HVLS Fan Specification for Railways
HVLS Fan Specification for Railways
IS/RDSO-PSE/1002:2023
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS
IS/RDSO-PSE/1002:2023
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR HIGH VOLUME LOW SPEED FAN
TO BE INSTALLED AT VARIOUS RAILWAY INSTALLATIONS
Amendment Revision
SN Reason
Number Date Number Date
- -- -- -- -- First issued as per Railway Board
letter no. 2006/Elect(G)/150/9/Pt.I
dated 28.05.2019.
Approved By
Page 2 of 26 Effective from: Specification no. IS/RDSO-PSE/1002:2023
INDEX
1. Foreword
This specification defines the objectives, guidelines and requirement for
the design, manufacture, supply, installation, testing and commissioning
of High Volume Low Speed (HVLS) fan at Railway Stations, Offices,
Workshops, Sheds etc. of Indian Railways (IR). Indian Railways is in
process to procure and install High Volume Low Speed fans for their
Railway stations and other installations. During summer season, the
HVLS fan should be able to deliver the air as specified in this specification.
2. Scope of Specification
The specification covers design, manufacture and supply at site,
installation, testing and commissioning of HVLS fans to be provided at
Railway Installations including Railway Stations, Offices, Workshops,
Sheds etc.
The contractor shall take necessary measures while designing,
manufacturing and installing such HVLS fan so that the water and dust
shall not ingress in to the electrical and other functional parts of the fan.
The exposer to the atmosphere shall not deteriorate the performance and
reliability of HVLS fan and the finish/properties/strength of the exposed
parts.
3. Scope of work
3.1 Contractor’s scope of work
3.1.1 The contractor‟s scope of work shall include but not be limited to the
following works:
(i) Provision of HVLS fan.
(ii) Transportation of material and equipment for installation
purpose.
(iii) Spare parts, special tools, testing and diagnostic equipment
and measuring instruments (if asked for in the tender).
(iv) Training.
(v) Documentation.
(vi) Control and monitoring system for fan.
(vii) Maintenance for specified period.
(viii) Services.
3.1.2 The contractor will interface and co-ordinate with the Railways and its
authority(ies) undertaking the site preparation works. The complete
responsibility of interfacing and co-ordination shall be of the contractor
till final commissioning and handing over of the HVLS fan installation
to the Railways.
3.2 Railways’ scope of work
As for site preparation works (civil and electrical), with the exception of
items of works specifically kept under contractor‟s scope by this
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specification, all the other works will automatically fall under railways‟
scope. The site preparation works to be undertaken by railways may
typically include:
i) All associated civil works for providing HVLS fan.
ii) Provision of earthing pits for achieving an earth resistance of
maximum 5.0 Ω.
iii) LT power supply for the HVLS fan.
iv) This is absolutely essential for minimizing the chance of seepage
of water running into the HVLS fan.
4. Applicable standards:
IS 302-1:2008 Safety of household and similar electrical
appliances- part 1 – general requirements
IS 302-2-80:2017 Household and similar electrical appliances
-safety part 2-80: Particular requirements
for fans.
AMCA 230-15 Laboratory methods of testing – Air
circulating fans for rating and certification
IS 15999:2021/IEC Rotating electrical machines - rating and
60034: Part – 1: RLV performance
2022
IS 15999:2011 Part 2 Rotating electrical machines - standard
/IEC 60034: Part – 2-1: methods for determining losses and
2014 efficiency from tests (excluding machines for
traction vehicles)
BS EN 61000-6-3: 2021 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -
Generic standards - Emission standard for
equipment in residential environments
BS EN 61000-6-1:2019 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -
Generic standards – Immunity standard for
residential, commercial and light-industrial
environments
IS 3043:2018 Code of practice for earthing
IS/IEC 60947-4-1:2018 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear -
part 4 contactors and motor-starters -
section 1 electromechanical contactors and
motor-starters
IS/IEC 60947-5-1:2018 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear -
part 5 control circuit devices and switching
elements - section 1 electromechanical
control circuit devices
IS 732: 2019 Code of practice for electrical wiring
installations
IS 1573 :1986 Specification for electroplated coatings of
zinc on iron and steel.
IS 6911: 2017 Stainless steel plate, sheet and strip-
specification
ASTM A 576: 2000 Standard specification for steel bars,
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6. General Requirements:
6.1 The HVLS fan is required to produce ample air in line with comfort of
human beings. It should be able to deliver the air as specified in clause
7.5 of this specification. HVLS fan should be capable of operating
safely, smoothly and continually in both directions.
