Professional AutoCAD

CAD: - Computer Aided Drawing / Drafting / Designing.

Drawing – Free Hand Sketch

Drafting – Technical Drawings with Dimension.

Designing – Innovation with Dimensions.

CAD is a Technology Concerned with The Creations, Modification & Optimisation of

Design.

Software Used, e.g.: - AUTOCAD, REVIT, CIVIL3D, 3DSMAX, GOOGLE

SKETCH UP, CREO etc.

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CAE: - Computer Aided Engineering.
CAE Helps in Testing of Materials & Analysis of Structure.
Software Used E.g.: - STAADPRO, ETABS, SAP2000, TACKLA, ANSYS,
REVIT Etc.

CAM: - Computer Aided Manufacturing.

CAM Involves in Complete Manufacturing Process of Designed & Analysed
Product.
Software Used E.g.: - CAT1A, NXCAM, 3D Printing Etc.

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 Product Design Cycle
• Customer’s Requirement. (By Market Survey)
• Conceptual Design. (Rough Sketch).
• CAD Technology. (By Using, Let AUTOCAD).
• CAE Technology. (By Using, Let ANSYS).
• Drafting & Detailing (By Using, Let AUTOCAD) (Drawing Given to Manufactures
for Production).
• Cam Technology.
• Supply of Goods.

Construction Cycle
• Conceptual & Detailed Design (2nd Drawings Like, Plan, Section, Elevation.)
• Modelling (Visualization) (3d Elevation, 3d Models, Walk Through).
• CAE Technology (Analysis of Structure).
• Documentation (Estimation, B.O.M. Bill of Materials).
I. Construction.

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 Definition Of AUTOCAD: -
AUTOCAD Is a Toolset or Say Package Which Is Developed By “Autodesk” A
U.S.A. Based Company. They Provide Us Lots of Command with The Help of
It We Can Draw Any Type of Technical Designs, Such as Civil Architectural
Design, Fabrication Design, Machine Design, Interior Design, Electrical Circuit
& Many More.

 Advantage Of AUTOCAD :-
I. AutoCAD Improves The Accuracy Of Design.
II. It Maintains The Standard.
III. Customer Modifications Are Easier To Handle.
IV. Better Storage Capacity & Easy To Transfer.
V. Shorter Leads Time but Depend Upon Working Speed & Creativity.

 History & Versions Of AutoCAD :-

• AutoCAD Was 1st Launched In The Year 1982, As R1 (Release 1) Makes Only With
DOS.
• Founds Of AutoCAD, John Walks.
• Now A Days AutoCAD Running with Window Based Operating System.
• Latest Version of (AutoCAD 2020).

 Opening An AutoCAD :-
Graphical User Interface.

Primary Settings: -

Commands.
1. Units/Un (Alias – Kind Of Pet Name)
I. Length :-
a. Decimal (10.5)
1
b. Fractional (10 )
2

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c. Architectural (10’ ”)
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d. Engineering (10’2.5”)
e. Scientific (Formula Based) (For Very Small & Very Lengths).

Purism: - 0.0000 (Just For Practice May Be Changed).

II. Angle :-
Decimal Degree
Deg/Min/See
Grads
Radius
Surveyors’ Unit
III. Insertion Scale – Millimetre
If – Decimal: - Millimetre, Meter, Cm, Km.
If – Arch/Eng.:- Feet, Inches.
IV. Lighting – International or Any Other.
V. Direction – Base Angle – Always EAST (For Easiness).
VI. Clockwise – Always Unchecked.

2. LIMITS
: - It Sets Our Working Area in A Rectangular as Square Shape.

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 (Limits Setting For A4 Paper Sheet Size 210×297mm).

