CHAPTER 9

APPLICATION SECURITY

CERTIFIED CYBERSECURITY TECHNICIAN

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 1
 INDEX
Chapter 9:
Application Security

05
Exercise 1:
Implement Application Whitelisting using AppLocker

49
Exercise 2:
Blacklist Application using ManageEngine Desktop Central

75
Exercise 3:
Perform Application Sandboxing using Sandboxie

83
Exercise 4:
Detect Web Application Vulnerabilities using OWASP ZAP

92
Exercise 5:
Detect Injection Vulnerability using Burp Suite

119
Exercise 6:
Determine Application-Level Attacks

144
Exercise 7:
Perform Web Server Footprinting using Various Footprinting Tools

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SCENARIO
The evolution of the Internet and web technologies, combined with rapidly increasing Internet connectivity, has led to the emergence of a
new business landscape. Web applications are an integral component of online businesses. Everyone connected via the Internet is using
various web applications for different purposes, including online shopping, email, chats, and social networking. Web applications are becoming
increasingly vulnerable to sophisticated threats and attack vectors. An outdated or insecure application can pose a serious security threat and,
in turn, affect network security.
Hence, a security professional must manage the security of the deployed applications and constantly monitor, patch, and upgrade the installed
applications.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this lab is to provide expert knowledge in implementing application security. This includes knowledge of the following tasks:

• Implementing application whitelisting using AppLocker

• Performing application blacklisting using ManageEngine Desktop Central
• Performing application sandboxing using Sandboxie
• Detecting web application vulnerabilities using OWASP ZAP
• Testing injection vulnerability using Burp Suite
• Determining application-level attacks using various techniques
• Gathering information on a web server using various footprinting tools

OVERVIEW INTERRUPTED SESSIONS

Secure application means that the application ensures confidentiality, integrity, and availability of its restricted resources throughout the
application lifecycle. The securing process involves some tools and procedures to protect the application from cyber-attacks. Cybercriminals
are motivated to target vulnerabilities present in an application and exploit them to steal confidential data, tampering code, and compromise
the whole application.
The process of securing an application involves deploying, inserting, and testing every component of an application. This procedure finds out
all the vulnerabilities present in restricted resources such as object, data, feature, or function of an application designed to be accessed by only
authorized users.

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 LAB TASKS
A cyber security professional or security professional uses numerous tools and techniques to implement network security policies. The
recommended labs that will assist you in learning the implementation of network security controls include:

01 Implement Application Whitelisting using AppLocker 02 Blacklist Application using Manage

Engine Desktop Central

03 Perform Application Sandboxing using Sandboxie

04 Detect Web Application Vulnerabilities using
OWASP ZAP

05 Detect Injection Vulnerability using Burp Suite 06 Determine Application-Level Attacks

07 Perform Web Server Footprinting using Various

Footprinting Tools

Note: Turn on PfSense Firewall virtual machine and keep it running throughout the lab exercises.

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EXERCISE 1: IMPLEMENT APPLICATION WHITELISTING USING APPLOCKER
Implement Defense-in Depth using the AppLocker tool.

LAB SCENARIO
By implementing AppLocker, security professionals can control software access to executable files, scripts, Windows Installer files, dynamic-
link libraries (DLLs), packaged apps, and packaged app installers. AppLocker enables security professionals to maintain application inventory,
prevent unwanted software infection, and standardize software within an organization’s network.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this lab is to deploy application whitelisting on the domain network using group policy.

OVERVIEW OF APPLOCKER
AppLocker is an in-built Windows security program that can be used to control which applications the users can run. When AppLocker rules are
enforced, apps that are excluded from the list of allowed apps are blocked from running. The apps include executable files, windows installer
files, and DLLs. The default executable rules are based on paths and all files under those paths are included in the list of allowed apps. Group
policy application rules can be implemented in a domain using AppLocker.

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 Note: Ensure that PfSense Firewall virtual machine is running.
1. Turn on AD Domain Controller and Web Server virtual machines.
2. In the AD Domain Controller virtual machine, log in with the credentials CCT\Administrator and admin@123.
Note: If the network screen appears, click Yes.
3. Launch Internet Explorer from the taskbar.
Note: If a Set up Internet Explorer window appears, click on Ask me later.
4. The Internet Explorer page will open. Close the Internet Explorer.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 Note: As per policy, employees of several organizations are barred from using Internet Explorer. In this case, a security professional must know
how to block Internet Explorer using AppLocker.

5. The Internet Explorer can be blocked using AppLocker.

6. Click on Windows Start icon, select Server Manager.

EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 7. The Server manager window will open, navigate to the Tools menu, and select Group Policy Management.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 8. The Group policy Management window will open. Expand Forest: [Link], Domains, and [Link], navigate and select Group Policy
Objects. Right-click on the Group Policy Objects (GPO) and select New.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 9. The New GPO prompt opens, type Whitelist Using AppLocker, and click on OK.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 10. A new GPO named Whitelist Using AppLocker will be created in the Group Policy Objects folder.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 11

 11. Right-click on the Whitelist Using AppLocker and select the Edit option.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 12

 12. The Group Policy Management Editor window opens, expand and follow the path: Computer configuration → Policies → Windows Settings →
Security Settings, select System Services.

