MobuLE ‘(ey ot} Wi 3 1] With a suitable Example explain Me and Moore model 10 a Sequential Circuit An ‘si Com) Aes. When the output of the Sequinbiod cirut de end on the Present Skate of the Flipt lop, ip webtered tor Moore “Model Moore model - On! the Sequential clvadt belovo! Fig ©) &hows Example of . 1} ooaan © —> © a) bal] ove. eel] y model Fightexompte of Moore the Sequential ctyautt vdich s and AND att. pne out ur Y: Aoove fiqure Shows Concists pf too aK flip-flop The drair hor Oot loput x cand AS Show “19 the gure, fopus be und to cheternaine the Inpas ot tL Fuep— Flops: } x TE ds not ured td Acttymint tle ousput- prune dkotas The oukput wa derived wing only of tee Hip - Flops: pr combiation® of its Aleve (y= @n Op), cn genvot Form with ils block Schemattc as shoon | Exttation ; lVariabl 3 Nor? te More Mod Con be sepreenl og (Cb) | below cor Net Cry Stole Memory | ue : aos L_Jetewenal |] | | yefste ‘State VariableNe ey, wey Mo ee When the output of tue Gequenhol Crude ped or both’ tne present State of Hip-Hop) Qed on the Inputs), the Sequenuad Uruk th tay model: Beto Fiqune CB) Shows the Example of Mealy Mody. Yehud to oy BH Fig te) Example of Mea model As shown tn Figur the output of the Chute wo desived from tht Combination & prutar Stab of Fup~ Flops. and inputs) vf the Gras F. * Changes fo the input within tre Coch pulses Can not affect 4ye State of the hip. flop. Hovwtvu , buy aan affect the Ourpur of the Crud t. Th Guia tw Meaty model Con be reprutatd Uuith it's block schematic a glow in "9 below, Exdtaun Nani Net Stal (Ctodey Outpue : yore |Mesony decoder || Anat A State Noriablu.pen se or Grate has oe ‘input a | : One aoe fg at dhow, > In B Cubpub, 0 & “que cat wlth gure bust Le 45 T Fuip Flops be Ftp Flops 2) Th Fup 6 Gap 122: From the ee o3 ” we ft an cleo that fr ho Pour stow ., Cath Stats lay two bit broay number. EP J Lops. i 2 4 Cctal) Thu fore le equire -+wo PupP | ps ree 4¢! > State Toblt at Preset, sta] Net stats] OvFP' | x20 7 xed X20 xeL A BS Atl et | at [et Y r © o eae 1 (0 o T _ fel oe ° ° Vo re 1] o] oft 1 ° ! i | o| tre \ ° ‘ us ible &atation Table weg -p PlépPlops Precent skabe aunt cote G0"? below iB |Go ° ° oe piation Tae’ - ip -Flo SS Cireudt excitation Tae -for tT FUP-Fleps- [Present Stele Taput| Neat State] Flip-Flop | ‘output A Dope, x BN B FT ot al x | a[e | mite | Y cc v o o|0 onto © ie fe ! 1 fo Bie \ 2h oe 9 vya oe o 3 al | 0 }0 ne ° ; 0 13,0. io No \ 6 : \ \ ° 1 Hoy i : 2. vy I Hao ol6 0 K-map i ae Sim pUF cation et, 7 P\ ooo eh en od ity or sfc : B Fy NO. {3105 ~- TA=BX + Bx TO AKTBX+AR ie WETS REerr B A Yo BextAx 5% ee] bo Te oat 8 ia oS 16 eel ® HH 5 ae ae y oy A x output (Y) 4 cb)Sonu for or Fupplop is. ip Flop - cute exatation tabu for TK Flip Flop psot State] Input| Neat stare re Flop Inputs output! oft x At [87 |tplka [ga [ke |. >| 0 Oo 070 O;e}o}] x 0 | | oto \ 1 Jo JI [x }o | 245 |o 0 ( ! Needs RO. ° 3} 0 | 6 ! ooo lx} xy! 4 a is 0 MO le oo | x | | s 1 lo 1 oft jxlifr fx]? ay ly ° Plea | Apt yt al) ha | ito {x fOPx]fa |] o K- arr Simptibcation « e, sae VME Ka Jp KB ® o ¥\.o jo p 10 By als es aes Eeaes he Tas Ox+ex KasBxtBx — Jgeax Ke-A +x of o nes Y= AX +ABx . |A+ OT capt ep) Ie agi diagram h given Stqusntio’ Chait ty on © Rom Gi Ran "1 EPRonm 1) Flash | = Ram: S ae Com RA™ (Random Access Menror x RAM 4s Volatile Memory, ¥ G0, if power is ope, then dara of erased. * There are +00 type f Ram D SRAM tf Statte RAM) made up oF Lup te, . 