LIMITS:-
Specify Lower Left Corner or [ON/OFF] <0.0000, 0.0000>:0,0
Specify Upper Right Corner <12,9>: 210,297

3. GRID :-
It Shows Our Working Area.

Specify Grid Spacing (X) or [ON/OFF/SNAP/MAJOR/Optics/Follow/Aspect] <0.5>:

LIMITS

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Display Grid beyond Limits [Yes/No]: No

1. ZOOM/Z :-
It Controls Display Of Our Drawing Dynamically In Real Time.
[All/Centre/Dynamic/Extend/Previous/Scales/Windows/Object] <Real Time>:
All
2. SAVE (ctrl + S) SAVEAS
It Saves The Current Drawing Under It Saves The Copy Of The Current
A Different File Name Without Drawing Under A New File Name.
Changing Which File Is Current.

 DRAWING TOOLS :-

3. LINE/L :-
i. Default Method :-
Next Point

1st Point

Specify 1st Point: (Click Anywhere On Screen)

Specify Next Point or [Undo]: (Click Anywhere On Screen) (Press Enter To Exit).
ii. Absolute Coordinate Method (x, y) :-
Specify 1st Point : 20,20

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 Specify Next Point or [Undo]: 70, 20
Specify Next Point or [Undo]: 70, 50
Specify Next Point or [Undo/Close]: 20, 50
Specify Next Point or [Undo/Close]: 20, 20

iii) Relative Polar Coordinate Method (@Length < Angle)

Specify 1st Point: 20,20 or Click
Specify Next Point or [Undo]: @50<0
Specify Next Point or [Undo]: @30<90
Specify Next Point or [Undo]: @50<180
Specify Next Point or [Undo]: @30<270

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 iii. Relative Rectangular Coordinate Method (@x, y)
Specify 1st point: 20,20
Specify Next Point or [Undo]: @50,0
Specify Next Point or [Undo]: @0,30
Specify Next Point or [Undo/Close]: @-50,0
Specify Next Point or [Undo/Close]: @0,-30

Special Note: - Means Starting From Any Fixed Individual Point.

Your 1st Point Can Never Be From @ Method.

iv) OSNAP/OS :- (F3 – ON/OFF)

Object Snap Or Point Picking Tools.
SUB COMMANDS
i. END POINT
ii. MID POINT
iii. INT POINT (Intersection Point).
iv. CEN POINT (Canter Point).
v. QUA POINT (Quadrant Point).
OS

Dialog Box Appears

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 Then Use LINE
L
Sp. 1st p: 1st Click
Sp. Next: (Click m O Snap Point)

v) MOVE/M :-
Move Command Is Use To Relocate The Object In A Specified Distance
In A Specified Direction.
Select Object: (Select the Object to Be Moved)
Specify Base Point: OSNAP & Click You Base Point.
Specify 2nd Point:
Case-I:-

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 Case-II: -
Select Object: (Select the Object to Be Moved)
Sp. Base Point: End of Point B
Sp. 2nd Point: @100<0

vi) ERASE/E: -
Select Objects: (Select Your Object To Be Erased).

vii) CIRCLE/C: -
Circle Command Is Used To Create A Circle Entity By Using Various
Methods Suitable For Different Situations.
Specify Centre Point for Circle or [3p/2p/Ttr]: Click

Various Circle Creation Methods.

Circle Definition Example
Created
Method
[Link]- Create A Circle
Radius By Specifying A
Centre Point
And Radius.

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[Link]- Create A Circle
Diameter By Specifying A
Centre Point
And Diameter.
3. 2-Point Creates A Circle
By Specifying
Two Ends
Points Of The
Diameter.
4. 3-Point Creates A Circle
By Specifying
Three Points On
The
Circumference.
5. Tangent- Creates A Circle
Tangent By Specifying
Radius Two Tangent
Exlities And
Radius. (Radius
Must Be Known
To You.)

viii) Donut/Do: -
Specify Inside Dia. Of Donut: 10
Specify Outside Dia. Of Donut: 20

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Specify Centre Point for Donut: Click

ix) OFFSET/O: - Offset Command Is Used To Create Parallel Lines & Parallel
Waves, Concentric Circles From The Existing Geometry.
Specify Offset Distance or [Through/Erase/Layer] <Through>: 25
Select Object To Offset: (Select You Source Object.)
Specify Point On Side To Offset: Click On Either Side.

