Chapter One

(Introduction)
Chapter One
Blood Bank Connection System

1.1 Overview

The revelation of information technology has changed many things in our lives, it has
changed the way we live, the way we think, the way we behave, the way we work, the
way we enjoy, the way we learn, the way we deal with other people, environments,
cultures and everything has changed after the revelation of information technology.
Information technology has served the humanity in all fields of life, such as education,
medicine, management, politics, industry, economic, communication, entertainment,
commercial, and all fields of life without exception and facilitates the services to human
in all these fields.
1.2 Description of the current system
During the first (‫ )ميدانية‬visit for the team work project to the national center for blood
transfer and its researches and some blood bank branches in public hospitals such as
(AL-Thowrah hospital ,Al-Kwait hospital and AL-Jomhori hospital) and some other
private hospitals such as (AL-Motawakel hospital).
We noticed that the system mechanism that these hospitals and centers work with is a
traditional system (manual) by using the manual records, papers and documents in the
operations of registering the blood ,organizing it and storing it when taken it from the
donor and registering their data, and when giving it to patients and registering their data.
Also, organizing the blood depending on its group. All these are done on in manual
records and papers and in a routine form like the rest of the traditional systems.
In this section we go in more details about the mechanism work in the blood banks.

1.2.1 Mechanism work in blood bank for AL-Kwait hospital:-

In this blood bank the work is done with tow records.

The first record (withdrawal record) in this record they register the amount of blood
entering the bank from the donor and the donor data.
When a donor come to donate blood, first the specialist check its blood and register
the amount of blood that the donor wants to donate it (number of cases), the kind of
blood (its group), donor data, date and some other data then the blood is transferred to
laps for checkups and splitting it to its components after that they number the cases
from one to thousand by the date, then storing it and organizing it in the freezer
depending on to the group of blood and the date (expiration date).

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Blood Bank Connection System
The second record (grant record) in this record they register the amount of blood
that they grant to patients.
When a patient come to blood bank in the hospital with prescription from the
specialist doctor in the operations.
This prescription contains the amount of blood the patient needs and the group of
blood and some other checkups, the specialist in the blood bank search about the
request of patient in the freezer that are special for storing the blood, if the request is
existed the specialist ask the patient who needs the blood to give alternative blood or
guarantee such as ( care card or personal identity) until he gives donor to donate
blood instead of the blood he toke . If the patient doesn't have and any guarantees in
that moment and he is in emergency case and needs the blood , the specialist contact
with operations room and the specialist doctor to check if the operation really in that
moment they give the patient the blood immediately if existed without any guarantee,
but if the operation after an hour and more from that time they ask for guarantees and
when they give the blood they register the amount of blood granted to patient, group
of blood, date, patient data and some other data.
All these are done if the request of the patient is existed in this blood bank.
But if the request of the patient is does not existed in the blood bank of the hospital,
the specialist in this blood bank use the phone to contact with central blood bank or
any other hospitals or centers to check if the request is existed.
The specialist gives the patient (‫ )ارسالية‬to the side that the request exists in, regardless
about the distance between the position of the patient and this side.
The patient then goes to take the blood from that side.
But in some situations the phone lines are busy or no one answer the call, in this case
the patient takes care of himself and look for what he needs by himself.
This mechanism is done in most of the hospitals (public, private) and centers that
serve the blood with some simple differences but the primary operations and work are
the same and are done in the same way.

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Blood Bank Connection System

1.2.2 problems of the current system:-

During out visit (team work project) to national center for blood transfer and its
researches and some other blood banks branches in different hospitals, we observed
the work and how it is done during our interviews for some normal employees and
some patients and as we mentioned the system still manual it faces a lot of problems
as any other manual system.
Some of these problems as follow:
1- Difficulties in knowing the location of blood or specific group of blood that
exist in the other banks, when this desired blood not existed in the blood bank
that needs this request, because there is no shared database between these
banks and this make it difficult and take long time for patient to get the blood
that he needs.
2- Difficult to know the amount of blood that exists in blood bank without
looking at the freezers that store the blood.
3- There is no coordinates in amount of blood registered in records with what is
existed in the freezers.
4- There is no corporation between the national center for blood transfer and its
researches and the blood bank branches that exist in hospitals and also no
corporation between blood bank branches themselves.
5- Losing a lot of time in the query about blood because the query or search
about the blood is done manually.
6- The existing of special group of blood in some hospitals or centers, on the
other hand other hospitals is indeed for this blood group.
7- Difficulties in searching of data either for blood that enter the blank or the
blood that gets out of the bank (donor data, patient data, blood amount …….).
8- Errors that happen from employees during registering the data in manual
records.
9- Difficulties in making periodic reports about the blood in, or blood out of the
bank or any other data.
10- Probability of spoiling the records because of some disasters (fire, spoiler,
robbery).
11- Losing or mixing in data because some errors from some employees happen
unintentional.

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Blood Bank Connection System
12- Limited security, privacy and safety for the data and sometimes losing it.

1.3 Objectives
Because of the problems that the system face we will try to solve some of these problems
during the system that we will design and it will enhance the work and achieves goals:-
1- Using electronic system instead of the manual system.
2- Remove the errors that exist in the manual system.
3- Achieves all the needs for the organization that use the system.
4- Fast service and easy reporting.
5- Easy of search and query.
6- Accuracy and improve the performance of work.
7- Building flexible and reliable system.
8- Easy insertion, deleting, updating, storing of data.
9- Offering security and privilege.
And the primary goal that we want to achieve it during this system is to offer the service
and the health care to patient and enhance it, especially in the emergency cases that may
cause someone's life in some situations.
Also, during this system we hope to serve this country that is rich for our heats by
offering such electronic system like this that enhance the performance of the institutions
and all these serve the citizens and decrease the management corruption that exists in the
manual systems and keep up with the technology.