6.2 Fan should be of gearless technology with silent operation & zero
maintenance feature. Sound Level at 100% Speed shall be <45dB
measured at 3m directly below the fan.
6.3 Power factor of the complete system should be > 0.95.
6.4 In general, the steel fasteners used shall conform to IS 1364. It should
be zinc plated as per IS 1573 :1986. Exposed fasteners usually be of
stainless-steel grade -304 as per IS 6911: 2017.
6.5 All contactors and safety switches shall conform to IS/IEC 60947-4-
1:2018 & IS/IEC 60947-5-1:2018 respectively.
6.6 Safety related connectors and devices shall be of plug-in type which
can be extracted without the use of a tool and shall be impossible to re-
insert them incorrectly.
6.7 RCCB & MCCB should be provided in series for better protection.
6.8 Wiring should be done as per latest edition of IS 732:2019 for „code of
practice for electrical wiring installations‟.
6.9 Bearing should be maintenance free sealed type.
7. System details:
The HVLS fan shall comprise of all parts and accessories, which are
necessary for its efficient operation, whether specifically mentioned or
not. The key parts and accessories along with their functions and
features are listed as follows:
7.1 Blades:
7.1.1 The fan shall be equipped with minimum 5 numbers of blades.
The blades shall be of extruded aircraft grade aluminum alloy (as per
IS: 8147: 1976, grade 6063 T6/6061 T6) with safety ring.
7.1.2 Blades shall be connected by means of minimum two locking bolts
per blades. The blades shall be connected to the hub and interlocked
with zinc plated steel retainers. The entire assembly of blades shall be
designed to match the airflow rate at maximum RPM (Revolutions per
Minute).
7.1.3 Blades struts shall be made of 1020 Low carbon steel material as per
ASTM A576: 2000 or aluminum material code 6061 as per IS 8147.
The surface of blades shall be anodized/powder coated.
7.1.4 The blade shall be aerodynamic profile with airfoil design.
7.1.5 Fan size selection:
The size of the fan required shall be decided by the purchaser as per
the site conditions and in consultation with the manufacturer.
However, it should be ensured that following minimum clearances are
maintained:
a) 1.5 D minimum from the centerline to walls and large
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7.3.8 The controller should be able to receive digital input from fire alarm
panel and to switch off the fan in case of fire signal.
7.3.9 HVLS fan shall be able to interface with the fire alarm system so as to
shut down immediately upon receiving a fire alarm signal in
accordance with the requirements of NFPA 72.
7.3.10 The controller shall be equipped with emergency stop push button to
stop the fan in case of any emergency.
7.3.11 Fan Speed Control to be ±2 rpm of the set speed.
7.3.12 Controllers shall be designed and tested for Electromagnetic
Interference (EMI) emission and immunity as per BS EN 61000-6-
3:2021 and BS EN 61000-6-1:2019 respectively.
7.3.13 The system should also offer a suitable interface port to connect the
fan with SCADA system, whenever required.
7.3.14 Controller may be located near the HVLS fan or in Station control
room as per requirement of Railway. The cable length between fan
and controller should not exceed 50 meters.
7.4 Mounting
7.4.1 HVLS fan shall be mounted on safe and secure civil structure. The
purchaser Railway will provide the details of mounting surface
including load bearing capacity, vibration analysis etc. Clearance of
Civil Engineering department is required for mounting surface.
7.4.2 The fan mounting system shall be designed for quick and secure
installation. All components of mounting system shall be of welded
construction using low carbon steel as per ASTM A576 and powder
coated up to the thickness of 60-70 µm, for appearance and
resistance to corrosion.
7.4.3 Anti-vibration mounting may be provided for installation of HVLS fan.
7.4.4 The fan mounting system shall be equipped with hardware not less
than SAE (Society of Automobile Engineers) grade 8 for safe
installation. The fan shall be equipped with an adjustable mounting
arrangement.
7.4.5 The fan shall be equipped with a safety cord that provides an
additional means of securing the fan assembly to the building
structure conforming to IS 302-2-80:2017.
7.4.6 The fan shall include a safety cord attached to the end of ceiling
attachment. The fan shall include minimum four (4) guy wires
attached to the building structure to level and secure fan position.
This should conform IS 302-2-80:2017. The fan shall include two guy
wires per blade to prevent blade separation from the motor housing.
Material of Guy wire shall be Stainless Steel.