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x) TRIM/TR: - It Shortens An Object Or Objects But Required Cutting Edge
Or Intersection Point.
Select Object or <Select All>: [Crossing/Project/Edge/Erase/Undo] :( Select Area to
Be Trimmed).

xi) Extend/Ex: - Extend Command Elongates an Object to A Boundary.

Select Object Or <Select All>: (Black Enter)
[Fennel Crossing/Project/Edge/Undo] :( Select Area To Be Extended) (Select From
Lee To Be Extended).

xii) Ortho (F8-On/Off) :-

It Is Just A Mode. (On/Off)

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It Restricts Cursor Movement Horizontally as Well as Vertically.
Now Use Line
Sp. 1st P: Click
Sp. Next P: Ortho (On-F8)

xiii) Rectangle/Rec (Rectangle) :-

Specify 1st Corner Point: Click
Specify Other Corner Point: (@Length, Width) (@X, Y) (50, 30)

xiv) Copy/Co/Cp :-
(Same as Move Command).

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Select Objects: (Select Your Object to Be Copied).
Specify Base Point: (Click Your Base Point).
Specify Second Point: (Click Your 2nd Point Wherever Required).

xv) Mirror/Mi :-

Select Your Object: (Select Source Object)

Sp. 1st Point Of Mirror Line: (Click 1st Point)
Sp. 2nd Point Of Mirror Line: (Click 2nd Point) (Ortho On)
Erase Source Object [Y/N]: N

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xvi) Rotate/Ro: -
Select Object: (Select Object to Rotate)
Sp. Base Point: (Click Your Base Point)
Sp. Rotation Angle or [Copy/Reference]: 45

Rotate/Ro:-
Copy:-

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Rotate/Ro:-
Reference:-

Specify The Reference Angle: (Click 1st & Then 2nd Point In Source Object).
Specify The New Angle Or [Point]: Point.
Specify 1st Point: Click 1st Point In Reference Line.
Specify 2nd Point: Click 2nd Point In Reference Line.

xvii) SCALE/SC :-
It Increases Or Decreases Size Uniformly.
About Scales Used In Eng. Uniformly.
1:1 Full Scale.
1:2 Reducing Scale.
2:1 Enlarging Scale.
Select object: (select)
Specify base point: (click your base point).

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 Specify scale factor or [copy/reference]: 2 (it will just double the dimension).
Case – II

Case – III
SC
Reference

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 Specify The Reference Length: (Click 1st & Then 2nd Point in Source
Object).
Specify the New Length or [Points]: Points
Specify 1st Point: Click 1st Point In Reference Line.
Specify 2nd Point: Click 2nd Point In Reference Line.

CHANGING UNITS:-
a) UNITS
Length – architecture or Eng.
Precsim = (1/4”)
Insertion Scale – inches (smaller unit) or feet
b) LIMITS
L.L.C = 0,0
U.R.C +50’,50’

c) GRID :-
LIMITS
NO
d) ZOOM :-
ALL

xviii) CHAMFER/CHA :-
Select 1st Line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Multiple/Method]: Distance
Specify 1st Chamfer Distance: 10
Specify 2nd Chamfer Distance: 20
Select 1st Line: (Select Your 1st Line)

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 Select 2nd Line: (Select Your 2nd Line)

CASE-II CHAMFER
Polyline (All Corner Together)

Select 2D Polyline or [Distance/Angle/Method]: D

Specify 1st Chamfer Distance: 10
Specify 2nd Chamfer Distance: 10
Select 2D Polyline: (Select Polyline)

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CASE-III CHA

TRIM

xix) FILLET/F :-
Select 1st Object Or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trine/Multiple] : Radius
Specify Fillet Radius: 10
Select1st Object: (Select 1st Line)
Select 2nd Object: (Select 2nd Line)

Case-II F
Polyline
Select 2D Polyline or [Radius]: Radius
Specify Fillet Radius: 10

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 Select 2D Polyline: (Select Rectangle)

Case-III F
TRIM

xx) (DISTANCE) DIST/DI (Osnap Must Be ON)

Specify 1st Point: (Click 1st)
Specify 2nd Point: (Click 2nd)

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 It Shows Following Results
Length = 100
Delta X = 72, Delta Y = 72, Delta Z = 0
Angle in XY Plane = 45 Angle From XY Plane = 0

xxi) PLINE/PL (POLYLINE)

LINE PUNE

It Acts As An Individual Entity. It Acts As A Single Entity.

