DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC
ENGINEERING
Project Report
COURSE CODE: EEE 448
COURSE TITLE: Electrical Service Design
Name of the project: "AutoCAD-Driven Design Strategy for Optimal
Electricity Utilization and Energy Savings"
Group A
Submitted By
Name ID Intake
Md. Shahadat Hossain sani 19202108004 29(DAY). 01
Saiful Islam Tuhin 19202108015 29(DAY). 01
Md. Arif Hasan Masum 19202108022 29(DAY). 01
Md. Nure Alam Siddiki 19202108024 29(DAY). 01
Wahidur Islam Easin 19202108033 29(DAY). 01
Date of Submission: 19 July, 2023
Title
"AutoCAD-Driven Design Strategy for Optimal Electricity Utilization and Energy
Savings"
Introduction
The "AutoCAD-Driven Design Strategy for Optimal Electricity Utilization and
Energy Savings" project embarks on an ambitious journey to revolutionize energy-
conscious design in the architecture and construction domain. By leveraging the
sophisticated capabilities of AutoCAD, this project seeks to redefine the way
buildings are designed and constructed, focusing on precise calculations to achieve
unparalleled levels of energy efficiency.
At its core, this innovative approach centers on meticulous calculations that inform
strategic decision-making throughout the design process. From the early
conceptual stages to the final implementation, each aspect of the building's
electrical system is subject to rigorous evaluation, aimed at minimizing energy
consumption and maximizing cost-effectiveness.
By adopting this precision-oriented methodology, the project aims to offer
architects and engineers a systematic framework for incorporating energy-saving
measures without compromising the architectural integrity or functionality of the
building..
The significance of accurate calculations is underscored in the project's
commitment to providing real-world, data-driven evidence of the potential energy
savings achievable through thoughtful design choices. By quantifying the impact
of various energy-efficient strategies, the project seeks to empower stakeholders
with actionable insights, paving the way for informed decisions that positively
impact energy consumption and long-term operational costs.
The project's focus on calculations also extends beyond the building's immediate
operations. This broader perspective ensures that the project's solutions are
economically viable and environmentally responsible over the building's entire
lifespan, reinforcing the commitment to sustainability.
Motivation
Energy efficiency improvements can be clearly seen in homes consumed by
developing countries such as Bangladesh. The improper electrical installation in
buildings today is causing problems for end users. This is risky, can lead to the loss
of life and property, and must be prevented. Due to these issues, there is a need for
the appropriate design of electrical installations for all purposes to be adhered to in
order to help in the eradication. Energy efficiency has proven to be a cost-effective
strategy for residential buildings without necessarily increasing energy
consumption.
The motivation behind this project is to provide a comprehensive understanding of
Electrical Service Design and the potential benefits of using AutoCAD software in
this field. By exploring the theoretical foundations of Electrical Service Design and
the mathematical models that underlie these techniques. Moreover, we demonstrate
the practical applications of AutoCAD software in Electrical Service Design and
minimize electrical losses. Moreover, it highlights the potential benefits of using
AutoCAD software for Electrical Service Design, which can be efficient and also
helps to visualize our design. Overall, this report aims to contribute to the growing
body of knowledge in this field and provide a valuable resource for researchers and
practitioners in the electrical engineering industry.
Objectives
The objective of this project report is to explore the principles and techniques of
Electrical Service Design and demonstrate the practical applications of MATLAB
software as a tool for visualizing the design. Through this project, we aim to
achieve the following objectives:
I. To show the location of different loads in the building and hence calculate
the estimated total load drawn by a building.
II. To carry out calculations for alternative power supply that can be used in
case of a power outage.
III. To conduct a standard transformer sizing for the design.
IV. To conduct a standard Generator sizing for the design.
By achieving these objectives, this project report aims to provide a valuable
resource for students, researchers, and professionals in the field of electrical
engineering and related industries. It also aims to highlight the potential benefits of
using AutoCAD software as a tool for designing.
