck a Na ak Da a Sar f pill ol" of ts e f 30 ol} S L. od -2 a Pa Sel ale TE 1 7 a [-07+e Jaa] BAe R nee = he oy _t ye FF a Bog ee ~ way fe 6 ‘}——__ 6 Sf. Quo ee = sie io Fl Ee) Spa a at | | C Flu)= me i ei oii Hl, one a Scanned with CamScanner “jeux fils fia (ie hole -Elul Ps. tho eae fun, where—1_naprecet the ipsa and fi the. = t 1 - : i I T fs i rt - 7 se + i ~————— 1 + — 14. i ye Swe Ay a {40 ug & 2, 2¢0 Ae 30, “Tnalfaat dommare Scanned with CamScanner -—____12-) feurtoe_Transform.____— p29 totnane—fani a bo_cxlended Daten Et viz Fly) 2 lie erp [=] pal and ft fnverce dransfrro fe oo Os: TE esils fligh ff tad mpl poe leary Ved varfable flilee HZ O19, --.mM=1 ps given ful. 1 = fet m 79 eciele tutes Hoafpen—can toatl fa inlet 7 2 Plu) 5 Al ' oat sa fix)_by? | Nok! Flu. whtch_te the _furior trans faxm of fe) _cntaing + l plies -arc_pf- has the same_n aa a = 0088 no | Then ad Scanned with CamScanner | o mag oS) > he fore ‘Transform ae complex._.quantilfes.. The ayn _tude.and pechumn of ‘he _ fame sabe fs gen bys : [flud} = Read a 37 (ey] 3 : > Te» pase lhe ie the. Tena ia bo} the. noel § f amaghhare se). nents vl Pe E = * bs Gla) - tan [7 co 7 = foser—9 chu f Spechun density rs cbytned as. the_snuare_ A nie pec LG and denaled. by } + Plu) = [rfwl? = Ru) t 12a): oe = , ' T = pent. at 1 Mg: al dtscele function of M polals is lap “Discrete. Sourley liansform : | ‘The _fourfey paeen of a 2D. dfserle font Cn ft) tt Cont 0) I (uw)- soe ‘i Huy) chee = | C weet + ewe Ve 0142 ved Scanned with CamScanner The tnvtte_20_ atte frien Amneform_con be -ealealed bys a yar teneevyln) — EE X= Dit, --pa-t Ys 0,4, 2poe- Met ——potiely gen as tue) Ls eds 22 4 (uv)= dan" Slaw) e 4 en [ed f ' a Plu) = Llu? = Ruy) t Play) : E a 4 | WO pal, conlered _ I —J - I | | \ 7 po See ee 1s ‘Ore Powe v Scanned with CamScanner 2 Hime_thifiteg 7 oe - ; ! i (t-te) 2 ft oF” yi) + — + Frequency ch a : l sah ei ne) The fen lng perky _stales_that__,... | eat) ft x fino) + Thhne Rcersal—Fropoahy —————__—________ Tp att Ft, yu) “then Hime _poversall_pinperty stated that : | (-t) Ft , x (-w) + Time Sealing — Pap perk g—————____________ et Saxe el) en Bae sing poy ses tal xfat)_1_ yw ‘ lal a _Otfferentation_2 Teg \ ertigg rp att) EL» fl), igecenbiak, ; oft) eft, ju Xl) galt at jad) Xa, 1 tnlegration pro perhy_stalea_that =e thal cAiarpr tte) — fff Ht Scanned with CamScanner + Mulliptealfon andl Convalulan._ Proporlfes — fo Xloa)_f. ae _ dope cond_cthey sharp. Aransitfon_aich ass noPse_ tthe gray lal ——0fan Pmane —cenbibute ston 'ftcant! fe igh va eR ae Rt ead eat er Fes — = Tus, smecthfng. may. beachfeved a nthe: _ frequent \-coaaia_ s by attenuata spact{ped_r hi 3 i te hone ton fag - “Me of Gh frequenty- -com pana 4 _Aiteatng. _ represented a8 + Flu) = Glu) H fay)... 