PL
Specify Start Point: Click
Specify Next Point or [Arc/Width/Half Width/Length/Undo]: 30
Specify Next Point or [A/W/Hw/Length/Undo]: Width
Specify Starting Width: 10
Specify Ending Width: 0
Specify Next Point: 30

xxii) POLYGON/POL :-
(It Creates Regular Polygon)

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 3 Sides – Triangle 4 Sides – Square 5 Sides – Pentagon
(It Creates Regular Polygon From 3 Side To 1024 Sides).

Enter No. Of Sides: 5

Specify Centre of Polygon or [Edge]: (Click or Circle’s Centre Point).
Enter an Option [Inscribe/Circumscribe]: 7
Specify Radius of Circle: 25
PL
Circumscribe (Same As Inscribe)
PL
Edge
Specify 1 Endpoint of Edge: Click
st

Specify 2nd Endpoint of Edge: If Ortho (OFF) (@25<0) or If Ortho (ON) 25

Standard Sizes of Rooms (Residential Purpose)

1. Bedroom Or Master Bedroom
3.0m × 3.6m (Minimum)
3.6m × 3.6m (Average)
4m × 3.6m (Maximum)
2. Kitchen Room
2m × 2.4m (Minimum)
2.4m × 3m (Average)
3m × 3.6m (Maximum)
3. Shower Room Or Bathroom With W.C. (Water Closet)
1.2m × 1.2m (Without W.C.)
1.2m × 1.8m (With W.C.)
1.8m × 1.8m (With W.C.)

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4. Hall

Drawing Room
Living Room Same Size – 3.3m × 3.6m (Avg.)
Dining Room
Dining Room – 2m × 1.75m (Min)
3.3m × 3.6m (Avg.)
5. Pooja Room
1m × 1.2m (Avg.)
0.45 × 1m (min)
6. Stair Width
0.9m Min.
1.2m Avg.
1.8m Max.
7. Doors & Windows
DOORS WINDOWS
Bedroom Door – 1.2×2.1m 0.9m×1.2m – Min.
Kitchen Door – 0.9×2.1m 1.2m×1.2m – Avg.
Bathroom – 0.75×2.1m 1.5m×1.2m – Avg.
1.8m×1.2m – Max

8. Poach Area
According To Parking Vehicles (Car + Bike + Cycle)
1) Car Space – 29 Sq.m (Max.)
2) 2 Scooter – 6 Sq.m
3) 5 Cycles – 7 Sq.m
9. Balcony Width = 1.2m
10. Ventilation
0.35m×0.45m (Min.)
0.45m×0.45m (Avg.)
0.45m×0.6m (Max.)
11. Building Outer Wall Thickness – 9”(Red Brick) Or 8”(Fly Ash) (200mm)
12. Inner wall or partition wall _ 4.5” or 4” (100mm)
13. Stair :- rise = 150mm
Tread = 250mm
14. If, building total height = 3.5m (plinth to slab)

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 Tread = 22 no’s
Rise = 22+1 = 23 No’s

VAASTU FOR RESIDENTIAL

S.N. Structure Position N.E. E S.E. S SW W N.W N

1. Pooja (Mandir) Best Ok × Ok × Ok × Ok
2. Main Entrance Ok Best × × × × × Good
3. Kitchen Danger × Best - × - [Link] ×
4. Kids Bedroom - Ok × - - Ok Ok Ok
5. Bedroom Or Master Danger × × Ok Best Ok × ×
Bedroom.
6. Living Room Ok Ok - Ok × Ok - Ok
7. Study Or Computer Table Ok Ok × Ok - Ok × Ok
8. Staircase Danger × Best Ok - Ok Best ×
9. Bore Hole Best Ok × Danger Danger Danger × Ok
10. Toilet Danger Ok [Link] Ok Danger Ok Best Ok