7.5 Performance of HVLS Fan:
Performance tests of HVLS fan shall be as per AMCA 230-15. Test
report/certificate in this regard is required.
a) Air Delivery: It is the volume of the air swept out by the fan in one
minute. It is indicated by cubic feet per minute (CFM) or cubic
meter per minute (m3/min).
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9.1.2 Further, the contractor shall submit the available type test reports in
respect of tests listed in the protocol; these reports should pertain to
the systems and sub-systems that are to actually form a part of the
fan to be supplied to IR. The contractor should also submit an action
plan for carrying out the remaining type-tests.
9.2 Routine Testing
9.2.1 At first, the Contractor shall submit a comprehensive routine testing
protocol that includes the tests in the nature of routine tests as are
mentioned in Annexure-3 of this specification and any other relevant
tests, to inspecting authority for approval.
9.2.2 Routine testing entails tests and inspections that are conducted at
the works of manufacturer and/or the works of its key sub-suppliers,
as per the relevant standards.
9.2.3 The purchaser‟s representative/ inspecting authority would have the
right at its discretion, to witness routine test(s) of the complete fan/
its key sub-assemblies, during the fan‟s manufacturing and/or accept
the test results/ reports of their respective manufacturer‟s/ supplier‟s
in-house quality control (reports should be furnished for systems and
sub-systems that are to actually form a part of the fans to be supplied
to IR), as sufficient evidence of the execution of these routine tests.
9.2.4 At least 3 weeks‟ notice shall be given to the purchaser‟s
representative/ inspecting authority to be present for the routine
testing and inspection.
9.3 INSTALLATION AND FINAL ACCEPTANCE INSPECTION/ TESTING
After installation, the fan shall be tested by the contractor in the
presence of the purchaser‟s representative/ inspection authority. The
important tests to be conducted are listed in Annexure-3 of this
specification for guidance. The test protocol will be submitted to
inspecting authority for approval. After satisfactory completion of
inspection/ testing, the purchaser‟s representative/ inspecting
authority will authorize the commissioning of the HVLS fan for public
use by issuing the “HVLS fan installation final acceptance certificate”.
10. WITHDRAWAL OF APPROVAL
Approval granted to the contractor is liable to be withdrawn in the
event of noticing any major change at a later date in the design or
major change from the Bill of Material as approved earlier without
seeking permission of the prototype approving authority or using any
major sub-assembly of inferior specification/ quality, thus
compromising with the reliability.
11. INSTALLATION & COMMISSIONING
11.1 All works at the installation site shall be carried out in accordance with
the standard acceptable methods and practices of installation of fan
and electrical equipment.
11.2 All equipment, sub-assemblies, structures etc. shall be installed as per its
installation instructions.
11.3 Adequate care shall also be taken during installation of the complete
fan to avoid damage to any equipment, sub-assembly or building
structure.
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11.4 Indian Railways will be responsible for major civil work needed for
installation and commissioning of fan at designated location. The
contractor will provide a terminal board near fan and Railways will
provide electrical wiring and earthing (as per IS 3043:2018) up to this
terminal board. Railways will provide site assembly area with proper
power connection as per the extant rules.
12. LABELLING AND MARKING
12.1 All equipment and apparatus, inside or outside the switchboard, including
instruments, meters and relays shall be labelled or marked adequately.
12.2 In addition, warning labels shall be fitted at all points, where the removal
of covers/ panels may expose live equipment, operating above 50V
between circuits or to earth and shall bear the inscription „Danger- Live
Parts‟ in red color that is clearly visible from a viewable distance.
13. PACKING, SHIPPING AND DELIVERY
13.1 All equipment shall be properly inspected before the shipment. An
inspection tag bearing the word “INSPECTED” or “PASSED” giving details
of the inspection date, etc. shall be attached to the Packaged
Consignment. All four sides of the packaged consignment shall contain
details of the Consignee & Consignor.
13.2 Appropriate caution notices such as “Fragile” or “Handle with care” etc
shall be displayed on the outside surface of the boxes, crates and
packages.
13.3 The Contractor shall be responsible for the safe transportation and
delivery of materials to the location, as specified by the purchaser.
13.4 Each HVLS fan should be equipped with all required accessories.
14. ON-SITE SUPPORT TO CONTRACTOR
14.1 The purchaser/ user railways would extend facilities on free-of-charge
basis, to the contractor for storing the product, installation, testing and
commissioning equipment/tools/accessories, etc., at a suitable
location, as close as possible to the installation site.