Literature Review
According to Ejele [1], a hostel designed about forty years ago at the University of
Nigeria Nsukka was redesigned using AutoCAD because the building was old and
needed some renovation work. A Bill of Engineering Measurement and Evaluation
(BEME) was made after the design the number of lightning points was calculated
and shown in the design. The work did consider the use of energy-saving
equipment, hence the total load drawn was very high. According to Adesina [2], a
two-bedroom, twin-flat residential building was designed. The work only included
the calculations for the lighting points and the voltage drop in the cable. The work
However, it did not make provision for the sizing and load balancing of the
distribution board. Also, there was no design for the rating of the generator to be
used in the work. In a project carried out by Eze [3], a 2-story office building was
designed using AutoCAD software, and the calculations for the total load and
lighting point were done. Also, calculations were done to choose the correct rating
for the choice of generator in case of power failure. However, the design did not
account for the use of an inverter or the rating of the inverter in a generator is not
selected as the alternative power supply. In summary, it is seen that in the reviewed
works, the calculations for the number of lighting points were done correctly, and
that is the formula to be used in the proposed design. Also in the designs, the
correct sizes of cables and distribution boards were used, and the BEME was done
correctly. But hardly any reference was made to the relevant IEE regulations [3] to
further stress the need to obey regulations during electrical installation. Also, the
works that included inverters did not show how the inverter can be properly sized;
they just stated only the ratings of inverters to be installed. These are the gaps that
will be exploited in this design. Also, the proposed design will include a smart
design for the duplex such that when some appliances are not in use, they will be
automatically turned off.
Required Equipment
1. Laptop or pc
2. AutoCAD software
Calculations
The total load demand of the proposed building is estimated, and this is used to
design the distribution boards on each floor, and also calculate the transformer
rating. The estimated total load is used to determine the rating of the alternative
source of power supply to be used. This could be a generator or an inverter. The
proposed building has four floors (the ground floor and the fourth floor) Each floor
has the same design and load in Building.
1. Load summary for ground floor
SI Load Description Quantity Watt per Total Watt
No. load
01 Tube Light 02 40 80
02 Wall Light 07 20 140
03 Water Pump 01 5,000 5,000
Total 5,220
Table 1 Load Summary for ground floor
The distribution rating will be:
T LD
DBR = √ 3 ×V × PF (1)
L
Where; DBR = Distribution Board Rating, VL = Line voltage, and PF = Power
Factor.
5,220 W
DBR = √ 3 × 415 ×0.8
= 9.08 Amps
Hence a 10.9 A Distribution board will be used on the ground floor.
2. Load Summary for Per flat
SI Load Description Quantity Watt per Total Watt
No. load
01 Wall Light 14 20 280
02 Tube Light 07 40 280
03 Ceiling Fan 04 75 300
Power outlets
04 P = 3 pin, 5A, 240V, 1 Phase 06 300 1,800
05 R = 2pin, 5A, 240V, 1 Phase 06 100 600
06 Q = 3 pin,15A, 240V, 1 Phase 02 2,000 4,000
07 G = 2pin, 15A, 240V, 1 Phase 01 1,500 1,500
Total 8,760
Table 2 Load summary for Per flat
Hence total load per floor = 8,760× 2 = 17,520 W [ Each floor has two flats]
From Equation number (1), We get
17,520 W
DBR = √ 3 × 415 ×0.8
= 30.46 Amps
Hence a 36.5 A Distribution board will be used on the first floor.
