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Class 10 - Mathematics
Basic Sample Paper - 01 (2023-24)

Maximum Marks: 80
Time Allowed: 3 hours

General Instructions:

1. This Question Paper has 5 Sections A, B, C, D and E.

2. Section A has 20 MCQs carrying 1 mark each
3. Section B has 5 questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C has 6 questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D has 4 questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 case based integrated units of assessment (04 marks each) with sub- parts of the values of 1, 1 and 2 marks
each respectively.
7. All Questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice in 2 Qs of 5 marks, 2 Qs of 3 marks and 2 Questions of 2 marks
has been provided. An internal choice has been provided in the 2marks questions of Section E
8. Draw neat figures wherever required. Take π = 22

7
wherever required if not stated.

Section A
1. Which of the following numbers is a prime number?
a) 233
b) 377
c) 147
d) 253
2. If p and q are co-prime numbers, then p2 and q2 are
a) even
b) coprime
c) not coprime
d) odd
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3. If the equation x2 + 2(k + 2)x + 9k = 0 has equal roots then k = ?
a) -1 or 4
b) 1 or - 4
c) 1 or 4
d) -1 or - 4
4. The graphs of the equations 6x - 2y + 9 = 0 and 3x - y + 12 = 0 are two lines which are
a) perpendicular to each other
b) parallel
c) coincident
d) intersecting exactly at one point
5. The common root of 2x2 + x - 6 = 0 and x2 - 3x - 10 = 0 is

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a) -2
b) 3

c) 5
d) 2
6. The coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining the points (-2, 3) and (4, -5) are
a) (0, 0)
b) (-1, 1)
c) (1, -1)
d) (-2, 4)
7. In a triangle, ABC, the triangle bisector of the angle A meets BC at D. If AB = 4, AC = 3 and ∠ A = 60o, then length of AD
is:
–
a) (12√3)/7
–
b) 2√3
–
c) (15√3)/8
–
d) (6√3)/7
8. In the given figure XY ||BC . If AX = 3cm, XB = 1.5cm and BC = 6cm, then XY is equal to

a) 3 cm.
b) 4.5 cm.
c) 4 cm.
d) 6 cm.
9. In Figure, the perimeter of △ABC is

a) 45 cm
b) 30 cm
c) 60 cm
d) 15 cm
10. sin θ

1+cos θ
is equal to
a) 1−sin θ

cos θ

b) 1−cos θ

cos θ
1−cos θ
c) sin θ

d)
1+cos θ

sin θ

11. An observer 1.5 m tall is 28.5 m away from a tower and the angle of elevation of the top of the tower from the eye of the
observer is 45°. The height of the tower is
a) 30 m
b) none of these
c) 28.5 m
d) 27 m

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12. The value of sin 45° + cos 45° is
–
a) √2
b) 1

√2

c) 1
d) √3
1

13. The part of the circular region enclosed by two radii and the corresponding arc of a circle is called
a) a segment
b) a radius
c) a chord
d) a sector
14. The area of the sector of angle 60o of a circle with radius 10 cm is
a) None of these
b) 52 4

21
cm2
c) 52 8

21
cm2
d) 52 2

21
cm2
15. A die is thrown once. The probability of getting an even number is
a) 1

b) 5

c) 1

d) 1

16. The marks obtained by 9 students in Mathematics are 59, 46, 30, 23, 27, 40, 52, 35 and 29. The median of the data is
a) 29
b) 35
c) 40
d) 30
17. A sphere of radius 6 cm is dropped into a cylindrical vessel partly filled with water. The radius of the vessel is 8 cm. If the
sphere is submerged completely, then the surface of the water rises by
a) 4.5 cm
b) 4 cm
c) 2 cm
d) 3 cm
18. Mode is:
a) least frequent value
b) None of these
c) middle most value
d) most frequent value
19. Assertion (A): Distance of (5, 12) from y-axis is 5 units.
Reason (R): Distance of point (h, k) from y-axis is always k units.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
20. Assertion (A): The H.C.F. of two numbers is 16 and their product is 3072. Then their L.C.M. = 162
Reason: If a, b are two positive integers, then H.C.F. × L.C.M. = a × b
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

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b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
Section B
a1 b1 c1
21. On comparing the ratios a2
, and
c2
, find out whether the lines representing the pair of linear equations intersect at a
b2

point, are parallel or coincide: 6x − 3y + 10 = 0; 2x – y + 9 = 0.