4 — — whem Glu 8 the fourier. Te the_ag. Ele a | Wu) e6 tray & funclfon wshth_ elds. Flu, A Why abby tig — —___|_ the High. Fee cop of Se) _ ty aaslig 4 = — Scanned with CamScanner 1) qdleal__LPE i). Buiherworth Etiter iii), eal wpe aan pas fe The. ale @ £(Hlo_ No) aie fo _loteer- fi “hina of te eye fa im An $deb, Pdeal low pas: cf 0th cub of feecqvetiyy (ro! fe cgien by follouding — re Pret Hew - > 2 Tye er, | 04 —-FPa sts i ‘compltertc posed by she Hen. ——_—_____——= = tr te ‘tbe value Of ro.,_more “the. nai ep o — ae general, the value _o, foto ol choad mel of [the “componerts of fnterest axe Passer, L though cohfle Scanned with CamScanner a eo -dinestonel [Link] low pase Feller baa te = stron fer -fenctions_ i. —— _ HCuwv). 4 it ee Yo . A fer order - lot culo freq) Frequency tsponce th nal faa chp denim x BO BT the toatl” lee i =Tifs_Rs_more_app npprhile_ for Imqgaenmalling iy ie for fn smoothing than the :__| Fokal_LPE, see this_nok. “nc i igh al et pe transfer, peo ———that_estableshas wenchas, hem: for filers PH smodh_ shans fir fanelors., ohpsp, funchore, —fequenyy locus. at ee for_whfch_ if o_caele— ertafn- fraction oath Martina. value. te Scanned with CamScanner | ie _fnusitan LPF _ 2 Fe nan fnctian— ofa Kauss (o\dpacs_feltey Ps ee ital POE __ where. j | Duy) = [(u-)2)*+ Cv-M2)? ] 7 jee. Dluw) & the Apstance fpr the point(s) ty the fe purermoter _De_aeacures_the_dsperstan_ap the Gas ‘The _fowier fundige—e HPE may be _oblained buy using Pollo. hag __ relation‘ palo H fuse) 24a Hyg lat v) - - High pa filer az. the reverse of loco_¢ sl fen Scanned with CamScanner «Tdeal HPF A 2D fdeal HPF may be descrtbed ufth the help at ellowfing equation = [ley (ve No)= I? Scanned with CamScanner Hw) = 1- e@ be, Det tb ved non -negcrttne quanti. Dow) Fe tho dtelance ‘ut_the potod tut) ib. the a of as: “a of fisquency.— Di) = rae + (v-Nh)* | tn) ia } + > Dewy). SS Scanned with CamScanner CE=—=0) [futor | [eller | Tiuerse Bunier| TroafirmiE——4 function ‘Tronsform [Btu Hua) Flu) Nal (prose! T= oJ Tipet_itnage énhaned image I ely) 4 (uy) _fliy)__dPmension Mx 2) “fplx.y) démenfinn PrQ , P-2m and O=2N 2) Loy y cn 4) MC) feltex Elm. | G@lurv) = Huy Flay S) a tuy) 27 Ta ew) "9 Fak faurtor “VWonsform Ly ffl f& an algo Fthim tp compute destyele fourier Front onel PH fnverse DEt_&eblatned by dew mpoxi mo components F frequdneies FSG Acequence of hier b> Scanned with CamScanner Qz—=O t Mm — t (v0 tar) £(yot2A) aff A CS ered _ WAI ier? H e423] | in { 7 ‘ | | W NM 4 % ®B In) Ja ure on zy it Min) yy -changed by faking LV=Samp|es —___|sequence. A 1 i £flxo), lata ba), SC 42A%) , = Pein, 7 nr = let x refer fo efthér a continuous or dtscrole v4 ue. - ng, | Le: HotAX).s where x= \p)d, Ned and fo) fob, $2 -- €0-0} denaks aa {The._Deserebe_ founter rans fern f. aie by | Net _| E(u) 4 < = fta)- expt ~p2aux] NJ Scanned with CamScanner Lf A Tale ar ees ECL I fic U0 =? Med and v-0 -@N-t d Mel et fue 2 Flav) expl 32x Culm Evy) T 40 YFO far X=O5M-l 2 Ye0-=2 N=4, — The. ctfserele finches fOuy) represen te Gooh'nuew funchish at poet n fe sy) Aus S)rpn 4) Av= “Luby. __‘Dferele fePre Transform 2 “the mothe i ~ B ely a a] eg: FE Compressive’) , — coeffcienls, tut —t = E, osfa ats whore bs Ody N=t 2 vy) = 2G uso — an 8 A ieura tensa Scanned with CamScanner mete Fle = tu) Fla) cos Pe (es) Ca L an | where yeo fo N-t. | i ne i Det_= Flu) = «fu xty) - =a frouy ) » (0 pees . an rere Coys} — | «Lagi }— oean | where Yu) = 4 per usp |. Vi! | = (i focwust to Vol ands