15. WARRANTY
15.1 The contractor shall be responsible for any damage to equipment
provided in the fan, due to defective design, materials, workmanship for
a period as prescribed by purchaser. The contractor shall attend to the
complaint (including replacement of defective components, if required)
within the time as prescribed by purchaser from the time of receipt of
complaint at his own cost.
15.2 The period of warranty will be extendable in case of recurring problems
of defective design, material or manufacturing. The contractor shall
warrant that everything to be furnished hereunder shall be free from all
defects and faults in material, workmanship and manufacture and shall
be of the highest grade and consistent with established and accepted
standards of material of the type ordered and in full conformity with
specifications and drawings. The contractor‟s liability in this respect of
any complaints, defects and /or claim shall be limited to furnishing and
installation of replacement parts, free of any charge. The warranty
clause in commercial agreement, if any, shall prevail.
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15.3 The contractor shall be responsible for carrying out all the
modifications at his cost on any part of the equipment during the
period of warranty required for satisfactory operation of the equipment
as per technical specification. For any technical decision the final
authority will be consignee Railway.
15.4 All the replacements and repairs, that the purchaser shall call upon the
contractor to deliver or perform under this warranty, shall be delivered
and performed by the contractor promptly and satisfactory.
15.5 The warranty period would cover comprehensive maintenance inclusive
of all spares, material and labour cost.
15.6 During warranty period, in case the HVLS fan becomes non-functional
due to any manufacturing defect, then the HVLS fan would be
considered under breakdown and the contractor would be required to
rectify the defects.
15.7 The consignee shall ensure that the records of breakdown are
maintained on a shift basis.
15.8 The contractor shall ensure that in case a failure is reported by a
consignee, qualified Service Engineers shall visit the site within the time
period as prescribed by purchaser. Complaints shall be lodged by
consignee by fax, phone, e-mail or per bearer at address given by the
contractor.
16. AFTER SALES SERVICE
16.1 The bidder shall indicate in the offer, the facilities available with the
bidder or local agent for providing the required after sale service during
warranty and post warranty periods. The bidder will also mention
service organizations located in India and the availability of trained
staff and maintenance spares etc.
16.2 The contractor shall ensure that, in case a consignee reports a failure,
qualified service engineers visit the site within the time period as
prescribed by purchaser. Consignee shall log complaints by fax, phone,
e-mail or per bearer at address given by the contractor. The
responsibility to keep the current failure reporting address details will
rest with the consignee. All the essential equipment required to attend
the failure shall be arranged by the contractor.
17. MAINTENANCE
17.1 The contractor shall provide free-of-charge, maintenance service (and
all the works specified) including required spares, for the specified
warranty period.
17.2 During the warranty period, the above maintenance service shall
include all preventive, scheduled and corrective maintenance and
additionally, all service-request calls made by the purchaser/ user
railways.
17.3 For this, the contractor would be required to provide a comprehensive
maintenance and service plan, for review and acceptance by the
purchaser or his authorized representative.
17.4 The maintenance work-system shall ensure safety of the personnel and
equipment.
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17.5 In the event of any failure, requiring design modifications, etc. in the
HVLS fan, the contractor shall undertake to submit its details to
inspecting authority and purchaser for review. On reaching consensus
and post-modification, the contractor shall undertake fresh testing and
re-commissioning, if required.
18. TRAINING PROGRAM
The contractor shall fit in all training instructions/ demonstrations for
correct operation and maintenance of the HVLS fan into a one-day self-
contained training program. The training programme(s) will be held at
contractors‟ head office or at any other location as agreed between
Railway administration and the contractor.
18.1 Operators’ Training
The contractor shall provide the necessary Operators‟ Training to the
purchaser‟s authorized/ designated staff as per the formal Training
Program designed for this purpose. This shall enable them to carry out
the normal/ rescue operations under normal/ emergency situations
respectively as well as minor repairs by themselves.
18.2 Maintenance Training
The contractor shall provide the necessary maintenance training to the
purchaser‟s authorized/ designated staff as per the formal Training
Program designed for this purpose. This shall enable them to perform
minor and non-specialized maintenance of the HVLS fan.
19. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALS
19.1 The contractor shall provide operations and maintenance manuals, for
the use by the supervisory, operating and technical staff of the
purchaser.
19.2 Each manual shall be divided into indexed sections explaining the
subject matter in logical steps. Soft copy of manuals should be in
searchable PDF format. The soft copy should be such that, if required
by the Railways, multiple copies can be made from the original soft
copy of manual.
19.3 The operations manual shall contain the principle and operations‟
details of the HVLS fan under the normal and emergency conditions.