22. In the given figure, CB ∥ QR and CA ∥ PR. If AQ = 12 cm, AR = 20 cm, PB = CQ = 15 cm, calculate PC and BR.

OR

Observe the Fig. given below and then find ∠ P.

23. Prove that the tangents drawn at the ends of a diameter of a circle are parallel.
24. Evaluate cos 60 cos 30 − sin 60 sin 30
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘

25. Find the area of a quadrant of a circle whose circumference is 22 cm.

OR

What is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle of radius 6 cm by an arc of length 3π cm?
Section C
26. Prove that is irrational.
1

√2

27. If α and β are the roots of the quadratic equation (l − m) x + (m − n) x + (n − l) = 0 and 2l = m + n ,

2

then what is the relation between α and β?

28. The ratio of incomes of two persons is 9 : 7 and the ratio of their expenditures is 4 : 3. If each of them manages to save ₹
2000 per month, then find their monthly incomes.

OR

A plane left 30 minutes late than its scheduled time and in order to reach the destination 1500 km away in time, it had to
increase its speed by 100 km/h from the usual speed. Find its usual speed.
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29. From a point P outside a circle with centre O, tangents PA and PB are drawn to the circle. Prove that OP is the right bisector
of the line segment AB.

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30. If sec θ = , find the values of tan θ and cosec θ .

25

OR

Prove: sin θ (1 + tan θ ) + cos θ (1 + cot θ ) = sec θ + cosec θ .

31. A card is drawn at random from a well-shuffled deck of playing cards. Find the probability that the card drawn is
i. a red king
ii. neither a king nor a queen
iii. either a king or a queen
Section D
32. In a flight of 600 km, an aircraft was slowed down due to bad weather. Its average speed for the trip was reduced by 200
km/hr and the time of flight was increased by 30 minutes. Find the duration of flight.

OR

The sum of the areas of two squares is 640 m2. If the difference in their perimeters be 64 m, find the sides of the two
squares.
33. ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC and D is a point on AC such that BC = AC × C D. Prove that BD = BC.
2

34. A cone made of paper has height 3h and vertical angle 2α. It contains two other cones of height 2h and h and vertical angles
4α and 6α respectively. Find the ratio of the two volumes in between the cones.

OR

A well, whose diameter is 7m, has been dug 22.5 m deep and the earth dugout is used to form an embankment around it. If
the height of the embankment is 1.5 m, find the width of the embankment.
35. If the median of the distribution given below is 28.5, then find the values of x and y.
Class Interval frequency
0-10 5

10-20 x
20-30 20

30-40 15

40-50 y
50-60 5

Total 60
Section E
36. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Your elder brother wants to buy a car and plans to take loan from a bank for his car. He repays his total loan of ₹ 1,18,000 by

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paying every month starting with the first instalment of ₹ 1000. If he increases the instalment by ₹ 100 every month , answer
the following:

i. Find the amount paid by him in 30th installment.

ii. Find the amount paid by him in 30 installments.

OR

Find the 10th installment, if the 1st installment is of ₹ 2000.

iii. If total installments are 40 then amount paid in the last installment?
37. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
In order to facilitate smooth passage of the parade, movement of traffic on certain roads leading to the route of the Parade
and Tableaux ah rays restricted. To avoid traffic on the road Delhi Police decided to construct a rectangular route plan, as
shown in the figure.

i. If Q is the mid point of BC, then what are the coordinates of Q?

ii. What is the length of the sides of quadrilateral PQRS?