2 DRAM € Dunande RAM) mode ot i and! capaction ope up rong, ° AA pa Ram will g eh iStor K addhess Read kivite Memory’ unit 5 WSords h bit per wor BuSBtS tines Fig): Basic structure of Ram,a | xThe basic S BAS Blown 8 toucture of RAM fs sho fase © 80 Fiquay the mumo 0A In above fig (a) r fea + pt a nombu OF lends fe conics UnLe 1d specibred of bis Tn each Word. okains and +tu numby w The address Unw elect One perticular Lond - ok Each word a 7 memory assigned an Ident Keaton 4c i } op oe an address, Srating from © lo 1,2,3- nrlhe & Ts tL nunbu a address Und a The Selection of & S' eihe hlosd inside the mnery \| ea by opps dae Kbit binaty addres to address | \ Advantages of RAM \ Ie is Oo Faster type of Muvery: \ \ Q Te require legs “power FO operate « 3) Pregrane Loncls Mel EO. Boe BAM Focrene —peprnen™ ds dyster- 5) Ram snemory is large igh capauity. GRoMs Read Oo Mery ak Rom iS ecctotially oO memory awit fo yauich Permonert, binant totormatios 1S Stored. Rom is Non ve vu Memory 2 nKaP Fae é decode? Toker connection TIA Tigbys Basic Strocture of Rom.. ear ATE base Chem of ROM 1s Shows fo Fun (o), > i” KTL cCongicu of (n' ‘oput Une and ‘m output Line ; * Each bit combination of ‘in put Voriabu io called an addsess* ! cach bir combination of outpw Vaviabu callecl Wosd 2X The numbu of bits pet Word Ju equal to pumby OF Bin Output Liners m. % An address 1S Césentialty a binox Munn eh “ay denote one of ttu raintYnd © Veriabls. a The ne: of addres possiou usith p lpur Varia is 0, & An cup Word @P &t Sdlected by a unigut addaess & Goede are & adistind addoesses In ROM, henu 2” dinkind” Pots aid to be dtored In a untt. Pom can be classified in to PROM G)EPROM (Z)EEPRom.- (4) Flash memory maak UnEPRom? —) te Tt Stand) fod Erasabu Pr Memory. aul egramable Reacl ~only * IE overcome the dinad van tag ¢ of PRom 2 Once Pregy armas y @ if Wun ona thee memor is Prog ranmed Te can boc erased oF changed - a To do So, the EPROM fs placed unde @ Special ultra violet ht for a len of tmes tte Short voave yadiation mak tlu EPROM Fekun tots Tnittar Stam, Wnich atten can be Programme) accorcling ly - ain for ¢rasing tu conten PRom Programe ¥ Or PRomM burner is used. ak2 i”) Flash, Memory + Tt 1S enhanced version of EEPROM. athe Aiffereow betwun EEPROM and Flos memory is dhat. fn EEPROM only 4 byle of data co” be deleted ov uwvittey Ata posticatay ‘mt. But io Flash memory blocks of data Cusally Biz bytd) Gun be deleted 0% Wwritlen at a past ula time. ROM. & So Flash memory yo nuh Faster bear ce? Applications t COMohky Modern Peshove treiy BLOS stored 09 & finch memory Chip called as Plath BIOS Hay out also used 19 modems a+ youl: PRom: % Lt Stands for Ppregramabl. Read only memory - » Te ts first pre pau a