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Expert Answer
General Guidance
Shear strain:
Shear strain is the ratio of shear stress and the rigidity modulus. It is denoted by
γ.
Shear stress:
Shear stress is the ratio of shear force and the resisting shear area. It is denoted by
τ.
Difference between single shear and Double shear stress:
The following diagram helps to understand the difference between single shear and double shear:
Stress strain diagram:
Stress strain diagram represents the relation between stress and strain for a specific material. To study
the behaviour of a material under specific loading conditions stress strain diagram is used.
Elastic recovery of shear strain:
When the load is released, some amount of strain is recovered, and it is called elastic recovery of shear
strain.
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The relation between shear stress and shear strain is,
τ = Gγ
Here, G is shear modulus.
Shear stress with single shear can be calculated by a relation,
F
τ =
A
Here,
is the shear load and
is the shear area.
Shear stress with double shear can be calculated by a relation,
F
τ =
2A
Here,
is the shear load and
2A
is the shear area.
Elastic recovery of the shear strain can be calculated by a relation,
τ
γr =
G
Here,
γr
is the elastic recovery of shear strain.
Permanent shear strain can be calculated by a relation,
γp = γ − γr
Here,
γ
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is the shear strain corresponding to shear stress and
γp
is the permanent shear strain.
Step: 1
Calculate the cross sectional area of the bolt.
π
2
A = d
4
Here, the diameter of the bolt is d.
Substitute 1.25 in. for d.
π 2
A = (1.25)
4
2
= 1.22718 in.
Calculate the shear stress in the bolt.
P
τ =
2A
Here, the force applied is P and
2A
is the shear area (double shear).
Substitute 150 kip for P and
2
1.30698 in.
for A.
150
τ =
2×1.22718
= 61.115498ksi
Explanation:
Use double shear formulae to find the shear stress in the bolt.
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Hint:
Find out the shear strain of the bolt by using the stress-strain graph.
Step: 2
Calculate the shear strain of the bolt.
75−τ 75−50
=
0.05−γ 0.05−0.005
75−τ 25
=
0.05−γ 0.045
Here,
γ
is the shear strain (in radians) corresponding to shear stress
τ.
Substitute
61.115498ksi
for
τ
75−61.115498 25
=
0.05−γ 0.045
13.884502 25
=
0.05−γ 0.045
13.884502×0.045
0.05 − γ =
25
γ = 0.0249921rad
Explanation:
Use the stress strain graph and find the shear strain corresponding to the shear stress of
61.115498ksi
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by interpolation.
Hint:
Calculate the shear modulus of the material.
Step: 3
Calculate the shear modulus, which represents the slope.
50 ksi−0
G =
0.005 rad−0
3
= 10 × 10 ksi
Here, G is the shear modulus.
Explanation:
The slope of the first line in the graph represents the shear modulus, G. The ratio of difference of
terms on y axis and the difference of terms on x axis gives the slope.
Hint:
Calculate the elastic recovery of the shear strain using general shear stress relation.
Step: 4
Calculate the elastic recovery of the shear strain.
τ = G × γr
τ
γr =
G
Here,
γr
is the elastic recovery.
Substitute
61.115498ksi
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for
τ
and
3
10 × 10 ksi
for G.
61.115498
γr = 3
10×10
−3
= 6.1115498 × 10 rad
Explanation:
The ratio of shear stress in the bolt to the rigidity modulus gives the elastic recovery of the shear
strain.
Hint:
Calculate the permanent shear strain when the load is removed.
Step: 5
Calculate the permanent shear strain.
γp = γ − γr
Here,
γp
is the permanent strain.
Substitute
0.0249921rad
for
γ
and
−3
6.1115498 × 10 rad
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for
γr
−3
γp = 0.0249921 − 6.1115498 × 10
= 0.01889rad
Explanation:
The difference between the shear strain and the elastic recovery of the shear strain gives the
permanent shear strain when the load is removed.
Answer:
The permanent shear strain in the shear plane of the bolt is
0.01889rad
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