OR

What is the length of route ABCD?

iii. What is the length of route PQRS?
38. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
A man is watching a boat speeding away from the top of a tower. The boat makes an angle of depression of 60o with the
man’s eye when at a distance of 200 m from the tower. After 10 seconds, the angle of depression becomes 45o.

i. What is the approximate speed of the boat (in km/hr), assuming that it is sailing in still water?
ii. How far is the boat when the angle is 45o?

OR

As the boat moves away from the tower, angle of depression will decrease/increase?
iii. What is the height of tower?

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Class 10 - Mathematics
Basic Sample Paper - 01 (2023-24)

Solution

Section A
1. (a) 233
Explanation: We know that A prime number is a whole number greater than 1 whose only two whole-number factors
which are 1 and itself. e.g. 2, 23, 29 ...
233 has only two factors = 1 × 233
Because 233 has only two factors 1 and itself i.e 233, so it's a prime number.
2. (b) coprime
Explanation: We know that the co-prime numbers have no factor in common, or, their HCF is 1.
Thus, p2 and q2 have the same factor with exponent 2 each. which again will not have any common factor.
Thus we can conclude that p2 and q2 are co-prime numbers.
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3. (c) 1 or 4
Explanation: Since the roots are equal, we have D = 0.
∴ 4(k + 2)2 - 36k = 0 ⇒ {k + 2)2 - 9k = 0
k2 - 5k + 4 = 0 ⇒ k2 - 4k - k + 4 = 0
⇒ k(k − 4) − (k − 4) = 0

⇒ (k − 4)(k − 1) = 0 ⇒ k = 4 or k = 1 .
4. (b) parallel
Explanation: We have,
6x - 2y + 9 = 0
And, 3x - y + 12 = 0
Here, a1 = 6, b1 = - 2 and c1 = 9
a2 = 3, b2 = - 1 and c2 = 12
c1
and
a1 6 2 b1 −2 2 9 3
= = , = = = =
a2 3 1 b2 −1 1 c2 12 4

a1 b1 c1
Clearly, a2
=
b2
≠
c2

Hence, the given system has no solution and the lines are parallel.
5. (a) -2
Explanation: Given: Putting x = -2 in given equations
p(x) = 2x2 + x - 6 = 0 and q(x) = x2 - 3x - 10 = 0
∴p(-2) = 2(-2)2 + (-2) - 6 = 0
=8-2-6=8-8=0
∴ q(-2) = (-2)2 - 3(-2) -10 = 0
= 4 + 6 - 10
= 10 - 10 = 0
Since, p(-2) = 0 and q(-2) = 0
therefore, -2 is the common root of 2x2 + x - 6 = 0 and x2 - 3x - 10 = 0

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6. (c) (1, -1)
Explanation: Let the coordinates of midpoint C(x, y) of the line segment joining the points A(-2, 3) and B(4, -5)
x1 +x2
x= = =1
−2+4 2
∴ =
2 2 2
y1 +y2 3−5 −2
And y = 2
= 2
=
2
= -1
Therefore, the coordinates of mid-point C are (1, -1)
–
7. (a) (12√3)/7
8. (c) 4 cm.
Explanation: △ AXY ∼△ ABC (AA similarity)
XY=4cm
AX AY 3 XY
= ⇒ = ⇒
AB AC 4.5 6

9. (b) 30 cm

Explanation:

AQ = 4cm
PC = 5cm
BR = 6cm
AQ and AR are tangent to cirlce from same point.
Hence AQ = AR = 4cm ..... (i)
Similarly BR = BP = 6cm ..... (ii)
and PC = CQ = 5cm .... (iii)
perimeter of △ABC = AB + BC + CA
= (AR + RB) + (BP + PC) + (CQ + QA)
= (AQ + AR) + (RB + BP) + (CP + CQ)
= (4 + 4) + (6 + 6) + (5 + 5)
= 8 + 12 + 10
= 30cm
10. (c) 1−cos θ

sin θ
sin θ(1−cos θ)
Explanation: We have,
sin θ
=
1+cos θ (1+cos θ)(1−cos θ)

sin θ(1−cos θ) sin θ(1−cos θ)

= =
2 2
1−cos θ sin θ
1−cos θ
=
sin θ

11. (a) 30 m
Explanation: Let AB be the observer and CD =h metres be the tower.
BE = AC = 28.5 m.
From right △BED, we have
= tan 45o ⇒ =1
DE DE

BE 28.5m

⇒ De = 28.5 m

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∴ h - 1.5 = 28.5 ⇒ h = 30.