13. From the list of services visible on the right-side pane, double-click on Application Identity under Service Name in the right pane.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 14. The Application Identity Properties window opens, check Define this policy setting, select Automatic, and click on Apply and OK.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 15. Next, scroll down under the left sidebar and navigate to Computer configuration → Policies → Windows Settings → Security Settings →
Application Control Policies. Expand Application Control Policies, select and click on AppLocker.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 16. The AppLocker configuration option will appear in the right pane, click on the Configure rule enforcement link under the Configure Rule
enforcement tab.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 17. The AppLocker Properties window appears, here, the security professional can choose various enforcement rules to configure AppLocker.
We choose the first option, that is, Executable rules: Configured.

18. Check the Configured box and select Enforce rules from the dropdown list under the Executable rules section. Click Apply and then click
OK. (Use the tab button in case you are having any difficulty in clicking Apply and OK button)
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 19. Expand AppLocker and right-click on the Executable Rules tab. Select Automatically Generate Rules….
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 18

 20. The Automatically Generate Executable Rules wizard appears, retain the default options and click on Next.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 19

 21. Retaining the default publisher rules, click on Next.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 22. Once the rules are generated, you will be able to review publisher rules. Click on Create.
Note: The number of Rules and Files might differ in your lab environment.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 21

 23. The default rule creation alert message box appears, click on Yes; this will automatically generate the executable rules.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 22

 24. In the above list, the automatically generated rule for Internet Explorer is whitelisted. However, our intent is to deny user’s access to
Internet Explorer. The below steps demonstrate how to deny access to Internet Explorer using AppLocker.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 23

 25. Right-click on the last rule from the list named Program Files: INTERNET EXPLORER and click on Properties.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 24

 26. The Allow Properties window opens, check the Deny radio button, and click on Apply and OK.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 25

 27. You will be able to see the Action of the last rule ID: Deny.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 26

 28. Close the Group Policy Management Editor to return to the Group Policy Management window.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 27

 29. Right-click on [Link] under Domains and select the Link an Existing GPO… option.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 28

 30. The Select GPO window opens, select Whitelist Using AppLocker under Group Policy Objects and click on OK.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 31. Navigate to Group Policy Objects, click on Whitelist Using AppLocker and then click on the Status tab.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 32. Click on Detect Now in the bottom right corner.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 31

 33. Close the Group Policy Management window. After a few seconds, the group policy will update.

34. Open the command prompt, type gpupdate /force and press Enter to update the policy.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 32

 35. Wait for a few seconds to update the group policy. Close the Command Prompt window.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 33

 36. Next, try to open Internet Explorer.

37. You will receive the message that “This app has been blocked by your system administrator.” Click on Close.

Note: If you do not receive the above message, then restart the AD Domain Controller machine and repeat Step#36.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 38. Switch to the Web Server virtual machine.

39. Log in with the credentials Administrator and admin@123.

40. Open a Control Panel window and navigate to Network and Internet → Network and Sharing Center → Change adapter settings. In the
Network Connections window, right-click the ethernet adapter (here, Ethernet 2) and select Properties from the drop-down options.
Double-click Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) and change the Default gateway address to [Link]. Click OK twice. Close the window.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 41. Open File Explorer and right-click on This PC, select Properties.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 36

 42. The System window opens, click Change Settings.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 37

 43. The System Properties Window opens, click Change….

44. The Computer Name/Domain Changes sub-window opens, select the Domain radio button, and type [Link] under the empty text box.
Click OK.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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 45. The Window Security credential window opens, type username as cct\administrator and type password as admin@123 and click OK
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 39

 46. Wait for few seconds, the welcome to [Link] popup appears, click OK.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 40

 47. The restarting confirmation popup appears, Click OK.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 41

 48. You will get back to the System Properties window. Click Close.

49. The Microsoft windows message box opens, click Restart Now button to restart the system.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 42

 50. The system will restart. Choose Other user username as martin@[Link] and type password as user@123 and press Enter.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 43

 51. Navigate to C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer and try to execute [Link].
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 44

 52. As soon as you double-click on [Link] file, you will receive an error message stating that the administrator has blocked the program.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 45

 53. Click Close. Close the open window.
54. By implementing the aforementioned steps, security professionals can implement policies as per organizational requirements. You can
apply whitelisting here. In this lab, we have demonstrated only one policy, which can be applied by every user to deny access to necessary
resources
Note: Since administrative rights are required to proceed to the next exercise, we will unlink the created Whitelist Using AppLocker policy.
55. Switch to the AD Domain Controller virtual machine.
56. Log in with the credentials CCT\Administrator and admin@123.
57. Click on Windows Start icon, select Server Manager.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 46

 58. The Server manager window will open, navigate to the Tools menu, and select Group Policy Management.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 47

 59. The Group Policy Management console opens, expand the [Link] domain, right-click on Whitelist Using AppLocker policy, and click on
the Link Enabled option to disable the link.