blank Memory, thn it bo programmed bo Sore the foformation - % To pregrem PRom,a PRom pregroiner, oF Prom lousner open He da programaud: i data Stosecl an hot bt modified, so it uo called a1 one-time Pregramabu. levies Appicatioy WV pRom bave Sevoal applications including cul Puen, Vedio game congo * REID tags st Meclicat devin ¥ other tledvonic devises.. sc Craik ay 4) Braypxs tou Following sequintial logic &" Strown tn Fiquu loctodo-. Obtain Ht Outpur equal on ransigtion tabuand S| Alto diwd Stan diag rom: Ciom) es ee) be or Figu we can vomit. equatiom o4 Zz KB — a) T= 24+ kre ot = S tea, - & From Charecbexterte y Bee ee a Transitton tabue oie, oe epee oe ae table. “a Present Stan Nout etait ° eos o A o oO © : \ ° oO \ st TL crust “congicts of Move than one £tip-£lo, Whe hove to write B-map Of} FF. to srite transistion +0bu . i box la thin Probum wet have ou px ‘P €Lop. We Wave nok corvitten ‘- Mop“. V prud Start 7 assigning Symbol to binary, wel oF / juanition Falou ioe con vosite ‘eran tobe « / A es bt. Now Stat tabu: — Pocsent stat | text grote KR=D =! at ot alo) rn a be) gy Re & Ss oe a ee z efron? | lo ® Cj) \jo ‘N Static i tabu +S] construct thr exataon tobi, trans ps ee | — cea tabu and Stab Atagr ano to Fhe | Sequintial crud t cs Skordn in below Figuos . | TT pb rp Pm | aT ka Te | | begs! er : | cp Sop? stepdt Determine the fUp-tlop teput equation and the out! | we quclon From the Sequential tireuit, | Fe A@e _ A@B ='saBine | Ja=B; bA=XB;Jp =X p= x®a Ss Spot Derive the bansitfon equations Wt Know that for Tk FF 6! =TR +O oF ¢ hom chaveduste Cquation) Now at -of = ae ‘A =Ja®y +¥Ka Oy ot Ste 5 ROR BBat (4B oy -o6b zo oe d=66 2 Tg8g +e bg = Xég+ KOR Op = XB + Ky Sttp3 = Plot Ke map q B oO oO ot) 08 dololiyy *) ° jCeslre st f] 1 5 eos = A> BAY (x4B)A Boxe ) SUPE. Plot. transiction tabu. Present, stot] Next | stab Output eae aT og lat etl ela@ay oo an) o o Oi 1 eribs Sat 10 meen Teor ' fies Sop 0) Steps1sto& tabu: by assingng a=00,b=0), C10 & d =i. Pet FE Pa SE Pc agen rB" ator | piel a b a ° b a c 1 c a c 1 0 a aldsol2: “Meaty Modut Khia tu ditferena Genes Meaty avd Meer ps a funitior A> Ttls Output ss o fetnetiof 4 OF present State ony P J2- Inpur changes dew nor after tu outpub S-mMoore mods requires Mort nunou of S$ (or impiinunto 9 © = OF p> 2 outp _ Ls oukp: Hs ONE as well aD yank Inputs LTnpur ceonger abtedt ee cok ee FE 6A) Duign a Synchronoes? CEP? 0k “Huowieg = See oa ut duimot sor Jigecinned LO aleve the Lar Eaviration tabu for & Bn as & © o os _ Lox t 0° -_ x oO covnte* sequin: oF: 7. wing nussou 44 vo q jo ui aodat chrusit etitation Tals Drumt stab | Neat grate F Inpo > P Tabs | % 4% (Se | Se 6A | 82 | S| TAPal © 8| ce elo jo |o 1 Vit ‘x bee 1¥lr ¥I41 No ° \ \ \ o \jox% 2) 6 1 | 0 o o |o o ¥ * \|x © sl ol «lt } ofoli|® * \ * o| 0 ° L \ KN eee a s| a} oft ololo| x o| ° *|* | s} a th ol 6 lo Jol x rij Vlox ata] aj VLojo}] x of} x 1{ed Ss K-mop impumentation. | Foy TA For Xa For Te : et Re jee head can 2 |< | o\ AL o\T Ak \ J Ee cae NEL Ta SB Te=8e i Ses && LL fv For 6B Ste oe ori oy ue o_— d | Tes oe Ke | te: | | ‘am