yveo toy Nel N Lohedy if 7 = pct = ely) = “S Eta) Mw). Aly) co TL OtNe) 1 T v Us0 v=0 [ aN U _ - CoS. 1 Ca) “f fv ‘ where —at.y- Of, = -Nebi 2 1 ; fa — lw! the up? corner of Der» Compress Ycan be achterod face the [ower igh vale st. | wey Zt 8 Scanned with CamScanner *) ie & =| Also ue ~car_comp we 2D DCT sid 10_ fcr a | ® apply sD DCr_| ) Fo_colym.s_ —____——_____ I jd Der fence Joho IJank Werk ca! DeTabore Lg ae allernerely Horror tal fo vorhieas- _ Tipu Coorhauct Sword - fumbo, fg fmage —> kn —> transform —? Qeankoer Broder Pe J 7 t “enix sabtamaget ve 2) EFT = || The Ame complenfl rectuo0« be to On paoac, =i JER the fase» wersian “o Scanned with CamScanner (Convoluttan The neta hae ga Ist “mo demain %& eubok. pt fy the ae thelr aspectra fn frequent chmafa, Teja PE Bete) £5 Xi (Ww) onal stat) Fe NX> (to) x I Gnrelatpen xi(H) lt) EG Vila) € X0) __ The conelatan & ale membér of the ee pabx. | lore yh) > hcp) HG) 2 More gory the RHS of the. jolts Gp). “HEE ality : # Im Ht yy the complex. a . ‘the A : the eihor gis the rd of thePr_correlatPan 4 2 Ueu hare real, @ Wel Uf Tits_fs the Con lation “heorem actin (Zere Paddfng) Scanned with CamScanner <) Date. Page. => Hence, Pe Be plo _ensy, fo Ymplement baal Bp tae Fein na gel ne oC ee “arMimohc and bela) ps 7 uh bth m_the bay cosine re presontahin ‘of 3 = byla) byl) I Ht- 2 "2 py bo) I Ne others te ws 64,2 ates t Wb I hfu) = fp ' 5 ore p by: | The 2-D Hadamard. 4 Thame (a) aby) bel] Hwy) = i z. 2 flap u) o my % foy)es 22" teu) 6) TUTN Geo 20 Scanned with CamScanner | C=O I h = ie_fodomard_bansfom_tsmnol_t»—?s_2 NEN mahi. .ghore ae cahtebcan_be-rocurstyely dlefined_as? E Ha = ft [Hn4 Ht) a ta C Hing “Har L | _ Hadanurel abn fixe Ned L | Hos 2 [ito His] 2 © tng ~Hn- [foc Neg, Neo), net es ae eee eee | V2 H He _ Jeb Ho =t then. Hye + [a4 ila -1 ‘ - For eu, 022 _ He) "| | Wwe Ln -wf = | 44179 a ~ 2 yf 4 -f | yf =-41 -J | gp oy a =, n=3 eects tots 4 ayo [Hu 4f -f 1-1 F 44 -f -1 [ f*-j =f of ft =f -1 -1 = : classement ee ; “7 a 1 qa Mwy 2S al Scanned with CamScanner ™ Q2=0 Hoar Teons firm Hoar trance form fe effective fn eee Ry k oO. 1 9 2 -p. 0. 44 4 oO 4 409 hy fa). br {nls aa aE 7 “ea ae P ond 1 (041 0 tHerais Scanned with CamScanner =O) _Nows for K201 prot qeQ. y= 0, Yu, 7u, 94 | s a4 : W hye) zheglO)et Wy | va - elu) = ty = Yo hoo (4) 2 F/fi = He boy Cla) = ‘hi = “le i] forks 4, p20,get hilv=hy,(a)21 9 27 osrth | * ' Ww | -2" Sin bned | “0 0 theswhse _ - ho. (0) =_! oh : ylO) = Aogg C1 fae $ hilt) = 42 hy Clu) = =3/ Ing (3lu) = - 412 7 —_lfor_k2 9 pst, get 4 (on otherwise Li Aetode hiya (0) = pao - | h, Mu) Zool Wp ¥-2” 2 - Bp — inl yu) = ha = $huX¥0 =O My (Yu) = hays cn = Yyto =O Scanned with CamScanner | c= Th for_k:2 4 ps1_ond_g2 2, we hav —— pt S)p 2h 20-45 hf) yal) + Yoph oS ved | ° : ethers ) BI c l h, 00) = hays (o)= 4 yo =o i ; a | hg (shu) = hy, (th): 404 2 0 i [lu lu Ge | hy) = 4 yo 2 se wl 2 hy (3) = 4. y =o — - 3 va 2 The Haar mat fore) & as below Properties of Fauri \ Addfticn theorem FL Ft) +9iyy) = tuv)4 6 ayy i ELF Ce -a)y-b)J = Feuy) 22% Hab) Sintlonty tearm FL flaby)] = ay (4g :%y) 0 ® @ @| Conve bition thea EL fev y) fai = Elta) 6 aud _____—— {Roy leigh thea rm SL? Teen? dudy - SOL? [etuuil’ducl — —6 Evonn0 ti) 2 Bl Phu thonren _[* fii fo ee Scanned with CamScanner C _ ete foetal etagpal- ce = ct —_ whee c* = confugale. 