–
12. (a) √2
Explanation: Given: sin 45 ∘
+ cos 45
∘

= +
1 1

√2 √2
–
=
2
= √2
√2

13. (d) a sector

Explanation:

The part of the circular region enclosed by two radii and the corresponding arc of a circle is called a sector.
14. (c) 52 8

21
cm2
Explanation: Area of sector = θ

360
∘
× πr
2

10 × 10
60 22
∘
× ×
360 7

= = 52 sq. cm
1100 8

21 21

15. (d) 1

Explanation: Number of all possible outcomes = 6.

Even numbers are 2,4, 6. Their number is 3.
∴ P (getting an even number) =
3 1
=
6 2

16. (b) 35
Explanation: Arranging the given data in ascending order, we get
23, 27, 29, 30, 35, 40, 46, 52, 59
Here, n = 9, which is odd.
th
n+1
∴ Median = ( 2
) term

th

=(
9+1
) term
2

th

=( 10

2
) term

= 5th term
= 35
17. (a) 4.5 cm
Explanation: Radius of sphere (r) = 6 cm
Volume = (
1

3
) πr
3
= (
4

3
) π(6) cm
3 3

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= (
4

3
) × 216π = 4 × 72πcm
3
= 28871 cm3

Radius of vessel (r2) = 8 cm

Let height of water level = h
∴ Volume of water raised = πr 2
2
h

2 2
∴ πr h = 288π ⇒ (8) h = 288
2
288 36 9
⇒ h = = = cm
8×8 8 2

∴ Height = 4.5 cm
18. (d) most frequent value
Explanation: Mode is the most frequent value of observation or a class.
19. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Distance of (5, 12) from y-axis will be equal to x-coordinate to point. So, distance of (5, 12) from y-axis
will be 5 units.
20. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: = 192 ≠ 162
3072

16

Section B
21. Given equations are
6x − 3y + 10 = 0
2x – y + 9 = 0
Comparing equation 6x − 3y + 10 = 0 with a 1x + b1 y + c1 = 0

and 2x – y + 9 = 0 with
a2 x + b2 y + c2 = 0 ,
We get, a1 = 6, b1 = -3, c1 = 10, a2 = 2, b2 = -1, c2 = 9​
a1 b1 c1 −3
We have because
6 10 3 3 10
= ≠ = ≠ ⇒ = ≠
a2 b2 c2 2 −1 9 1 1 9

Hence, lines are parallel to each other.

22. In △PQR, CA ∥ PR
(By BPT)
PC RA
∴ =
CQ AQ

or, PC

15
=
20

12

= 25 cm
15×20
∴ PC =
12

In △PQR, CB || QR
∴ =
PC

CQ
(By BPT)PB

BR

or, 25
=
15

15 BR

= 9 cm.
15×15
∴ BR =
25

OR

In △ABC and △PQR,

3√3
AB

RQ
=
3.8

7.6
=
1

2
,
BC

QP
=
12
6
=
1

2
and CA

PR
= =
1

2
6√3

That is, AB
=
BC
=
CA

PR
RQ QP

So,△ABC ∼ △RQP (SSS similarity criterion)

Therefore, ∠ C = ∠ P (Corresponding angles of similar triangles)
But ∠ C = 180° – ∠ A – ∠ B (Angle sum property of triangle)
∠ C = 180° – 80° – 60°

∠ C = 40°
So, ∠ P = 40°

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23.

Given: PQ is a diameter of a circle with centre O.