60. This concludes the demonstration of showing how to implement application whitelisting using AppLocker.

61. Close all open windows.

62. Turn off AD Domain Controller and Web Server virtual machines.
EXERCISE 1:

WHITELISTING USING
APPLICATION

APPLOCKER
IMPLEMENT

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EXERCISE 2: BLACKLIST APPLICATION USING MANAGEENGINE DESKTOP
CENTRAL
Application blacklisting is a security practice of blocking the running and execution of a list of undesirable programs.

LAB SCENARIO
Most antivirus programs, spam filters and other intrusion prevention or detection systems use the application blacklisting method. A blacklist
often comprises malware, users, IP addresses, applications, email addresses, domains, etc. Knowledge of the threats associated with programs
or applications is required to prepare an application blacklist
Security professionals must have proper knowledge regarding blocking executable files in the network or local system in order to maintain
system security.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this lab is to deploy application blacklisting using ManageEngine Desktop Central.

OVERVIEW OF APPLICATION BLACKLIST

Application blacklisting is threat centric. By default, it allows all applications that are not in the blacklist to be executed. To block any program
or application, the security professional must add it in the application blacklist. There are many tools used in blacklisting applications, in this
task, we will use ManageEngine Desktop Central to demonstrate application blacklisting.
ManageEngine Desktop Central prevents blacklisted applications based on the organization’s policies. It helps in restricting the usage of
blacklisted applications as well as portable executables, which can be accessed without installation. The Block Executable and Prohibit Software
features of ManageEngine Desktop Central can be used for Application Blacklisting.

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 Note: Ensure that PfSense Firewall virtual machine is running.

1. Turn on the Admin Machine-1 virtual machine.

2. Log in with the credentials Admin and admin@123.

Note: If the network screen appears, click Yes.

3. Navigate to Z:\CCT-Tools\CCT Module 09 Application Security\ManageEngine Desktop Central.

4. Double-click ManageEngine_DesktopCentral_64bit.exe to start the installation.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 5. A User Account Control window appears, click Yes to continue.
6. ManageEngine Desktop Central Setup window appears, click Next to proceed with the installation process.
7. Follow the wizard driven installation to install the tool with default settings.
8. If an Antivirus Scanner pop-up appears, click OK.
9. In the Port Selection Panel wizard, leave the port number set to default (8020) and click Next.
10. Similarly, in the next wizard, click Next.
11. Extraction files pop-up appears and the tool starts to extract, wait for it to finish.

Note: The extraction and unpacking process takes approximately 5 minutes to complete.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 12. After the extraction and unpacking process, Register & Avail wizard appears. Click Skip.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 52

 13. InstallShied Wizard Complete wizard appears, ensure that Yes, Start Desktop Central is checked and click Finish.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 53

 14. Microsoft Edge and Internet Explorer windows appear. Maximize Internet Explorer browser.
15. In the Internet Explorer 11 wizard, select Don’t use recommended settings checkbox and click OK.
16. Close the tab with [Link] website loading on it.
17. In the first tab, UEMS Central Server website is open. Click Refresh icon ( ), present in the top-section of the window next to the URL field.
18. A notification appears in the lower section of the window, click Allow blocked content button.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 19. The main page of ManageEngine Desktop Central appears along with a login form. You can observe that, by default, credentials are
entered. Click Sign in to proceed.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 20. ManageEngine Desktop Central dashboard appears, click Inventory option from the top-section of the page.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 21. Steps involved in Asset Management diagram appears, click X to close it.

22. Navigate to the Computers option from the left-pane. In the right-pane, click Add Computer(s) in LAN link.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 23. Add Computer(s) wizard appears, close it.

24. Observe that a blank table appears, click Download Agent button from the right-pane.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 58

 25. A pop-up appears, ensure that Windows is selected under Platform section and click Download Agent.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 26. Do you want to save LocalOffice_Agent.exe from localhost? pop-up appears in the lower-section of the page, click Save.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 27. After the completion of download, click Run to install the tool.
Note: If User Account Control window appears, click Yes.

28. Follow the wizard driver installation to install the tool with default settings.
29. After the installation completes, click Close and refresh the page.
30. Add Computer(s) wizard appears, close it.
Note: If Register for free demo wizard appears, click Skip.

31. You can observe that a local computer appears in the table, as shown in the screenshot below.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 32. Now, click Inventory option again from the top-section of the page.

33. Inventory page appears, click Block Executable option from the left-pane.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 34. Block Executables page appears, click + Add Policy button from the right-pane.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 63

 35. Add Policy page appears. In the Custom Group field, type All and All Computers Group option appears, select it.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 36. Click + Add Executable button. Executable Details pop-up appears, in the Application Name field, type Google Chrome.
Note: Here, we are blocking Google Chrome application. However, you can block an application of your choice.
37. Leave Block Rule option set to default (Path). In the Executable Name field, type [Link] and click Add button.

Note:
There are two methods to block an executable/application:
• A path rule can be used to block all versions of specific applications based on the name of the executable and its file extension.
• A hash value can be used to block executables even if they are renamed.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 38. Observe that a policy has been created, click Add to add this policy.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 66

 39. A notification appears confirming that the policy has been created successfully, as shown in the screenshot below.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 67

 40. To block the executables, we need to Restart the system.

41. To restart the machine, click Windows Start icon, then Power icon. From the options, select Restart.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 42. After the system reboots, log in with the credentials Admin and admin@123.