7 cl tansform 2) Tre_cestne trantfirm te not real part of Uhtlany DET _ Tle FAL x 3) Tt _ cloments can be calculated oc OLN lag MJ ; u) zh has excollend energy compach'on fine highly comelated data ) Tt te fact franc form andcon he Pmplem ented fn onder of —_ 3). Tt hos Gol btaady values + 2 =1fh PH kernel maria . ory good x 1 te. it immebic_, se, sparnble —eunfkony drone fim, ____— 2). Tt _f _arthogonal _ond reap. __ pie ot Hye HF l cy Ly (mati Favre = ae Conjugate of f= HL Tk eile fre 2” where *4) fb “on _faloper Scanned with CamScanner {I Unt =4_ —TInaye Restorbon anal _Conprseia a tage an fap ig hh some _prede fPned conse => Recforalfon al 0. 1 | 0, ——+ Image —restoratfon_déffers from. Page. frhanement tn thal the later“ ec concerned! more ifth arcottuatfon pr. extraction of — or_than_restoratfon oy Imag Image _rectoratton_prob| las onkancmell citer are dpa wheveal -mathenicttcally | —__+| <4y--of enhoncoment: tebntjue 1 Coalack strolching | & of fma9edlepradaltan t= mage blur, v Scanned with CamScanner G2=0 _____ Model_of lanage Deg rclattan | Restaratfon Pocece _ func# ton (u) fillercs) tinge _nalte—& acm —wattlon_ gf Defghiness or clor—— = toprathion h frags an ually an cuspecl- of elechoate Scanned with CamScanner ce GouscPanhokce c ol_| Expctontfal Nofee © f J m_Nofeo Impulse (calf - and popper) niofce + Gausstan Mobo TKR ae Qs __dectnPc_noke because pt anricas — ‘fr a omplefiers or ablectors. Gausefan_nokoo _F caused fy natural Tt of ant pn fen et nae ee Fa fad : Probably denaty funchim (006) ple)= ~@-u¥ [To* e Scanned with CamScanner plore meon t= as [zh and —varbaaco 5? W4-2) Pia) V4 4 Cbg fh Scanned with CamScanner MD cass " yoke The_pok. Be ghren as: I Pexpez) = ae? for oxo \ | =O athrufec where a8. Tie tean-—tarieoe arm; Af = oo Q aa #1 OnPfarm nofee The_nofso ined by won tPe. 2 4o_o_number of erste _ eve ee te inakse. “Tt has_qPstibuhen aj paoaPmated to enPfarm tein tea hte hero are_cuotfarmly. Hie PDE fs fven ag Pre) oi # fiom qQezeh Cb-a) = O for oth or? The__mean and. y = A =a th At 2 } os _(h-a? e : 12. = Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner —__|___Ie catfal_fil cave tient Hi 4 t= | Mean {thers _ sl itieed Fi ____ He _arftimetfp__ mean _felfer & a very lf Fi Ty, y) (cb) —| ft a ta mn remetled as the staph | Wi ‘lel i i i H9 | om to fo nothing fiber. “T2. blues the pe ©, nD Tk fe aleutaled a follows = —— Fela gl a Tk ee aati sneotitng to_tha _cufthmelfr mead. but_tendo + fase lees foun pw 7A Harmon?c mean “fs caltulated as. filous ,. GHG y Gerd wel ar cal ate, bal ile ‘ Scanned with CamScanner | = “And. ft also__does well yor _other t€nds af n0fe such as ___ baussfan_nofse, \ ~_=>(onhrahSsmonte_mean _ a Owns $~: . — yet . £ (uy) _ eg e Schon Q =O > aithnele he qs) \ O= 41> harnpcte SL _ ! ne + Artthmetfe mean _feiters are. aitled fir . Lautan or __unPform __nofse i 4 —— hatPotPes Piller: | Scanned with CamScanner 5 Te [i a fet = gen fqe4 u Os | 8) | MaxPmum fPlder 1 = Scanned with CamScanner 4 R_tsorts by deleltog the db lowes {andthe hia = grey level __vehlues. os a fo sof Pr f: ?. 