The lines AB and CD are the tangents at P and Q respectively.
To Prove: AB ∥ CD
Proof: Since AB is a tangent to the circle at P and OP is the radius through the point of contact.
∴ ∠ OPA = 90o ........ (i)
[The tangent at any point of a circle is ⊥ to the radius through the point of contact]
∵ CD is a tangent to the circle at Q and OQ is the radius through the point of contact.
∴ ∠ OQD = 90o ........ (ii)
[The tangent at any point of a circle is ⊥ to the radius through the point of contact]
From eq. (i) and (ii), ∠ OPA = ∠ OQD
But these form a pair of equal alternate angles also,
∴ AB ∥ CD

24. We have,
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
cos 60 cos 30 − sin 60 sin 30

1 √3 √3 1 √3 √3
= × − × = − = 0
2 2 2 2 4 4

25. Let the radius of the circle be r cm.

Then, circumference of the circle = 2πr cm
According to the question,
2πr = 22
22
⇒ 2× × r = 22
7
22×7 7
⇒ r = ⇒ r = cm
2×22 2

For a quadrant of a circle,

Area = πr 1

4
2

2
1 22 7 1 22 7 7 77 2
= × × ( ) = × × × = cm
4 7 2 4 7 2 2 8

OR

We have
R = 6 cm
Length of the arc = 3πcm
as we know that arc length = θ

360
× 2πr

Substituting the values we get,

× 2π × 6 ...(1)
θ
3π =
360

Now we will simplify the equation (1) as below,

θ
3π = × 12π
360
θ
3π = × π
30
θ
3 =
30
∘
θ = 90

Therefore, the angle subtended at the centre of the circle is 90o.

Section C

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26. We can prove 1
irrational by contradiction.
√2

Let us suppose that is rational.

1

√2

It means we have some co-prime integers a and b (b ≠ 0)

Such that
1
= a

√2 b

–
..........(1)
b
⇒ √2 =
a
–
R.H.S of (1) is rational but we know that is√2 irrational.
It is not possible which means our supposition is wrong.
Therefore, 1
can not be rational.
√2

Hence, it is irrational.
27. (l − m) x
2
+ (m − n) x + (n − l) = 0

Discriminant= D = (m − n)
2
− 4 (l − m) (n − l) ……(1)
It is given that: 2l = m + n

(m + n)
⇒ l =
2
…..(2)
Substituting (2) in (1) we get
m+n m+n
D = (m − n) − 4 [ 2
− m] [n −
2 2
]

(n−m) (n−m)
2
= (m − n) − 4
2 2
2 2
= (m − n) − (n − m)

2 2
= (m − n) − (m − n) = 0

Since the discriminant is 0, the given quadratic equation has equal roots.
∴α=β
28. Let us denote the incomes of the two-person by ₹ 9x and ₹ 7x and their expenditures by ₹ 4y and ₹ 3y respectively.
Then the equations formed in the situation is given by :
9x – 4y = 2000 ...(i)
and 7x – 3y = 2000 ...(2)
Step 1: Multiply Equation (1) by 3 and Equation (2) by 4 to make the coefficients of y equal. Then, we get the equations:
27x – 12y = 6000 ...(3)
28x – 12y = 8000 ...(4)
Step 2: Subtract Equation (3) from Equation (4) to eliminate y, because the coefficients of y are the same. So, we get
(28x – 27x) – (12y – 12y) = 8000 – 6000
i.e., x = 2000
Step 3: Substituting this value of x in (1), we get
9(2000) – 4y = 2000
i.e., y = 4000
So, the solution of the equations is x = 2000, y = 4000. Therefore, the monthly incomes of the persons are ₹18,000 and
₹14,000 respectively.

OR

Let the usual speed of the plane = x km/hr.