• Important Technologies

1. CARPET AREA: - Built Up Area – Area of Walls (Outer + Inner)

According To RERA (Real Estate Regulation Act)
Carpet Area – Built Up Area – Area of Outer Walls

2. Built Up Area (B.U.A.) :- Carpet Area + All Wall Areas

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3. Super Build Up Area (S.B.U.A.) :- Built Up Area + Common Amenities
Common Amenities Such As, Left, Lobby, Staircase, Club Hour Sometimes
(Garden & Swimming Pool).
Total Floors (G.F + Upper Floors)
4. FLOOR AREA RATIO (F.A.R.) =
Total Plot Area

Values Ranges From {1-2} For Cities.

5. FLOOR SPACE INDEX (F.S.I.) = F.A.R. × 100

B.U.A.
6. Ground Coverage Or percentage coverage = Total Plot
× 100

According To Durg Nager Nigam

Maximum Ground Coverage & F.A.R.
S. No. Plot Area In Sq. M Max. Ground Coverage F.A.R.
1. Plot Area < 50 Sq. M 75% 1.5
2. (51-100) Sq. M 50% + (Plot Area – 50) × 0.5 1.5
3. (101-200) Sq. M 65% + (Plot Area – 100) × 0.65 1.5
4. (201-500) Sq. M 60% + (Plot Area – 200) × 0.6 1.5
5. Plot Area > 500 Sq. M 50% 1.5
For Example:-
Given: plot size = 10m × 15m & F.A.R. = 1.5
Plot area = 150 sq. m

Ground coverage = 65% + [(plot area – 100) × 0.65]

= 65% of 150 + [(150 – 100) × 0.65]
= 97.5 + [50 × 0.65]
= 130 sq. m
Now By the Formula,
Total Floors Area
F.A.R. =
Total Plot Area
Total Floor Area
1.5 =
150 Sq.m

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 Total Floor Area = 150 × 1.5
= 225 Sq. m
(This Means You Can Cover Ground Floor = 130 Sq. M (Max) & 95 Sq. M at
Upper Floors)
(And Also You May Reduce Ground Floor Coverage < 130 Sq. M & Then
Increase Size at Upper Floors.)

How To Calculate B.U.A. Measurement:-

(All horizontal distance) 10m = 0.2 + 0.2 + 1 + 1 + 0.2 + 0.2

(All vertical distance) 15m = 0.2 + 0.2 + 3 + 1 + 0.2 + 0.2

xxiii) LAYER/LA: - it is used to differentiate object by defining colour, line type,

transparency etc. & you can also modify drawings using layer very easily.

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 LA

Dialog Box Appears

(Click Here)

New Layer

SN. Name Off/On Freeze/Thaw Lock/Unlock Colour Line Type Line Transparency
Weight
1. Wall - - - Red Continuous 0.15 mm 0
2. Due - - - Magenta Continuous Default 0
3. Furniture - - - Blue Continuous Default 50

ON/OFF – It Turns ON Or OFF The Layer.

All Layer Can Be Turn Off.
FREEZE/THAW – Same As ON/OFF.
But Current Layer Cannot Be Frozen.
LOCK/UNLOCK – All Layers Can Be Locked.
You Cannot Modify Locked Layers.

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Dumping Of Layers
1st Select Any Object

Go To Layer Panel Ribbon

Layers Scroll Down

Select Different Layer from Here

xxiv) CHANGE/PROPERTIES/CH/PR :-

1st select any object

Then use CH/PR

Dialog Box appear

(You Can Change Any
Type of
Properties)
1. Layer Type
2. Line Type Scale
3.
4.

xxv) LTS (Line Type Scale) :-

It Globally Controls the Scale Factor of Line Type LTS.
Enter new line type scale factor: (enter value).
____________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Scale = 1 Scale = 5

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 xxvi) MATCHPROP/MA :-
Or PAINTER (In Older Versions).
Select Source Object: (Select)

Cursor Changes

Select destination object: (select another object)

Result: - both object properties matches.

xxvii) ID :-
To know coordinates
Specify a point: click (osnap ON)
Results: X = 20, Y = 20, Z = 0

xxviii) AREA/AA :-

It Is Used to Calculate Any Type of Area Ree, Polyline Circle or Any Other Area.

