Scribd
Upload
16 views3 pages

Earth Pressure Analysis Example

The document describes how to calculate the height (h) of a retaining wall to satisfy factors of safety for sliding and overturning. It involves: 1) Calculating active earth pressures (Pa) for multiple soil layers using Ka values and incorporating loads. 2) Determining the location and magnitude of resulting forces on the wall. 3) Calculating the vertical and total forces to satisfy the sliding FOS requirement. 4) Calculating restoring and overturning moments to satisfy the overturning FOS requirement and solve for the wall height (h).

Uploaded by

Uril Paile
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views3 pages

Earth Pressure Analysis Example

The document describes how to calculate the height (h) of a retaining wall to satisfy factors of safety for sliding and overturning. It involves: 1) Calculating active earth pressures (Pa) for multiple soil layers using Ka values and incorporating loads. 2) Determining the location and magnitude of resulting forces on the wall. 3) Calculating the vertical and total forces to satisfy the sliding FOS requirement. 4) Calculating restoring and overturning moments to satisfy the overturning FOS requirement and solve for the wall height (h).

Uploaded by

Uril Paile
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE EARTH PRESSURE

Design Example:

Determine the height of a vertical retaining wall to resist the following:


(i) Must have factor of safety (FOS) = 3.0 in sliding
(ii) Must have FOS = 1.5 in bending
(iii)
A 3m thick layer of gravel Φ = 28o, c = 0, γdry = 18 kN/m3. This is underlain by an
extensive layer of silty sand Φ = 20o, c = 8 kPa, γsat = 21 kN/m3
(iv) A uniform load of 100kPa.
Groundwater level is at 2.5m depth

q = 100 kPa

2.5 m
Φ = 28o, c = 0, γdry = 18 kN/m3
3m
G.W.L.
0.5 m
H? γsat = 20 kN/m3
Φ = 20o, c = 8 kPa, γsat = 21 kN/m3

SOLUTION:

** Ka1 = = 0.36 ** Ka2 = = 0.49

2.5 m SOIL – (1)


2
1

3 0.5 m
7

SOIL – (2)
6 5 4 8 10
9

Note that the shape located at Soil (2) are larger than shapes above i.e. soil (1) because K a2 value is
greater than Ka1 value, (P = Ka).
1. Due to q in soil (1)
6. Due to q in soil (2)
2. Due to dry weight of soil (1)
3. Due to 2 as surcharge
5. Due to 2 as surcharge in soil (2)

4. Due to weight of water

7. Due to dry weight of saturated soil (1)


8. Due to 7 as surcharge in soil (2)
9. Due to dry weight of soil (2)
10. Due to c in soil (2)

For retaining wall to be stable/safe those given FOS should be satisfied as written above (**).

Procedure (for soil)


1. Find Ka values
2. Determine Pa for each layer and the point of action.
3. Find total Pa and center of pressure force
4. Satisfy the given FOS conditions viz

Sliding: FOS = Vertical Component of Pa x Coefficient of Friction


Total Component of Pa

Overturning (OT): FOS = Restoring Moment


Overturning Moment

Find the distance to the centre of gravity where the vertical component of Pa acts.

FOS (O.T) = Pp * 1 + Pav * 2


PaH * Cp

2 Pa active

Pp PaH

Passive 1 Cp

Ka1 = 0.36 Ka2 = 0.49

Refer to pressure diagrams:

Pa1 = Ka1 * q = 0.36 * 100 = 36 kPa acts at (h + 1.5 m) above the base of the wall.

Pa2 = ½ Ka1 * * (H1)2 = ½ * 0.36 * 18 * (2.5)2 = 20.25 acts at (h + ½ + 1/3 (2.5) ) i.e. (h + 1.3m)
above the base of the wall.
Pa3 = ( 1 H1 * Ka1)(1/2) = 1 H1 * Ka1 (1/2)

= 18 x 0.36 x (2.5) (0.5) = 8.1 kN/m acts at (h + 0.25) m above the base of the wall.
Pa4 = ( w. H) ( ½ * H) = ½ w. H2 = ½ * 9.81 ( h + 0.5 )2 = 9.812 / 2 (h2 + h + 0.25) acts at 1/3
(h+0.25) m from the base of the wall.

Note: The h will be found when we try to satisfy the conditions for the FOS (sliding, overturning,
bearing)

Pa5 = ( 1H1) Ka2 * h * 1 = 18 * 2.5 * 0.49 * h = 22.05 kN/m acts at h/2 above the base of the wall.

Pa6 = q.Ka2 * h * 1 = 100 * 0.49 * h = 49h acts at h/2 above the base of the wall.

Pa7 = ( sat – w) * 0.5 * (½ * 1) * Ka1 = (20 – 9.81) * 0.5 * ½ * 0.36 = 0.92 kN/m acts above the base
of the wall.

Pa8 = ( sat – w) * ½ * Ka2 * (h*1) = (20 - 9.81) * ½ * 0.49h = 2.5h acts at h/2 above the base of the
wall.

Pa9 = ( sat – w) h * Ka2 * (h*1*1/2) = (21 - 9.81) * 0.49 * h * 0.5 = 2.74 h2 acts at h/3 above the base
of the wall.

Pa10 = (-2*c* ) * (h*1) = -2 * 8 h acts at h/2 above the base of the wall.

Active pressure will be negative and Passive pressure will be positive.

To find h:

FOS is given:

Sliding: FOS = Vertical Component of Pa x Coefficient of Friction


Total Component of Pa

Overturning (OT): FOS = Restoring Moment


Overturning Moment

You might also like