Distance to the destination = 1500 km
Case (i):
Distance
we know that, Speed =
T ime

Distance
⇒ T ime =
speed

So, in case(i) Time = Hrs

1500

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Case (iI)
Distance to the destination = 1500 km
Increased speed = 100 km/hr
So, speed = x+100
So, in case(ii) Time = Hrs
1500

x+100

So, according to the question

∴
x
-
1500 1500
=
x+100
30

60

⇒ x2 + 100x - 300000 = 0
⇒ x2 + 600x - 500x - 300000 = 0
⇒ (x + 600)(x - 500) = 0
⇒ x = 500 or x = -600
Since, speed can not be negative, x = 500
Therefore, Speed of plane = 500 km/hr.
29. Given: PA and PB are tangents to a circle with centre O from an external point P.
To prove: OP is the right bisector of AB
Construction: Join AB. Let AB intersect OP at M.
Proof: In △M AP and △M BP , we have
PA = PB [Y tangents to a circle from an external point are equal]
MP = MP [common]
△ MPA = △MPB [Y tangents from an external point are equally inclined to the line segment
joining the centre to that point, i.e., △ OPA = △OPB]
∴ △M AP ≅ △M BP [by SAS-congruence].
And so, MA = MB [cpct]
and ∠ AMP = ∠ BMP [cpct]
But, ∠ AMP + ∠ BMP = 180° [linear pair]
∘
∴∠AM P = ∠BM P = 90

Hence, OP is the right bisector of AB.

30.

In △POQ, right angled at Q.

sec θ =
OP 25
=
OQ 7

So, OP = 25k and OQ = 7k

PQ2 = OP2 - OQ2
= (25k)2 - (7k)2
= 625k2 - 49k2 = 576k2
−−−−−
PQ = √576k = 24k2

PQ
tan θ = =
24

7
and cosec θ = OP
=
25

24
.
OQ PQ

OR

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LHS: sin θ (1 + tan θ ) + cos θ (1 + cot θ )
= sin θ (1 + sin θ
) + cos θ (1 + cos θ
)
cos θ sin θ

cos θ+sin θ sin θ+cos θ

= sin θ ( cos θ
) + cos θ ( sin θ
)

= (sin θ + cos θ ) ( sin θ

+
cos θ
)
cos θ sin θ

2 2

= (sin θ + cos θ ) (
sin θ+cos θ
)
sin θ cos θ

= (sin θ + cos θ ) ( 1

sin θ cos θ
)

= 1
+
1

cos θ sin θ

= sec θ + cosec θ
= RHS
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31. Total number of cards in a deck of playing cards = 52
∴ Number of all possible outcomes = 52
i. Let E be the event that the card drawn is a red king.
Then, the number of outcomes favourable to E is 1 + 1 = 2
So, P(E) = P(a red king)= 52
2
=
1

26

ii. Let E be the event that the card drawn is neither a king nor a queen.
Then, the number of outcomes favourable to E is 52-(4 + 4) = 44.
So, P(E) = P(neither a king nor a queen) = 44

52
=
11

13

iii. Let E be the event that the card drawn is either a king or a queen.
Then, the number of outcomes favourable to E is 4 + 4 = 8.
So, P(E) = P(either a king or a queen)=
8 2
=
52 13

Section D
32. Let the original speed of the aircraft be x km/hr.
Then, new speed = (x- 200) km/hr.
Duration of flight at original speed =
600
hrs
x

Duration of flight at reduced speed =

600
hrs
x−200

According to the question

600 600 1
− =
x−200 x 2
600x−600x+120000 1
⟹ =
x(x−200) 2

120000 1
⟹ =
2
x −200x 2

⟹ x2 - 200x -240000 = 0
⟹ x2 - 600 x + 400 x - 240000 = 0
⟹ x (x - 600) + 400 (x - 600) = 0
⟹ (x- 600) (x + 400) = 0
Either x - 600 =0 or x + 400 = 0
⟹ x = 600, -400

since Speed cannot be negative. So x = 600

So, original speed of the aircraft was 600 km /hr.
Hence, duration of flight =
600 600
hrs = hrs = 1hr
x 600

OR

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Let x m and y m be the lengths of the sides of two square fields.