Specify 1st corner point or [object]: click 1st

Specify next point: click 2nd
& similarly click 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th & 8th.

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 (It calculates area & perimeter of given shape).

Case – II AA <Objects>
Select object: (just requires to select object)

Directly shows
Results: - Area & parameter

xxix) ELLIPSE/EL: -

Specify Axis End Point of Ellipse: (Click 1st Axis End Point)
Specify Other Axis End Point: Ortho ON – 100 (Diameter)
Or
Ortho OFF - @100<0
Specify Distance to Other Axis: 25 (Radius)

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xxx) ARC/A: -

These Are 4 Methods to Create ARC

1) 3 Points :-

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2) Start Centre End: -

3) Start Centre Angle: -

4) Continue Procedure: - 1st Create Any Arc Using Any Other Method Then Use
Arc Continue

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xxxi) ARRAY/AR: - To Do Multiple Copies At A Time.
a. Select Object : Select
Enter Array Type [Rectangular/Path/Polar]: Rectangular
Select Grips to Edit Away or [Count]: Count
Enter No. Of Columns: 6
Enter No. Of Rows: 5
Spacing
Specify the distance between columns: 50
Specify the distance between Rows: 30

Associative
Create Associative Away [Y/N]: Yes
If Yes, All Awaited Items Will Be Selection Together.
No All-Awaited Item Act as An Individual Items.

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 b. ARRAY
POLAR
Sp. Centre Point of Array (Click on Circles Centre Point)
Items
Enter no. Of items: 8

c. Array
Path

Sp. Note: - You Must Know the Distance Between Items.

Select Path Curve: Select Your Path

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Specify the Distance between Items along Path: 250
Specify The No. Of Items:

xxxii) REGEN/RE (regenerating model)

 It Is Used To Recover Red Bubbler In Hatchings.
 It Is Used To Control Smoothness Of Cured Shaper After Contentious Zooming.

How to Recover Errors & To Overcome Hang

a. Deleting Temporary Files
+R TEMP (Select All) Ctrl + A Delete
b. Refreshing Software
+R TREE (Refresh)

xxxiii) HATCH/H: - To Show Materials Patterns We Use Hatches.

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 Pick Internal Points or [Select Object/Setting]: Setting

Dialog Box Appear

Steps:
I. Swatch Click Inside & Select Pattern
II. Angle & Scale
Angle = 90
(Angle Is Used In Only Few Cases)

Scale = <1> References

{Always Keep Scale At 1 Initially & If Needed Then Increase Or
Decrease Value.}
25
10
2
<1>
0.5 (Hit & Trial This Scales)
0.2
0.02
0.01

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III. Boundaries :-
(Click Inside) : Pick Points
: Select Objects
Pick Internal Points: (Click Inside Of Objects) (Accept Hatch)

xxxiv) HATCHEDIT/HE :- (Same As Hatch)

Select Hatch Object: (Select Hatch) Change It.

xxxv) TEXT/ DT :-
Specify Start Point of Text or [Justify/Style]: (Click)
Specify Height: 5 (5mm-7mm)
Specify Rotation Angle of Text: 0

Cursor Comes.
Start Typing (Press Enter To Exit)

xxxvi) TEXTEDIT/DDEDIT/ED :-
Or
(Double Click or Text)
(It Is Used To Edit Text)

xxxvii) STYLE/ST :-
It Is Used To Set Styles in Text.

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 Dialog Box Appears.