43. Microsoft Edge and Internet Explorer browser window appears. Close Microsoft Edge browser.

44. Click Show Hidden Icons (^) icon from the lower-right corner of the Desktop.

45. Right-click ManageEngine Desktop Central icon and click Start Service option.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 46. If User Account Control window appears, click Yes.
47. Navigate to Internet Explorer browser window where [Link] is opened. Click Refresh icon ( ), present in the top-section of
the window next to the URL field.
Note: If you are receiving Can’t reach this page error, then navigate to Internet Explorer browser window where UEMS Central Server website
is open. Click Refresh icon ( ), present in the top-section of the window next to the URL field.
Note: If a notification appears in the lower-section of the window, click Allow blocked content button.
48. The main page of ManageEngine Desktop Central appears along with a login form. You can observe that, by default, credentials are
entered. Click Sign in to proceed.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 49. Block Executable page appears, along with the created policy.

Note: If Block Executable page does not appear automatically, navigate to Inventory and from the left pane select Block Executable.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 71

 50. Now, click Show Hidden Icons (^) icon from the lower-right corner of the Desktop. Right-click ManageEngine Desktop Central -
10.1.2127.8.W icon and click Apply Configurations option.

51. Minimize the browser window and double-click Google Chrome icon on the Desktop to launch it.

52. You can observe that the application does not open up, indicating that it has been blocked.

53. Switch back to the browser window. In the Block Executables page, click on All Computers Group link in the policy.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 54. All Computers Group policy details appears, as shown in the screenshot below.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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 55. Click on Execution Status option from the lower-section of the page.
56. It displays a list of machines (here, Admin Machine-1) that tried to access blocked application, as shown in the screenshot below.
57. This concludes the demonstration showing how to block application using ManageEngine Desktop Central.
58. You can further explore other options and features offered by the tool.
59. Close all open windows.
60. After the completion of this task, delete the executable policy to unblock the blocked applications on the system.
EXERCISE 2:

DESKTOP CENTRAL
APPLICATION USING
BLACKLIST

MANAGEENGINE

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EXERCISE 3: PERFORM APPLICATION SANDBOXING USING SANDBOXIE
Application sandboxing is the process of running applications in a sealed container (sandbox) so that the applications cannot access critical
system resources and other programs.

LAB SCENARIO
In this lab, we will execute an application within a sandbox this will restrict the application’s access to the system resources and data outside
the sandbox. A security professional must have proper knowledge regarding application sandboxing in order to prevent cyber attacks on the
system applications.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this lab is to perform application sandboxing using tools such as Sandboxie.

OVERVIEW OF APPLICATION SANDBOXING

Application sandboxing provides an extra layer of security and protects apps and the system from malicious apps. It is often used to execute
untrusted or untested programs or code from untrusted or unverified third parties without risking the host system or OS. The protection
provided by the sandbox is not sufficiently robust against advanced malware that target the OS kernel.
Installing a sandboxed app in a system creates a specific directory (sandboxed directory). By default, the app has unlimited read and write
access to the directory. However, apps within the directory are not allowed to read or write the files outside the directory or access other system
resources, unless authorized.

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 Note: Ensure that Admin Machine-1 and PfSense Firewall virtual machine are running.

1. In the Admin Machine-1 virtual machine, navigate to Z:\CCT-Tools\CCT Module 09 Application Security\Sandboxie. Double-click Sandboxie-
[Link] to start the installation.
EXERCISE 3:
APPLICATION
SANDBOXING USING
PERFORM

SANDBOXIE

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 2. A User Account Control pop-up appears, click Yes.

3. Select Setup Language wizard appears, leave default language selected as English, click OK.

4. Follow the wizard driven installation and install the tool with the default settings.

5. After the installation completes, click Finish.

EXERCISE 3:
APPLICATION
SANDBOXING USING
PERFORM

SANDBOXIE

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 6. Now, close the File Explorer window and double-click Sandboxie-Plus shortcut present on the Desktop.

7. Sandboxie window appears, maximise it.

EXERCISE 3:
APPLICATION
SANDBOXING USING
PERFORM

SANDBOXIE

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 8. You can observe that a DefaultBox is present by default with the Status as Empty. Right-click on it and navigate to Run → Run from Start
Menu.
EXERCISE 3:
APPLICATION
SANDBOXING USING
PERFORM

SANDBOXIE

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 9. A pop-up appears with a list of options categorized with respect to the location of applications.

10. Navigate to Programs → Google [Link].

Note: Here, we have selected Google Chrome application. While performing the lab, you can select any application of your choice.
EXERCISE 3:
APPLICATION
SANDBOXING USING
PERFORM

SANDBOXIE

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 11. You can observe that Google Chrome application is launched under DefaultBox link, as shown in the screenshot below.
EXERCISE 3:
APPLICATION
SANDBOXING USING
PERFORM

SANDBOXIE

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 12. Maximize the Google Chrome window, you can browse the internet securely as the Sandboxie tool keeps the browser isolated and blocks
malicious software, viruses, ransomware, and zero-day threats. It also prevents websites from modifying files and folders on the system.