7 Poe auth as a campfnatt Ted 20- althnol oe Puy))= £ Qels.t) : d= ofin-t-> median filer min — SN ESy a Ttmmed mean Her _Tt_woorts by ag ha max and mfr _values and caleu- taltng ihe _quetage 4 she semafinfng values. Scanned with CamScanner Teal ffller “In__thfe feller__ftequencfes outsole of Mee uk —atenualtn and _freque Ly i pletely blocked ane fener able abe a) he ent ~zre_dhonualed oof the Mbyt mim value The butlerusect) lke hes cal_hove_any_sharp_ofecon Htnuthes hokacen pastel atd ft ences. the —defautt for Bondretect-filler & Bu rraRuCeTH=1 ~— The__centered -FET Po ° Pastors lon Bt te ie eg e wlalth of the frenvenay band, P= Dida) £:be Scanned with CamScanner Date. Page’ +f, ml ar _ 3). Ganson To_thfs typoop piter, the dransttan —belseen enftitered Scanned with CamScanner a= ae | yey 9 a ce of Ak 7 _ beora----J--- J. --— | Rass le Pasy— Fee id Fa L ae oe =e ts se ye rs ie the o. pte teal fle, eee the size a an. on ligase fel —___=> TrnsmeesPon | 5 Redice of Hanantston ne + lepreston Reduce of baud watz Forge ages Dota Redundancy Aleta thal ae aa il Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner 7 Date Page’ Rewal _Tnformatt a,_Corlabn__m formation Ins less _relaere Importance thon ofher_tp fi al oe a pee redundant. 0 Este cn_Ja_ ltd Sept Build a Huffman tree surg the _hteA gion 2 eunel unk] fay one ben noma x tine Slop 2+ Emode_fhe_Hyptnan tree _and eo save the Hef stee_wtth the ded nue, Ih | Example = — =e —sfze_ 140% — 93 = P (ax) = 9] 100 = ny = Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner 2 ell nab pf bits fo be_traromiflecl oe nt lang = lox /0x 22 = 220 bits Se 7 gy face sad = [0% tox5- Intior2-2 (SEE, /0 LOxID ER =_ 0:56 = Sb, | Te ay plactdeta comprassian fecha eres this Teohnbue, aid ell el ct ene 82 strglelea un_fs_the sequence of same dak ar_vdue impression and reyosib le, 2 Tp_thore tm epealig ates nthe doh col Scanned with CamScanner | 7 Fie anmank af taba tema hth: onal x Rie xt Us = people’ haf bik =f i lot Gastrrck the G8 code oF the _gGten | sek $100) 1101524, 124, 190.4110 Sha, Loe el Gray vel Bray) — So rotootom) —TeS code 100 OUD plod 00/0 olgo Dio 3 tno pollo 11/0 Ol _poro ol { ——Lloy olll_ 1100 Ol) 10 Out Fh ify Ol) 1100 10 10/0 lip _| == | Bo. 1000 001 jon 16D |p ——_| 2p NOD Hod doy 0160 HOt | . (lo; = ey ae not eo Scanned with CamScanner 4 loor_|oor| oor | or oe —4io} tion | tort ail aol Télelel tly Wo | yo | vol Ty CEE EPP IS op b mr fe Scanned with CamScanner | =O _—TinggeCompresstan_tardele put SI Oulpu Compras relMborks (decompression) lato. —_______A.general__data_campressfoh_sschorme__ ___ “Image comp. Ha_Comprersfien Tate ke Ht frags, ect eto dong or_transmfsson t e comptecsia¢n ° thats compmasforn | “Tinage_Qorapre fon I I I Lossless Camppressfon lossy Gnpresstn I Tf a +P im — apy sei [Laskin cig ore / ip : ape — Dreheoxoy-anlng Te mack as es, there are redundancies among ey-atijareat- pled vate; tl -adjaconk ptaele axe Highly catnked— ae ee