NEW Style 1 OK

Style 1:
1. FONT NAME – VERDANA (For Govt.) OR ROMANS Shx

(It Also Show Vertical Text Effect)

2. Paper Text Height –
3. Width Factor – 1
4. Oblique Angle = 15
Style 1 Set Current Yes Close

xxxviii) MTEXT/MT/T :-
Sp. 1st Corner: (Click)
Sp. Other Corner: Click opposite Side

Start Typing

You Can Easily Edit M Text from Current Ribbon Bar

For Editing
1st Select All the Text

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 Go To Ribbon

You Can Change

1. Text Height
2. Font
3. Numbering
4. Symbol & Many More

FUNCTION KEYS (Shortcut Keys)

F1 = Online or Offline Help

F2 = History of Command (On/Off)
F3 = Snap (On/Off)
F4 = 3D Osnap (On/Off) (For 3D)
F5 = Isoplane (For 3D)
F6 = Dynamic UCS (For 3D)
F7 = Grid (On/Off)
F8 = Ortho (On/Off)
F9 = Snap (On/Off)
F10 = Polar Tracking (On/Off)
F11 = Object Snap Tracking (On/Off)
F12 = Dynamic Input (On/Off)

F9 SNAP (On/Off)
Combination with SNAP & GRID
(Restrict Cursor at Specified Distance)
Procedure: - OS
Dialog Box Appear

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 Then Use LINE
Sp. 1 Point: Click
st

Sp. Next Point: Clicking At Specified Grid & Snap Distance.

F10 Polar Tracking

OS

Use Line
Sp. 1st point: click
Sp. Next point: 1st give value let 10 & then track your angle using cursor & then

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 It will track your angle an every multiple of 30
F11 Object Snap Tracking

Sp. 1st P: 1st Just Track Point A Using Cursor & Then Again Track Point B
Using Cursor.
At Last Where (X) Symbols Appear at Exact 1st Of AB .Click there.
F12 Dynamic Input (On/Off)

Method of Selections

1. BLUE CROSSING WINDOW :-

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2. GREEN CROSSING WINDOW :-

3. PREVIOUS/P :- (Sub Command)

Procedure:-
I. 1st Create Any Objects
II. Use M
Select you’re Object: (Select Your Object) Use It.
III. Again use any command where message appears select object :
Let M
Select Object: P
Result: (it will directly select your previously select object.)

xxxix) FILL :- It Is Only A Mode

ON - Filled With Solid Hatch & Show Hatch.
OFF - Filled But Will Not Show.

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xl) EXPLODE/X: -
Rectangle
X Lines

Single object now act as an individual

xli) JOIN/J :-
Lines J Ree

Select source object or multiple objects to join at once:

(Select all).

xlii) Boundary/Bo :-

BO

Dialog Box Appear

Pick Points
(Click inside of this)

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 Pick Internal Point: (Click inside Closed Objects)
It Highlights

Result: - Boundary Created But Make Sure To Move Overlapped. Boundary Object &
If Needed Delete Source Object.

xliii) Design centre / DC

Dialog Box Appear

Ctrl + 2

Home
En - us Double Click

Design Dynamic
Centre Block
(Select Any One & Double Click)
Blocks

Select Any One

1. Drag and drop to insert.
2. Double click a block dug & then ok insert.
Special Notes: - Sharing Of Layer, Text Style, Dim Style, and Blocks Etc Can Also Be
Done With DC.

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 Drag & Drop That Layer to Current AutoCAD Files.
Special Note: - Similarly You Can Also Share Text Style, Blocks, Dim Style.

xliv) TP/TOOL PALATTES (Ctrl + 3)

To Insert Drag & Drop

xlv) Block/B :-
It Is Used To Create Group & Now You Can Use Easily Creating Block.

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 Creating Block

Dialog Box Appears

Steps
1) Name – Door

2) Base Point

+ Pick Point
Click Inside
3) Object

+ Select Object
(Click Inside)
I. Retain
II. Convert To Block
III. Delete
4) Scale Uniformly
5) Allow Exploding
Ok Then Use

INSERT/I

xlvi) INSERT/I (while inserting your object you may scale & angle it.)

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 If, x = 2 (double in x
direct)
y=1
z=1
X=1
Y=1
Z=1

Then Click

Result:-

xlvii) WBLOCK/W :- (Same As Block)

(Write Block)
Block W Block
1. Blocks Object Saved In Current Blocked Object Saved In Current
AutoCAD File. AutoCAD File As Well As In Your
Desktop.
2. It Can Be Inserted Only In Current It Can Be Inserted As Well As In Any
AutoCAD File. Other File.