13. Similarly, you can execute other applications securely using Sandboxie.

14. You can further explore the various other features and options within the tool.

15. This concludes the demonstration showing how to perform application sandboxing using Sandboxie.
EXERCISE 3:
APPLICATION
SANDBOXING USING
PERFORM

SANDBOXIE

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EXERCISE 4: DETECT WEB APPLICATION VULNERABILITIES USING OWASP
ZAP
Web applications are software programs that run on web browsers and act as the interface between users and web servers through web pages.

LAB SCENARIO
Organizations are increasingly using web applications to provide high-value business functions to their customers such as real-time sales,
transactions, inventory management across multiple vendors including both B-B and B-C e-commerce, workflow and supply chain management,
etc. Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in the applications to launch various attacks and gain unauthorized access to resources.
Hence, security professionals must have proper knowledge to detect vulnerabilities in target web applications hosted on web servers. They must
scan applications for identifying vulnerabilities and detect attack surfaces on the target applications. Performing comprehensive vulnerability
scanning can disclose security flaws associated with executables, binaries, and technologies used in a web application. Through vulnerability
scanning, security professionals can also catalogue different vulnerabilities, prioritize them based on their threat levels, and mitigate them, so
that, they are not exploited by the attackers.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this lab is to detect web application vulnerabilities using tools such as OWASP ZAP.

OVERVIEW OF WEB APPLICATION

Web applications are developed as dynamic web pages, and they allow users to communicate with servers using server-side scripts. They
allow users to perform specific tasks such as searching, sending emails, connecting with friends, online shopping, and tracking and tracing.
Furthermore, there are several desktop applications that provide users with the flexibility to work using the Internet.
Increasing Internet usage and expanding online businesses have accelerated the development and ubiquity of web applications across the
globe. A key factor in the adoption of web applications for business purposes is the multitude of features that they offer. Moreover, they are
secure and relatively easy to develop. In addition, they offer better services than many computer-based software applications and are easy to
install, maintain, and update.

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 Note: We will scan [Link], a website that is hosted on the Web Server machine. Here, the host machine is the Admin
Machine-1 machine.
Note: Ensure that Admin Machine-1 and PfSense Firewall virtual machines are running.

1. In the Admin Machine-1 virtual machine, double-click the OWASP ZAP shortcut on Desktop to launch the application.

Note: Wait for a while for OWASP ZAP to get launched.

Note: If an OWASP ZAP pop-up window appears, click OK.
EXERCISE 4:

VULNERABILITIES
USING OWASP ZAP
DETECT WEB
APPLICATION

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 2. OWASP initializes, after the initialization completes a prompt that reads Do you want to persist the ZAP Session? appears; select the No, I do
not want to persist this session at this moment in time radio button and click Start.

Note: If a Manage Add-ons window appears, close it.

EXERCISE 4:

VULNERABILITIES
USING OWASP ZAP
DETECT WEB
APPLICATION

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 3. The OWASP ZAP main window appears; under the Quick Start tab, click the Automated Scan option.
EXERCISE 4:

VULNERABILITIES
USING OWASP ZAP
DETECT WEB
APPLICATION

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 86

 4. The Automated Scan wizard appears, enter the target website in the URL to attack field (in this case, [Link] Leave
other options set to default, and then click the Attack button.
EXERCISE 4:

VULNERABILITIES
USING OWASP ZAP
DETECT WEB
APPLICATION

Copyrights @ 2022 EC-Council International Ltd. Certified Cybersecurity Technician 87

 5. OWASP ZAP starts performing Active Scan on the target website, as shown in the screenshot below.
EXERCISE 4:

VULNERABILITIES
USING OWASP ZAP
DETECT WEB
APPLICATION

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 6. After the scan completes, Alerts tab appears, as shown in the screenshot below.

7. You can observe the vulnerabilities found on the website under the Alerts tab.
EXERCISE 4:

VULNERABILITIES
USING OWASP ZAP
DETECT WEB
APPLICATION

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 8. Now, expand any vulnerability (here, SQL Injection vulnerability) node under the Alerts tab.
EXERCISE 4:

VULNERABILITIES
USING OWASP ZAP
DETECT WEB
APPLICATION

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 9. Click on the discovered SQL Injection vulnerability and further click on the vulnerable URL.
10. You can observe information such as Risk, Confidence, Parameter, Attack, etc., regarding the discovered SQL injection vulnerability in the
lower right-area, as shown in the screenshot below.
Note: The risks associated with the vulnerability are categorized according to severity of risk as Low, Medium, High, and Informational alerts.

Each level of risk is represented by a different flag color:

• Red Flag: High risk • Orange Flag: Medium risk • Yellow Flag: Low risk • Blue Flag: Provides details about information disclosure vulnerabilities

11. Similarly, you can see other vulnerabilities discovered by the tool by clicking on them.
12. This concludes the demonstration showing how to detect web application vulnerabilities using OWASP ZAP.
13. Close all open windows and document all the acquired information.
14. Turn off the Admin Machine-1 virtual machine.
EXERCISE 4:

VULNERABILITIES
USING OWASP ZAP
DETECT WEB
APPLICATION

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EXERCISE 5: DETECT INJECTION VULNERABILITY USING BURP SUITE
Injection flaws are web application vulnerabilities that allow untrusted data to be interpreted and executed as part of a command or query.