Area and perimeter of two squares are x 2 2 2 2

m , y m and 4x, 4y respectively
According to question,
∴ x2 + y2 = 640 .......(1)
and 4x - 4y = 64
∴ x - y = 16 ........(2)
from (2),
x = y + 16,
Putting value of x in (1)
(y + 16)2 + y2 = 640
⇒ y2 + 32y + 256 + y2 = 640
⇒ 2y2 + 32y + 256 - 640 = 0
⇒ 2y2 + 32y - 384 = 0
⇒ y2 + 16y - 192 = 0
Factorise the equation,
⇒y2 + 24y - 8y - 192 = 0
⇒ y(y + 24) - 8(y + 24) = 0

⇒ (y + 24)(y - 8) = 0
∴ y + 24 = 0 or y = -24
∴ y - 8 = 0 or y = 8
As length can't be negative.
putting y = 8 in (2)
x - 8 = 16 ∴ x = 16 + 8 = 24

33.

We have,
BC
2
= AC × C D and AB = AC
⇒ BC × BC = AC × C D and ∠B = ∠C [ angles opposite to equal sides of a triangle are equal]
and ∠B =
BC CD
⇒ = ∠C
AC BC

and ∠B =
BC DC
⇒ = ∠C
CA CB

So, by SAS-criterion of similarity, we obtain

ΔBC A ∼ ΔDC B
BC CA BA
⇒ = =
DC CB DB
CA BA
⇒ =
CB DB
BA DB
⇒ =
CA CB

⇒ 1 =
DB
[ ∵ AB = AC]
CB

⇒ DB = C B ⇒ BD = BC

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34. Let Volumes of the cones with height 3h, 2h, and h be V1 , V2 and V3 respectively

OA = 3h tanα
Therefore, V = 1 2 27 3 2
π (3h tan α) × 3h = πh tan α
3 3

From cone C1 A1 B1, we have

C1O = 2h and OA1 = 2h tan 2α
1 2 8 3 2
∴ V1 = π (2h tan 2α) × 2h = πh tan 2α
3 3

For cone C2 A2 B2, we have

C2O = h and OA2 = h tan 3α
1 2 1 3 2
∴ V2 = π (h tan 3α) × h = πh tan 3α
3 3
3

Now, V
27π 3 2 8π 3 2 πh 2 2
− V1 = h tan α− h tan 2α = (27 tan α − 8 tan 2α)
3 3 3
3

and, V 1 − V2 =
8

3
πh
3
tan
2
2α −
π

3
h
3
tan
2
3α =
πh

3
(8 tan
2
2α − tan
2
3α)

∴ Required ratio = (V - V1) : (V1 - V2)

= (27 tan
2
α − 8 tan
2
2α) : (8 tan
2
2α − tan
2
3α) .

OR

According to question
Diameterdiameter of the well = 7m
Radius of the well (r) = m = 3.5m and, height of the well (h) = 22.5 m
7

∴ Volume of the earth dugout = π× (3.5)2 × 22.5 m3 = π × 7

2
×
7

2
×
45

2
m3
Let the width of the embankment be r metres. Clearly, embankment forms a cylindrical shell whose inner and outer radii
are 3.5 m and (r + 3.5) m respectively and height 1.5 m.
∴ Volume of the embankment = Area of ring at top × height of the embankment
= π{(r + 3.5)2 - (3.5)2} × 1.5 m3 = π(r + 7) r × m3
3

But, Volume of the embankment = Volume of the well

3 7 7 45
⇒ πr(r + 7) × = π× × ×
2 2 2 2

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r (r + 7) = 15
49
⇒ ×
4

⇒ 4r2 + 28r = 735

⇒ 4r2 + 28r - 735 = 0
4r2 + 70x - 42x - 735 = 0
⇒ 2r(2r + 35) - 21(2r + 35) = 0
⇒ (2r + 35)(2r - 21) = 0