19.4 Details of the common faults that might occur in the HVLS fan &/or
any of its key components/ sub-assemblies and their rectification shall
also be included.
19.5 The maintenance manual shall contain the maintenance and servicing
instructions for the HVLS fan along with explanatory notes and
drawings, as necessary.
19.6 The periodic maintenance schedule recommended by the contractor for
the satisfactory performance of the HVLS fan shall also be included.
19.7 A draft of operations and maintenance manual should be submitted to
the purchaser for approval with regard to its completeness and
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ANNEXURE - 1
ANNEXURE - 2
DETAILED TESTING & INSPECTION PLAN
Type of Where Frequency When On What Who Conducts Final Action
Inspection/
Testing
Type Testing of Relevant Once in every 5 Latest before Complete Inspecting
complete Fan manufacturer or years Commissioning HVLS fan authority as per
supplier‟s of the first fan contract.
works/ Third
party
Type Testing of Relevant For each Latest before Fan‟s key - National/
Sub-systems manufacturer/ contract. For Commissioning Sub- International
supplier‟s repeat of the first fan assemblies. accredited
works/ contracts, if testing
- Third party there is a design Authority/ Lab.
change or if - Inspecting
Inspecting
reliability is authority may
authority will
below the target. accept certified
issue “type test
copies of above
clearance”.
Type Test
certificates, in-
lieu of actual
tests.
- Inspecting
authority may
choose to be
present himself
to witness any
test, at its own
discretion.
Routine testing Relevant Each order and During Fan‟s Key -Relevant Inspecting
manufacturer/ each fan manufacturing Sub- contractor, by authority will
supplier‟s works assemblies their in-house QC. issue “fan‟s
routine testing
Page 19 of 26 Effective from: Specification no. IS/RDSO-PSE/1002:2023
approval
certificate”.
Pre-dispatch Fan Offered dispatch Before dispatch Complete fan Purchaser‟s Inspecting
verification of Contractor‟s Lot of the complete kit. representative/ authority will
packing list works HVLS fan to Inspecting issue “Dispatch
installation site authority. approval
certificate”.
Final acceptance At the Each order and After installation Complete Contractor in Purchaser/
inspection/ installation site each fan & commissioning fan. presence of Inspecting
testing of the complete purchaser‟s authority will
fan & after all representative/ issue “final
the above Inspecting acceptance
mentioned tests authority. certificate”.
are satisfactorily
completed.
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ANNEXURE-3
1. One complete HVLS fan shall be made available for type testing. The
selected HVLS fan shall be representative of the types to be supplied.
2. Complete HVLS fan system including drive system, in addition to the
controller, enclosures, protection devices and mounting structures
shall be assembled on a test rig to undergo comprehensive running
and functional testing to verify compliance with the specification.
3. The tests shall include the following minimum requirements:
a) Verification of the suitability of the drive system.
b) Measurement/ calculation of input voltage, current, frequency
input electrical power, air flow rate(cfm), efficacy (cfm/watt)
under various operating speeds (refer clause no. 7.5).
c) Verification of the fault indication and fault diagnosis features.
d) Verification of the construction of the control panels.
# For certain tests, the type testing authority may choose to rely upon
previous type test reports/conformance certificates, as long as they
pertain to similar design and comparable rating. However, the
manufacturer cannot demand this as a matter of right.
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c. Dynamic test:
i) No load current and speed shall be
recorded at rated voltage and frequency
for the windings.
ii) Temperature rise test on full load shall
be carried out on the windings. Voltage
shall be 230V/400V as designed.
Frequency shall be as rated.
iii) Ambient temperature, casing
temperature, input power voltage, and
current shall be recorded at 15-minute
intervals for the first two hours and 30-
minute intervals subsequently until
temperature levels off.
iv) When the temperature has levelled off,
the motor shall be switched off and the
winding temperature rise shall be
established using the resistance method
as specified in IS 15999/IEC 60034-1.
v) The voltage, current, power, efficiency,
power factor vs. torque characteristics
shall be drawn from the results
obtained.
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5. IP protection 1 unit Test certificate (cl. no. 7.2.4 & 7.3.5 of this
for all spec)
applicable
items
6. Over speed 1 unit Test certificate
protection
7. Materials 1 unit Test certificate of blade & strut‟s material
used (cl. no. 7.1.1 & 7.1.3 of this specification)
10. Noise/ sound 1 unit <45db (as per cl. no. 6.2 of this spec)
level
11. Reversible 1 unit Functional test (cl. no. 6.1 of this
operation specification)
12. Visual checks 1 unit It should be free from any defects and it
should have good workmanship.