LAB SCENARIO
A security professional must have the required knowledge to test various web application vulnerabilities such as injection vulnerability.

OBJECTIVE
This lab will demonstrate how to test injection vulnerability using Burp Suite.

OVERVIEW OF WEB APPLICATION

Attackers exploit injection flaws by constructing malicious commands or queries that result in data loss or corruption, lack of accountability,
or denial of access. Such flaws are prevalent in legacy code and often found in SQL, LDAP, and XPath queries. They can be easily discovered by
application vulnerability scanners and fuzzers.
Attackers inject malicious code, commands, or scripts in the input gates of flawed web applications such that the applications interpret and run
the newly supplied malicious input, which in turn allows them to extract sensitive information. By exploiting injection flaws in web applications,
attackers can easily read, write, delete, and update any data (i.e., relevant or irrelevant to that particular application).

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 Note: Ensure that PfSense Firewall virtual machine is running.
Note: In this task, the target website ([Link]) is hosted by the victim machine, Web Server. Here, the host machine is the
Attacker Machine-2 machine.
1. Turn on the Web Server and Attacker Machine-2 virtual machines.
2. In the Attacker Machine-2 login page, the attacker username will be selected by default. Enter password as toor in the Password field and
press Enter to log in to the machine.
3. Click the Firefox icon from the top section of Desktop to launch the Mozilla Firefox browser.
4. The Mozilla Firefox window appears; type [Link] into the address bar and press Enter.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 5. Now, set up a Burp Suite proxy by first configuring the proxy settings of the browser.

6. In the Mozilla Firefox browser, click the Open menu icon in the right corner of the menu bar and select Preferences from the list.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 7. The General settings tab appears. In the Find in Preferences search bar, type proxy, and press Enter.

8. The Search Results appear. Click the Settings button under the Network Settings option.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 9. A Connection Settings window appears; select the Manual proxy configuration radio button and ensure that the HTTP Proxy is set to
[Link] and Port as 8080. Ensure that the Use this proxy server for all protocols checkbox is selected and click OK. Close the Preferences tab.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 10. Now, minimize the browser window, click the Applications menu form the top left corner of Desktop, and navigate to Pentesting → Web
Application Analysis → Web Application Proxies → burpsuite to launch the Burp Suite application.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 11. A security pop-up appears, enter the password as toor in the Password field and click OK.

12. In the subsequent Burp Suite Community Edition notification, click OK.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 13. Burp Suite initializes. If a Burp Suite Community Edition notification saying An update is available appears, click Close.

Note: If a Terms and Conditions window appears click on I Accept.

14. The Burp Suite main window appears; ensure that the Temporary project radio button is selected and click the Next button, as shown in
the screenshot below.

Note: If an update window appears, click Close.

EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 15. In the next window, select the Use Burp defaults radio-button and click the Start Burp button.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 16. The Burp Suite main window appears; click the Proxy tab from the available options in the top section of the window.

Note: In the right-pane of the tool window, you can observe the vulnerabilities in the target website that have been detected by the tool
under Issue activity. You can click on each vulnerability to explore them one-by-one.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 17. In the Proxy settings, by default, the Intercept tab opens-up. Observe that by default, the interception is active as the button says Intercept
is on. Leave it running.

Note: Turn the interception on if it is off.

EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 18. Switch back to the browser window, and on the login page of the target website ([Link]), enter the credentials sam and
test. Click the Log In button.

Note: Here, we are logging in as a registered user on the website.

EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 19. Switch back to the Burp Suite window and you can observe that a POST request of moviescope website and login credentials is captured.

Note: If you do not see the request as shown in the screenshot below, then click Forward button until to capture it.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 20. Now, keep clicking the Forward button until you are logged into the user account.

21. Switch to the browser and observe that you are now logged into the user account, as shown in the screenshot below.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 22. Now, click the Contacts tab from the menu bar to view the user information.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 23. After clicking the Contacts tab, switch back to the Burp Suite window and keep clicking the Forward button until you get the HTTP
request.

24. Switch to the browser, and observe that the Contacts tab appears, as shown in the screenshot below.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 25. Now, scroll-down and in the Comment field, type any random text (here, This is a lab task to test injection vulnerability); then, click Submit
Comment button.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 26. Switch back to the Burp Suite window and you can observe that a POST request has been captured and the comment is displayed in a
plain text, as shown in the screenshot below.

Note: If you do not see the request as shown in the screenshot below, then click Forward button until to capture it.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 27. Click the Intercept is On button to switch it off.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 28. In the Burp Suite window, navigate to the HTTP history tab and locate POST request with /[Link] in the URL column, as shown in
the screenshot below.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 29. Right-click on the POST request and select Send to Repeater.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 30. Now, navigate to the Repeater tab and navigate to Params tab under Request section.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 31. In the txtcomment box, replace the typed text with the following script and press Enter,
Test<script>alert(“You have been hacked”)</script>
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 32. Right-click txtcomment row and navigate to Request in browser > In original session.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 33. Repeat request in browser dialog-box appears, click Copy button.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 34. Switch to the browser window, open a new tab; paste the copied link and press Enter.