⇒ 2r + 35 = 0 or 2r - 21 = 0
r= or x =
−35 21
⇒
2 2

is negative, hence neglect this value

−35

⇒ x =
21

2
= 10.5 m
Hence, the width of the embankment is 10.5 m

35. Monthly Consumption Number of consumers (f i) Cumulative Frequency

0-10 5 5
10-20 x 5+x

20-30 20 25 + x

30-40 15 40 + x
40-50 y 40 + x + y

50-60 5 45 + x + y

Total ∑ fi = n = 60

Here, ∑ f , then , also, median of the distribution is 28.5, which lies in interval 20 – 30.
n 60
i = n = 60 = = 30
2 2

∴ Median class = 20 – 30
So, l = 20, n = 60, f = 20, cf = 5 + x and h = 10
∵ 45 + x + y = 60

⇒ x + y = 15 ………...........(i)
n
−cf

Now, Median = l + [
2
] × h
f

30−(5+x)
⇒ 28.5 = 20 + [ ] × 10
20

30−5−x
⇒ 28.5 = 20 +
2
40+25−x
⇒ 28.5 =
2

⇒ 57.0 = 65 − x

⇒ x = 65 − 57 = 8

⇒ x=8
Putting the value of x in eq. (i), we get,
8 + y = 15
⇒ y=7
Hence the value of x and y are 8 and 7 respectively.
Section E
36. i. a = 1000
d = 100
Sn = 1,18,000
t30 = a + 29 d

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= 1000 + 29 × 100
= 1000 + 2900
t30 = 3900

i.e., he will pay ₹ 3900 in 30th installment.

ii. Sn = {2a + (n - 1)d}
n

S30 = {2 × 1000 + (30 - 1) × 100}

30

S30 = 15 {2000 + 2900}

S30 = 15 × 4900
S30 = 73,500
i.e., he will pay ₹ 73500 in 30 installments.

OR

t10 = a + 9d
= 2000 + 9 × 100
t10 = 2000 + 900
t10 = ₹ 2900
iii. Sn = {a + l}
n

1,18,000 = {1000 + l}
40

1,18,000 = 20,000 + 20 l
98,000 = 20 l
l = 4900
i.e., the last installment will be of ₹ 4900.
37. i. Q(x, y) is mid-point of B(-2, 4) and C(6, 4)
(x, y) = ( = (2, 4)
−2+6 4+4 4 8
∴ , ) = ( , )
2 2 2 2

ii. Since PQRS is a rhombus, therefore, PQ = QR = RS = PS.

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−− −−
∴ PQ = √(−2 − 2) 2
+ (1 − 4)
2
= √16 + 9 = √25 = 5 units
Thus, length of each side of PQRS is 5 units.

OR

Length of CD = 4 + 2 = 6 units and length of AD = 6 + 2 = 8 units

∴ Length of route ABCD - 2(6 + 8) = 28 units
iii. Length of route PQRS = 4 PQ
= 4 × 5 = 20 units
38. i. In △ ABC
tan 60o =
AB

BC
– AB
√3 =
200
–
AB = 200√3
Now, In △ ABD
tan 45o =
AB

BD
200√3
​
1= BD
–
BD = 200√3
∴ CD = BD - BC

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–
= 200√3 - 200
–
= 200 (√3 - 1)
= 200 × (1.732 - 1)
= 200 × 0.732
= 146.4 m
speed =
distance

time

=
146.4

10

= 14.64 m/s
Now,
speed = 14.64 × 18

5
km/hr
= 52.7
≈ 53 km/hr
ii. In △ ABD
tan 45o =
AB

BD
200√3
1= BD
–
BD = 200√3 m
–
∴ CD = 200√3 - 200
–
= 200 (√3 - 1)
= 200 (1.732 - 1)
= 200 × 0.732
= 146.4
≈ 147 m
∴ boat is at a distance of 147 m from its actual position.

OR

As boat moves away from the tower angle of depression decreases.

iii. In △ ABC
tan 60o = AB

BC
–
√3 = AB

200
–
AB = 200√3 m
–
Hence, height of tower = 200√3 m

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