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MSMA 2nd Edition. 2012 | DID Malaysia
APPENDIX 8.A EXAMPLE INFILTRATION TRENCH
Problem:
Estimate the preliminary size of an infiltration trench proposed for the USM School of Civil Engineering
building in Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang with 1.59ha of institutional area. The impervious area is 65% of the
catchment area. Given the value of infiltration rate, f = 35 mm/hr, maximum storage time, Ts = 24 hr, effective
filling time, Tf = 2 hr and porosity of fill materials, n = 0.35.
a) Site Plan
152m
122m
72m
37m
Perimeter Drain
Roof
Parking Lot Pervious Area (Grass) Roof
Roof 36m 73.4m 104m
Impervious Area (Roof)
Grass
Proposed Inlet Drain Proposed Inlet Drain
Proposed Infiltration
Trench
b) Building and Drainage Layout
Figure 8.A1: Proposed Trench Site and Design
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Solution:
Reference Calculation Output
Determine the contributed water quality volume WQV
Table 2.5 Runoff coefficient for commercial and business centres = 0.95
Runoff coefficient for sport fields, park and agriculture = 0.40
Impervious area = 0.65
Pervious area = 0.35
Equation 11.1 Required storage for WQV = Cave (Pd) A
= (0.65*0.95 + 0.35*0.4)*0.04 x 15900 = 481.8m3
where:
WQV = Water quality volume
Cave = Average rational runoff coefficient (Refer Table 2.5)
Pd = Rainfall depth for water quality design storm (= 40 mm)
A = Contributing drainage area (ha)
Determine of Trench Size
Porosity of fill materials, n = 0.35
Maximum storage time, Ts (hours) = 24hr
Effective filling time, Tf (hours) = 2hr
Infiltration rate, f = 35mm/hr
f c Ts
Maximum allowable depth, d max
Equation 8.1 n
0.035 24
0.35 = 2.4m
Thus, the proposed depth (dt) of the trench = 1.0m
Design infiltration rate (fd) = 0.5 fc = 0.0175m/hr
Vw
At
ndt f dT f
481.8
At = 1252m2
0.35 1.0 0.0175 2.0
The dimension of the proposed infiltration trench is should be based on
capture of the required water quality volume as 1252m2 = 50m x 25m x
1m
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A
PLAN Pretreatment
BMPs
Concrete Level
Spreader
25m
Overflow Berm
Outflow to Main
Drainage System
50m
SECTION A-A
Level Overflow Berm
Pretreatment Spreader
Gravel Fil Filter Layer
1m
Trench Filled
Protective Layer of With Clean Stone
Filter Fabric
Sand Filter or Runoff Exfiltrates Through
Fabric Equivalent Undisturbed Subsoils
25m
Figure 8.A2: Infiltration Trench Design
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APPENDIX 8.B EXAMPLE INFILTRATION BASIN
Problem:
Estimate the preliminary size of an infiltration basin proposed for the Bertam Perdana, Pulau Pinang. The
catchment area is 12.70ha with 52% of impervious area. The site condition of pre-development is palm oil
plantations. From initial site investigation, the characteristic of the catchment is as follows:
Soil type : Sandy loam
Infiltration capacity (fc) : 35mm/hr
Ground water level : 3m (below ground surface)
The following assumptions are made : Time of concentration pre-development, tcs = 45 minutes
Time of concentrations, tc = 30 minutes
Porosity of sandy loam, n = 0.35
Maximum storage time, Ts = 24 hr
Effective filling time, Tf = 2 hr
400m
Inlet
Outfall Inlet
300m
Figure 8.B1: Site Plan
Reference Calculation Output
Determine the contributed water quality volume WQV
Table 2.5 Runoff coefficient for commercial and business centres = 0.95
Runoff coefficient for sport fields, park and agriculture = 0.40
Impervious area = 0.52
Pervious area = 0.48
Equation Required storage for WQV = Cave (Pd) A
11.1 = (0.52*0.95 + 0.48*0.4)x0.04 x 127000 = 3484.9m2
where:
WQV = Water quality volume
Cave = Average rational runoff coefficient (Refer Table 2.5)
Pd = Rainfall depth for water quality design storm (= 40 mm)
A = Contributing drainage area (m3)
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MSMA 2nd Edition. 2012 | DID Malaysia
Reference Calculation Output
Determine of Basin Size
Porosity of soil materials, n = 0.35
Maximum storage time, Ts (hours) = 24hr
Effective filling time, Tf (hours) = 2hr
Infiltration rate, f = 35mm/hr
Equation
8.7 Maximum allowable depth, (dmax) = fcTp = (35/1000) x 24 = 0.84m
Thus, the proposed depth (db) of the basin = 0.5m
The proposed side slope 1:4 (V:H)
Design infiltration rate (fd) = 0.5 fc = 0.5 x (35/1000) = 0.00875m/hr
Equation Lb = Lt - 2Zdb
8.10a
Equation Wb = Wt -2Zdb
8.10b
Equation Lt = [ Vw + Zdb (Wt -2Zdb)] / [ Wt db Zdb2]
8.11
Vw is equal to WQV and Say Wt is 100m
Lt = [ 3484.9+(4x0.5)(100 2x4x0.5)] / [ (100 x 0.5)(4x0.52)] = 75.04m
The top dimension of the proposed infiltration basin is 100.0m x 72.0m x
0.5m
Wb = 75.04(2x4x0.5) = 71.04m
Lb = 100-(2x4x0.5) = 96m
The bottom/floor dimension of the proposed infiltration basin = 96m x 71m
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PLAN
Inlet
A
96.0m 100.0m
Riprap Outfall
Protection
Outlet
Inlet
71.0m
75.0m
SECTION A-A
100.0m Inflow
Pretreatment
Excess Runoff Water Quality Volume
(WQv)
Grass Turf
0.2m
4
0.5m 1
100mm Top Soil and Clean
Wash Stone
Clean Stone
96.0m
Figure 8.B3: Infiltration Basin Design
8-18 NOT FOR SALE Infiltration Facilities