35. An alert displaying “You have been hacked” appears; click OK to close the pop-up.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

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 36. This alert appears when the user visits the Contacts tab of the website. This is a Cross Site Scripting (XSS) attack where the website allows
the messages to be posted as comments to execute an embedded script.

37. In the browser, click the Open menu icon in the right corner of the menu bar and select Preferences from the list. The General settings tab
appears. In the Find in Preferences search bar, type proxy, and press Enter.

38. The Search Results appear. Click the Settings button under the Network Settings option. A Connection Settings window appears; select
No proxy radio-button and click OK.
EXERCISE 5:
DETECT INJECTION
VULNERABILITY
USING BURP SUITE

39. This concludes the demonstration showing how to test injection vulnerability using Burp Suite
40. Close all open windows.
41. Turn off Web Server and Attacker Machine-2 virtual machines.

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EXERCISE 6: DETERMINE APPLICATION-LEVEL ATTACKS
Application-level attacks are used to compromise the security of web applications to commit fraud or steal sensitive information.

LAB SCENARIO
A security professional must have the required knowledge to determine application-level attacks against a Windows server machine. In this
task, we will simulate an attack that utilizes CPU memory which makes the machine slow and non-responsive. Here, first, we will load CPU by
using HeavyLoad tool and monitor the degradation in system performance by using Performance Monitor and Process Hacker tools.

OBJECTIVE
This lab will demonstrate how to identify application-level attack against a Windows server.

OVERVIEW OF WEB APPLICATION

Organizations are increasingly using web applications to provide high-value business functions to their customers such as real-time sales,
transactions, inventory management across multiple vendors including both B-B and B-C e-commerce, workflow and supply chain management,
etc.
Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in the applications to launch various attacks and gain unauthorized access to resources. It is commonly assumed
that perimeter security controls such as firewall and IDS systems can secure an application; however, this is not true as these controls are not
effective at defending against application layer attacks. This is because port 80 and 443 are generally open on perimeter devices for legitimate
web traffic, which attackers can use to exploit application-level vulnerabilities and get into the network.

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 Note: Ensure that PfSense Firewall virtual machine is running.
1. Turn on the AD Domain Controller machine.
2. Log in with the credentials CCT\Administrator and admin@123.

Note: The network screen appears, click Yes.

3. Click Start icon and select Server Manager.
4. The Server Manager window appears. Click Tools and select Performance Monitor option.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 5. Performance Monitor window appears. From the left-pane, expand Data Collector Sets, right-click User Defined node and navigate to New
> Data Collector Set.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 6. Create new Data Collector Set window appears. In the Name field enter the name as CPU Performance and select Create manually
(Advanced). Click Next.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 7. In the next wizard, select Performance counter checkbox under Create data logs radio button and click Next.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 8. Which performance counters would you like to log? wizard appears, click Add… button.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 9. Available counters wizard appears. Ensure that Local computer is selected in the Select counters from computer field.

10. Under Select counters from computer option, scroll-down and expand Processor node. Processor option appears, select % Processor Time
and click Add>> button under Instance of selected object field.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 11. Similarly, select % User Time and Interrupts/sec option and click Add>> to add the options one-by-one. Click OK.

Note:
• % Processor Time: Indicates an overall activity level of the system.
• % User Time: Indicates time spent by the processor in managing system processes.
• Interrupts/sec: Indicates interrupts that the processor should handle instantly.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 12. In the next wizard, click Next button.
13. Similarly, in the next wizard, click Next and in the Create data collector set? wizard, click Finish.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 14. Minimize the Performance Monitor window.

15. Now, open a File Explorer window and navigate to Z:\CCT Module 09 Application Security\Process Hacker. Double-click processhacker-2.39-
[Link].
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 16. Open File - Security Warning window appears, click Run.

17. Setup - Process Hacker window appears, accept the license agreement and click Next.

18. Click Next in all the windows leaving settings to default.

19. In the final window of the wizard, ensure that Launch Process Hacker 2 checkbox is selected and click Finish.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 20. Process Hacker window appears. You can observe that a list of running processes are displayed along with their CPU utilization, I/O total
rate, etc.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 21. Now, click System information option from the toolbar.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 22. A System information window appears, displaying CPU, Memory, I/O, GPU, Disk, Network utilization, as shown in the screenshot below.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 23. Now, we will create false stress on the system's processor using HeavyLoad tool. To monitor the stress on the CPU, we will use Performance
Monitor and Process Hacker tools.

24. Maximize Performance Monitor window. From the left-pane, expand Data Collector Sets and User Defined node. Right-click CPU
Performance node and click Start. Minimize the window.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 25. Maximize the File Explorer window and navigate to Z:\CCT Module 09 Application Security\HeavyLoad. Double-click HeavyLoad-x64-setup.
exe.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 26. Open File - Security Warning window appears, click Run.
27. In Select Setup Language pop-up, choose English and click OK.
28. Setup - HeavyLoad window appears, accept the license agreement and click Next.
29. Click Next in all the windows leaving setting to default.
30. In the final window of the wizard, ensure that Launch HeavyLoad now checkbox is selected and click Finish.
31. HeavyLoad window appears, as shown in the screenshot below.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 32. Now, reposition the Process Hacker, System information and HeavyLoad windows, so that you can view and observe them simultaneously,
as shown in the screenshot below.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 33. In the HeavyLoad window, click Start selected tests icon to star creating stress on the system.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 34. A Virtual machine detected window appears, click Continue.