Now Total Load in four floor = 17,520 W × 4 = 70,080 W
Total Load on ground floor = 5,220 W
Total Load on the roof = 20W× 10 = 200W
Here Overall total load = (70,080+5,220+200) = 75,500W
= 75.5 kW
Assume that, At a time 70% will active
So at a time active load = 75.5kw × 0.70
= 52.85 kW
Now, for transformer Rating
P = VICosθ (2)
Here we got,
P
Transformer rating = cos θ
52.85 kW
= 0.8
= 66.0625 kVA
3. Load Summary for emergency load
SI Load Description Quantity Watt per Total Watt
No. load
01 Wall Light 18 20 360
02 Ceiling Fan 08 75 600
03 Water Pump 01 5000 5,000
Total 5,960
Hence Generator rating for emergency Load
From Equation (2)
P
Generator rating = cos θ
5.96 kW
= 0.8
= 7.45 kVA
Future Scope
The "AutoCAD-Driven Design Strategy for Optimal Electricity Utilization and
Energy Savings" project has laid a strong foundation for advancing energy-
efficient design practices using AutoCAD. Building on the success and findings of
this project, several potential future directions can be explored to further enhance
its impact and contribution to sustainable architecture and construction:
1. Integration of Renewable Energy Sources: Future iterations of the project
could incorporate the integration of renewable energy sources, such as solar
panels, wind turbines, and geothermal systems.
2. Machine Learning and AI-Based Optimizations: Leveraging machine
learning and artificial intelligence algorithms with software could enable the
development of self-learning models that continuously improve the energy
efficiency of designs over time. These models could adapt to changing
energy demands and occupant behavior, leading to even more optimized and
dynamic energy-saving strategies.
3. Implementation in Different Building Types: Extend the project to
diverse building types, including residential, commercial, and industrial
structures. Each building type has unique energy consumption patterns, and
optimizing their energy usage through AutoCAD-driven strategies could
have a significant impact on overall energy conservation.
4. Real-World Case Studies and Demonstrations: Collaborate with real-
world construction projects to apply the AutoCAD-driven design strategy
and showcase its effectiveness in practical applications. Demonstrating
successful case studies would encourage broader adoption of energy-saving
design practices.
5. Global Implementation and Knowledge Sharing: Collaborate with
international organizations and researchers to promote the implementation of
the AutoCAD-driven design strategy on a global scale. Sharing knowledge,
best practices and case studies would foster a collaborative effort towards
sustainable and energy-efficient building designs worldwide.
Methodology
Simulation / Hardware Prototype
Results and Discussions
The design was carried out using AutoCAD software, from which the estimated
total load drawn by the building was calculated to be 75.5 kW. The total load was
used to propose a 7.45 kVA generator for the building. And we also calculate the
Distribution board rating for the ground and each floor. The key point of this
design is the use of energy-saving equipment and techniques in designing to
consume far less energy compared to other designs of similar nature using other
non-energy-saving techniques. Also in this design, we don’t consider the
protection device. In the future we implement it.
Conclusion
This project is based on our EEE 448 course on electrical service design. Our
project successfully demonstrated the effectiveness of integrating AutoCAD into
the design process to maximize the use of electricity and achieve significant energy
savings. Through careful planning and modeling using AutoCAD. In the
calculation part, we calculated the generator, transformer, and Distribution Board
ratings that ensure the maximum use of supply power. The project involved
analyzing various building systems, considering factors such as lighting,
appliances, and electrical equipment. AutoCAD design helps visualize the design
scenarios, identifying areas of improvement and potential energy wastage.
In conclusion, the "AutoCAD-Driven Design Strategy for Optimal Electricity
Utilization and Energy Savings" project showcases the potential of AutoCAD as a
valuable tool in promoting sustainable and energy-efficient designs. The findings
and recommendations from this project provide valuable insights for industry
professionals, policymakers, and researchers seeking to optimize electricity usage
and achieve significant energy savings in architectural and construction projects.
References
[1] C. Ejele, Electrical services redesign of Alvan-Ikoku hostel in UNN using autocad, Final year project,
the Department Of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2015.
[2] M. A. Adeshina, A proposed one storey two bedroom twin flat residential building, Final year project,
Department Of Electrical Engineering, UNN, 2014.
[3] U. Eze, Electrical services design of a two storey office building, Final year project, Department of
Electrical Engineering, UNN, 2017.
[4] C. Ejele, Electrical services redesign of Alvan-Ikoku hostel in UNN using autocad, Final year project,
the Department Of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2015.
[5] M. A. Adeshina, A proposed one storey two bedroom twin flat residential building, Final year project,
Department Of Electrical Engineering, UNN, 2014.