# For certain tests, the type testing authority may choose to rely upon
previous type test reports/conformance certificates, as long as they
pertain to similar design and comparable rating. However, the
manufacturer cannot demand this as a matter of right.
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ANNEXURE - 3; contd…
Part B: Routine Tests
Annexure-3; contd…
Part C1: Acceptance checks (Site Checking and Inspection)
A test and inspection protocol shall be prepared for acceptance test. Following
are the minimum requirements:
a) Erection of mounting structures and supporting wires.
b) Positioning of machine equipment and control cubicles;
c) Installation of wiring and cabling
d) Earthing and bonding checks
Part C2: Final Acceptance Inspection & Testing
S. No. HVLS fan’s Parameter/ Scope of Test
Feature to be
Inspected/ Tested
1. Starting current, Readings shall be taken at the rated speed
running current and of each HVLS fan.
supply voltage
2. Power factor >0.95 (As per cl. no. 6.3 of this
specification)
3. Emergency stop and In event of power failure and/ or fire, the
Fire operation fan should be off automatically.
(cl. no. 7.3.9 & 7.3.10 of this specification)
4. Communication facility Functional tests
test i.e. SCADA
(cl. no.7.3.13 of this specification)
interfacing feature etc.
5. Continuous running Functional test:
test
Run for 12 hrs. continuously. Check for
temperature of motor, any abnormal sound
etc.
6. Safety checks as per IS i. Protection against access to live parts
302-2-80
ii. Power input and current
iii. Heating
iv. Leakage current and electric strength at
operating temperature
v. Moisture resistance
vi. Leakage current and electric strength
vii. Provision for earthing
7. Visual check It should be free from any defects and it
should have good workmanship.
Training programs contribute significantly by equipping operators with the necessary skills for HVLS fans' efficient operation and maintenance. These programs ensure that personnel understands the technical aspects and safety protocols, reducing the risk of user errors and enhancing operational efficiency .
The extension of the warranty period is significant as it holds the contractor accountable for recurring design or material defects beyond the initial warranty duration. It impacts the contractor's obligations by requiring them to address these defects, ensuring all furnished materials and workmanship are free from faults, consistent with standards, and undergo necessary modifications to meet operational specifications .
The document addresses electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues by requiring compliance with standards like BS EN 61000-6-3:2021 for EMI. It ensures that the HVLS fan systems maintain functional integrity without impacting other electronic systems, thereby enhancing the overall system reliability and safety .
Environmental tests are crucial in quality assurance as they assess the control cards' resilience under varying environmental conditions, ensuring that they function optimally and meet specifications regarding performance and durability. This helps in identifying potential failures before deployment, thereby enhancing the reliability of HVLS fans .
The routine testing protocol ensures reliability by requiring comprehensive inspections, including tests listed in Annexure-3, to verify compliance with standards during manufacturing. The purchaser's representatives play a critical role by having discretionary rights to witness these tests or accept reports as adequate proof of testing, ensuring that the fans delivered are up to standard .
The 'Installer's responsibility for fraud in workmanship' clause implies strict accountability for any disparities between the delivered work and contractual expectations. It ensures compliance by mandating corrective actions by the installer at their own cost if workmanship or material quality is compromised, thereby safeguarding the purchaser's interests and maintaining trust in the contractor's integrity .
The after-sales service framework is effective as it obliges the contractor to provide timely support, including maintenance and repair services, ensuring operational efficiency. It mandates prompt response for reported failures, supply of spare parts, and regular service provisions under warranty, fostering sustained performance and minimizing downtime .
The rationale is to prevent accidents and equipment damage by ensuring all maintenance activities prioritize safety. This is crucial for minimizing risks associated with electrical operations and mechanical failures, thus protecting personnel from electrical shock and ensuring the equipment's long-term reliability and efficiency .
Integration of testing protocols in installation ensures operational safety by requiring comprehensive checks like earthing and bonding, emergency stops, and SCADA interfacing tests. This prevents potential operational hazards by verifying that all components work harmoniously under safe conditions, ensuring that the fans meet safety and performance standards before public use .
Labelling and marking enhance safety and transparency by clearly indicating equipment specifications, ensuring proper identification, and providing warning labels like 'Danger - Live Parts' on potentially hazardous components. This prevents accidental exposure or mishandling, thus safeguarding users and technicians against electrical hazards .