35. If 3D Graphics not Supported window appears, close it.

36. You can observe that HeavyLoad starts creating load on the CPU and the CPU utilization reaches to 100% in the System information
window.

37. Similarly, you can observe the CPU Usage (100%) in the bottom-left corner of Process Hacker window.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 38. Now, in the HeavyLoad window, click Stop all running tests icon to stop the load on the system.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 39. You can observe that the CPU utilization is back to normal levels.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 40. Close HeavyLoad, System Information and Process Hacker windows. Maximize Performance Monitor window.

41. In the Performance Monitor window, right-click CPU Performance node from left-pane and click Stop.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 42. Right-click CPU Performance node and click Latest Report.
APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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 43. A graphical report appears, showing the amount of CPU utilization with respect of time, as shown in the screenshot below.
Note: The graphical report might differ when you perform the lab.

44. This concludes the demonstration showing how to check web application-based attack on the system.

45. Close all open windows.

46. Turn off the AD Domain Controller virtual machine.

APPLICATION-LEVEL
EXERCISE 6:
DETERMINE

ATTACKS

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EXERCISE 7: PERFORM WEB SERVER FOOTPRINTING USING VARIOUS
FOOTPRINTING TOOLS
Web server footprinting provides system-level data such as account details, OSs, software versions, server names, and database schema details.

LAB SCENARIO
A security professional must have the required knowledge to perform banner grabbing/footprinting on a target webserver using various
footprinting tools.

OBJECTIVE
This lab will demonstrate how to conduct banner grabbing on a target web server using tools such as cURL, Netcat and Wget.

OVERVIEW OF WEB APPLICATION

The purpose of footprinting is to gather information about the security aspects of a web server with the help of tools or footprinting techniques.
Through footprinting, the web server’s remote access capabilities, its ports and services, and other aspects of its security can be determined.
In addition, other valuable system-level data such as account details, OSs, software versions, server names, and database schema details can
be gathered. The Telnet utility can be used to footprint a web server and gather information such as server name, server type, OSs, and running
applications running. Furthermore, footprinting tools such as Netcraft, ID Serve, and httprecon can be used to perform web server footprinting.
These footprinting tools can extract information from the target server.

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 Note: Ensure that PfSense Firewall virtual machine is running.
1. Turn on Attacker Machine-2 and Web Server virtual machines.
2. Switch to the Attacker Machine-2 virtual machine. In the login page, the attacker username will be selected by default. Enter password as
toor in the Password field and press Enter to log in to the machine.
Note: If a Parrot Updater pop-up appears at the top-right corner of Desktop, ignore and close it.
Note: If a Question pop-up window appears asking you to update the machine, click No to close the window.
3. Click the MATE Terminal icon at the top of the Desktop window to open a Terminal window.

4. A Parrot Terminal window appears. In the terminal window, type sudo su and press Enter to run
programs as the root user.
5. In the [sudo] password for attacker field, type toor as a password and press Enter.
Note: The password that you type will not be visible.
6. Now, type cd and press Enter to jump to the root directory.
SERVER FOOTPRINTING
EXERCISE 7:

FOOTPRINTING TOOLS
PERFORM WEB

USING VARIOUS

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 7. In the Terminal window, type curl -I [Link] and press Enter to obtain information about services on the target website.
Note: -I: To fetch only HTTP-header.

8. From the Server information, you can observe that the server is running Microsoft-IIS/10.0, as shown in the screenshot below.
Note: cURL is command-line tool for transferring data using various network protocols such as HTTP, FTP, IMAP, SFTP, SMTP, etc.
SERVER FOOTPRINTING
EXERCISE 7:

FOOTPRINTING TOOLS
PERFORM WEB

USING VARIOUS

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 9. Type nc –vv [Link] 80 and press Enter to gather information such as server type and version.
Note: -vv: Advanced verbose mode.

10. Connection open prompt appears, type GET / HTTP/1.0 and press Enter twice.
Note: Netcat is a networking utility that reads and writes data across network connections by using the TCP/IP protocol.
SERVER FOOTPRINTING
EXERCISE 7:

FOOTPRINTING TOOLS
PERFORM WEB

USING VARIOUS

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 11. Type wget -q -S [Link] and press Enter to gather HTTP header response.
Note: -q: To turn off wget output, -S: To print HTTP headers.

12. You can observe the HTTP information obtained, as shown in the screenshot below.
Note: GNU Wget is a utility to retrieve content from Web Server.

13. This concludes the demonstration showing how to perform banner grabbing/footprinting on the
target website.
14. Close all open windows.
15. Turn off Attacker Machine-2, Web Server, and PfSense Firewall virtual machines.
SERVER FOOTPRINTING
EXERCISE 7:

FOOTPRINTING TOOLS
PERFORM WEB

USING VARIOUS

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