Chapter 8 Exponential and logarithmic functions test questions
Student name:
1 Write each expression as an integer or fraction.
a 43 b 29 c 104 d 16-1
e 5-2 f 2-2 g 3-5 h 330
() ( ) ()
3 −1 −2
3 6 2 1
i j k l 9 2
4 11 3
( )
1
1 2 3 25 2
m ( 64 ) 3 n 27 3 o 16 2 p
81
( ) ( ) ( ) ( 125 )
0 −1 −2 −2
13 49 2 27 3 64 3
q r s t
62 16 8
2 Write each expression in index form
1 8 −2
a
y
b
x
2 c
x
d √2 x
2
−5 y
e 2 √ 81 x f g h −2 x √ y
√y x
3
3 Simplify:
( ) ( )
5 6 1
3 6 2 1 27 r 3
a (x ) b 6 c ( 36 x ) d 8 2
9
b t
4 Simplify each expression, leaving the answer in index form.
3 2 4 2 3 3 3 2 3 −1 −2
a x y ×x y b 12 x y z ×3 x y c 2 x y ×4 x y
2 −3 3 −3 −4 2 3 3 −4 −2 −3 2
d 3 a b c ×a b c e x y ÷xy f 16 x y ÷4 x y
1 −1 4 4 4 2 3
g m 3 n 3 × m 3 n3 h ( 3 s2 t ) × ( 5 s 4 ) i ( 3 x 3 y −3 ) ÷ ( 3 x−1 y )
5 Solve each equation for x.
x 1 x 1
a x
4 =64 b
x
2 =32 c 9= d 3=
9 27
() ()
x x
1 1 2 27
e = f = g x
36 =6 h 81 =3
x
5 25 3 8
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6 Rewrite each logarithmic equation as an index equation and solve it for x .
1
a x=log 2 4 b x=log 4 16 c x=log 10 1000 d x=log 6
6
1
e x=log 9 f x=log 43 1 g x=log 25 5 h x=log 3 √ 3
81
1 1
i 3=log 4 x j −1=log 21 x k =log 9 x l =log 64 x
2 3
1 1
m 2¿ log x 121 n 2=log x 100 o −1=log x p =log x 64
9 2
7 Use the log laws and identities to simplify:
a log 20 4 +log 20 5 b log 4 16 +log 4 4 c log 10 20+ log10 5 d
1
log 6 108−log 6 3 e log 9 + log 9 648 f log 4 5−log 4 80
8
8 Write each expression in terms of log a x , log a y , log a z .
xy 1
a log a xyz b log a c log a x
2
d log a 4
z z
3
y
e log a x y z
2 −1
f log a 2 4 g log a y √ x h log a √ xyz
x z
9 Between which two consecutive integers do the following logarithms lie?
a log 10 65 b log 2 20 c log 5 104 d log 15 998
e log 10 0.0002 f log 10 0.8 g log 2 0.5 h log 8 0.2
10 Use a calculator, and the change-of-base formula if necessary, to approximate these
logarithms, correct to four significant figures.
a log 10 615 b log 10 0.055 c log 6 75 d log 3 500
e log 5 0.365 f log 0.01 8 g log 0.5 15 h log 0.86 0.0003
11 Use logarithms to solve these index equations, correct to four significant figures.
x x x x
a 4 =98 b 2 =0.045 c 9 =440 d 3 =0.88
x 1 x 1
e 1.05 =6
x
f x
1.01 =0.6 g 0.75 = h 0.99 =
15 600
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12 a Sketch on one set of axes y=2x , y =2− x , y=−2 x ∧ y=−2−x .
b Sketch on one set of axes y=3 x ∧ y =log 2 x.
c Sketch on one set of axes y=2x , y =2x −1∧ y=2 x + 2
13 The number of bacteria growing in a Petri dish is doubling every five hours. Initially
there were 100 bacteria.
n
a Explain why the formula for the population P after n hours is p=100 × 2 5 .
b How many bacteria are there after:
i 15 hours ii 16 hours
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Chapter 8 Exponential and logarithmic functions test answers
1
1 a 64 b 512 c 10000 d
16
1 1 1
e f g h 1
25 4 243
27 11 9
i j k l 3
64 6 4
5
m 4 n 9 o 64 p
9
4 4 25
q 1 r s t
7 9 16
1
−1
2 a y b 8 x−2 c −2 x
−1
d √2x2
1 −1 1
2 −3
e 18 x 2 f −5 y 2 g y x h −2 x y 2
2
18
32 4 3r
3 a x b 30 c 6x d 3
b t
7 3 4 5 3 4 −1 −7
4 a x y b 36 x y z c 8 xy d 3a b c
5
−1 −4 16 4
e x f 4x y g m3 n h 2025 s t
−1 6 −6
i 9 x y
5 a 3 b 5 c −1 d −3
1 1
e 2 f −3 g h
2 4
6 a 2 b 2 c 3 d −1
1 1
e −2 f 0 g h
2 2
1
i 64 j k 3 l 4
21
m 11 n 10 o 9 p 4096
7 a 1 b 3 c 2 d 2
e 2 f −2
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8 a log a x +log a y + log a z b log a x +log a y−log a z c
2 log a x d −4 log a z e
2 log a x−log a y + log a z f −2 log a x+ 3 log a y−4 log a z g
1 1
log a x +log a y h (log a x+ log a y+ log a z)
2 2
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9 a 1, 2 b 4, 5 c 2,3 d 2, 3
e -4, -3 f −1 , 0 g -1 exactly h −1 , 0
10 a 2.789 b −1.260 c 2.410 d 5.657
e −0.626 f −0.452 g −3.907
h 53.78
11 a 3.307 b −4.474 c 2.770 d
−0.116
e 36.72 f −51.34 g 9.413 h 636.5
12 a
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b
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13 a Initially at time n=0 the number of bacteria is 100. This population doubles
n
every 5 hours, hence we need to multiply 100 by 2 5 where n is the number of
hours
b i 800
ii 919
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