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Blood Bank Connection System

1.4 Benefits

1- Achieve all the goals.

2- Speed and fast to get the information.
3- Saving time, effort and money.
4- Easy of the knowing the places that the blood exist in from any sides that are
connected to the network.
5- Saving the effort for patient in searching about blood in different hospitals or
centers.
6- The corporation between the blood banks that are connected to network and this
facilitate for patient in getting the blood that he needs.
7- Easy of inventory and knowing the amount of blood that are found and that are on
or out of the bank.
8- Organizing the work mechanism in a better form.
9- Improve the level of health.
10- Eliminate the needs for phones in the operation of query about the blood between
hospitals and blood banks.

1.5 Properties of the proposed system

The system that we will apply, is connecting network between blood banks in hospitals
with central blood bank and making a standard system for this blood banks for query
about the blood and its group that exist in any one of these blood banks that are
connecting to the network.
The idea of the system is connecting group of blood banks in hospitals and any blood
center using telecommunication network that connect these centers to a central server.
In this server there is database that contains specific data with specific privileges about
blood, its group and its amount that exist in blood banks branches in hospital and any
centers specialist (‫ )متخصص‬for blood and its transfer want to corporate and share this
network.
All these serve the patient basically and facility the work for the employees in these
centers by using and dealing with electronic system to register and store data about the
blood and removing the manual records and its costs, because these centers and sides that
connect to the network deal with security and privacy, the network will be corporation for
query about blood just and every center or side will have its own data in local database.

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Blood Bank Connection System
So, network will not be for management work, financial work or employee affairs and
there is no need for any side of network to follow the administration in its work.
The network just facilitate for the patient to get the blood when he needs it and from the
closest point from its position.
During this electronic system, when the specialist employee in any side or branch
connected to the network query about any specific group of the blood or any request for
any patient, first check the request in its local private database, if the request not exist he
or she send request through the network to the central server and query about the request
of patient.
The server reply with list of all sides that have the request without the amount of blood
that exist in any one of these sides for privacy, then the patient can specify the closest
side and get the blood.
Also through the system every side in the network has profile in the central server and
share the network with specific shared data (amount , blood group) and update the profile
through the system and network periodically when any side get blood or give blood and
update the profile with everything new in that side, beside this service that the system and
network offer every side or branch will have its own private database to store and register
its own data about blood , donor, patient that will not be shareable but the system will be
standard for all these sides that are connected to the network .

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Blood Bank Connection System

1.6 Scope
The scope of the proposed system will be every blood bank in any public hospitals,
private hospitals or any center specialist in blood and its transfer want to share and
connect to a corporation network between them for query about the blood and connect
these sides to central server or central blood bank that will be any one of these sides, and
this center will supply the other sides with the data about the places that the blood exist
in, through an electronic system and network that use telecommunication company to
connect these sides to a central server. Beside this network connection there will be a
standard system that hold donor date, blood data, patient data and some other data.
This system is corporative system between the hospitals and a central blood bank and
between the hospitals themselves and any blood centers want to corporate with these
hospitals and share the network for just query about blood and not for management works
or employees affaires beside that making standard system to serve blood bank in
performing their work.
Basically, we will build the network for five points or sides (blood banks) that we visited.
1- AL-Thowrah hospital.
2- Al-Kwait hospital.
3- AL-Jomhori hospital.
4- AL-Motawakel hospital.
5- National Center For Blood Transfer.

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Blood Bank Connection System

1.7 Summery about documentation of the project

Chapter 1:-
This chapter contain:-
Overview, description about the current system of blood bank, problems that
system face, objectives of the organization that needs to achieve, benefits,
description of the new proposed system and its scope.
Chapter 2:-
In this chapter we describe:-
Computer, history of computers, importance of computers, networks, history of
networks, history of blood bank and blood bank mechanism work.
Chapter 3:-
In this chapter we define:-
Feasibility study (Technical feasibility, financial feasibility, Operational
feasibility), cost of the system, project plan, Methods of information gathering
Chapter 4:-
In this chapter we describe:-
Overview of requirements, specifying the Requirements for the proposed system,
Functional requirements, Non-functional requirement, activity of the system and
services of the system.
Chapter 5:-
In this chapter we clarify the:-
Entity relationship diagram, relationship between entities and the relations of the
entities.
Chapter 6:-
In this chapter we describe:-
Graphical representation of the system during the Data flow diagram (DFD), data
movement between processes, data stores context diagram, data structure and
description of each data element.
Chapter 7:-
In this chapter we describe:-
Tools of building the system, the physical design of the system (User interfaces,
database, tables and system reports), the design of the network and process
specification.
Chapter 8:-
In this chapter we describe:-
Executing the system, implementing the system, insulting the system, source code
of the system , instructions of using the system, Algorithms of the system and
flowchart of algorithms.

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Blood Bank Connection System
Chapter 9:-
In this chapter we enumerate:-
Summary, consequences, suggestion, recommendation and conclusion.
References:-
In this paper we list the references that we used in our project.
Appendix:-
In this part we include:-
Results of interviews, ‫النزول الميداني‬, consequences and documents that blood banks
use in there works.

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