curent plah can he poredicied rearonably well Yeas Scanned with CamScanner ona et ghborood- of peels The_predlfelfon ator hich | (& chlafhed_. »_subtragiag the predie¢e. the Q (0) Ereoder Scanned with CamScanner _ Te fae figure shows —the bast components pffa lasskee = preicte es a cheader, ab. ‘onk an_% _ A tT ve paicel ay top Pma. fo luc ‘on me - ene eln) h et) P Sambo! tc f= eniodes emaa \ U Fa. lossy pba seg eal aloe eee — the [Link] encoder tte de p the pofat at which tha prodfch'on enor ft Bl sequence hr TO aked | r TT Predctre | Fla? Monactor F0n) poole Scanned with CamScanner volar er: faa o_tfhfled range 2 amount of are plese St stort asset ted! cofth lossy _predlfefire coding Me “er Fim) = eln) fa) ‘4 Scanned with CamScanner cree + Ay a afl Reyna eld stllns—conaxPull — ntorpholoateal. ffl tery thi nnng pang i Scanned with CamScanner || Shucturfhg_Clement_(fe) Ee a ye | ea fen Aso em bhan z = [Tie_maltz cers fans spenPy the sfze__of tfe_.staucts rag _ clement = The_paiterns¢ anes end _roms_s| if SE. = An_tiifpin op se fs usually one_of "Be [Link]| igencralky the ortofn an he sulsPde the se = ef aate—teal for shape_delertag A 4 Sig nl pti te tale acta tated ip Lore er rs + lef 2 “be enclosed by pp Re amas Sach oP th bed | + Ten - nae DO owe H $f any 68 matches en ales iat) as Foun — EB boaaley —he ak-tonpased op 20H backeyaurd = = CB. Bo} 5 By Sh Aas Chg The—niakh of B to A ot dokel_o¢ 7B DB Ion— A@A = (heb) q (teh) ath Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner EVs oe pig opto * \Mopholanbal)fatfon and fr inde add pixels 40 the houn daries of offe tu ee) M1 emo re. DI xet 2 Me — nile_cised +f 6 asa Plat oan ersten at i ty Substlut tan -______|__2, tertor_adlblttfon . process. the phrele defnes the poral egy : Tour; 7 7 ly ‘Goon [polod) Hee [fo] 6 7] Tn | ol ° no " ba el Scanned with CamScanner (0,0) +for1) —> 0, 1) (Cid) #04;0) —» (1, 0) CO,4) eco) (a,2) (0,1)+@(1,0) Cres) AGB = 2011) @ C0) (0,2), CL 02 i #_Chenaclershice of. Dilation 4. DPlah‘on Adlel. eo) tothe Bourlary ofan phjorl- fn_an ee ee ae eo biel. J Scanned with CamScanner Rocio Us. Druarronl ————— i + Gieston - eal 4 _Shninks On thfns. -objooks fa i 2. Lemove mapa compomeng 2 3» inde aut fhe —Sodedaes 5 reolns_of fo f Ei ihe as Goce agen »_Aflaitan 1 Giows_or- thitkarc_abjeckfa_a_bihagy fmage— at te syponly eal! Peo tor eperaons aan dpa 2 ——+Ppentng ct rn age tu stathantog clonal = ee se_by theolPalfon, are sttaneal_10°het ar tip te age} ly Fag Aa al oa ak ee gat emston— Scanned with CamScanner a ber seit can fi holes_eq the tpgfona __—IF 8s_ called: te being tha mfttal teglen P08, ——Basfe_merphalenttalaygortinme CAppitations) 1 B sunday Extinction fist “ertole_4 by G, then inate set digpronce fohseon A Ate) the _ernsfon The _shtcknecs of the tontour dlopende on the stro af ronstut- op abyech CB), : P(A): Ap (HOR) ! fe fe clblatime oo mplemontahian and foletsectans. pts the poll fa Bsc. elt te a oft ir tee Che OB)OAS 22159, Tie process stops then Aes Bpag + The _result th h “ aXin) , Ra sok eS ef . Briraalian of Connected impononds

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