Creating W Block
W

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 Dialog Box Appear

1) Source
Object
2) Base Point + Pick Point (Click Inside) Sp. Insertion Base Point : Click
3) Object
+ Click Inside
Convert To Block
4) Destination
File Name & Path
...

Click & Save Your File

Then Use Insert/I

1) Above Load Distribution.
2) Architectural Drawing (Aesthetics,(Appearance))
3) Slab Beam Grid.

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 COLUMN PLACING
For Residential Houses
Thumb Rule
1) Firstly Place All The Columns At Extreme Corner Junction Of Walls.
2) Minimum Distance Between Columns Should Be 2.5m (8’2”).
3) Average Distance between Columns [2.5m to 5m].
4) Keep At Every [10’ – 12’] If Columns Size Is [9” × 9” min].
5) If Distance Between Columns Increase Between [4m – 5m] Then Increase Column
Size From 9” × 9” 9” × 12” & Gradually Increase The Size.
6) Maximum Distance Between Columns – 7.5 Then Must Increase The Size Of Each
Column.

xlviii) TABLE (From TABLE Only Use TABLESTYLE & TABLEDIT )

(Dialog Box Appears)

Start from Empty Table Specify Insertion
Column & Row Setting
Column Column Width
5 20
Row
5

OK
IMPORTING MS-EXCEL FILE INTO AUTOCAD
Use TABLE ‘OR’ DATALINK
TABLE
From A Data Link
No Data Link Click Inside
Create A New(Dialog
Data Box
Excel Data Link
Appear)

(Dialog Box Appear)

Name It ABC (Let)

52
 (Dialog Box Appear)

...
Because A File Click Here
(Dialog Box Appear)
(Search Your M.S. Excel File & OK)

OK (It Shows Previous)

Title

Header Header Header Header

Data Data Data Data
Data Data Data Data

Cell Locking

Unlocking Now You Can Edit Cell.

Special Note: - You Can Also Update Directly From MS Excel to AutoCAD by Using
DATA LINK UPDATE

xlix) DATA LINK UPDATE

Select an Option [Update Data Link / Write Data Link]: Update Data Link
Select Object or [All Data Links]: All Data Links
Result (Updated)
TABLE
MX EXCEL AUTOCAD
DATALINK UPDATE
MX EXCEL AUTOCAD
(Updating) (Automatically Updates)
DATALINK UPDATE - W

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AUTOCAD EXCEL
(Updating) (Upload To Source) (Automatically Updates)
Insert (Tab)

Linking & Extraction Panel

Upload to Source Select All

DIMENSIONS
Dimension Arrows 20’

l) DIMSTYLE/D :-
(Dialog Box Appears)

NEW (for creating new dim styles)

Name It Continue

(Dialog Box Appear)

1. LINES :-
I. Dimension Lines – As It Is.
II. Extension Lines – As It Is.
III. Extension Beyond Dim Line (Exe) = (1-1.5).
IV. Offset From Origin (Exe) = (1 – 1.5) (Hit & Trial).

2. SYMBOLS & ARROW :-

a) Arrow Head
I. Closed Filled For (Civil/Mech.)
II. Architectural tick For (Civil)
b) Arrows Size – (1 – 1.5)

54
3. TEXT: -
I. Text Height – (1-1.5) (Varied According to Object Size).
II. Text Placement
Vertical – Centred
Horizontal – Centred.
III. Text Augment
Horizontal 20’
Aligned With Aim Line
ISO Standard Both
4. FIT :- As It Is

5. PRIMARY UNITS:-
a) UNIT FORMAT Decimal
Presume – 0.00
Decimal Separator – (.) Period
If Unit Format Architectural or Eng.
Presume - (1/4”)

6. Alternate Units (If Needed)

Display Alternate Units

(Both Units Together) 6(20’)

But Requires Multiples (Conversion) Values

Set Current Close

HOW TO DIMENSION

1. LINEAR DIMENSION

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
DIM HORIZONTAL DIM VERTICAL
li)
Sp. 1st Extension Line Origin or < Select Object >: Click 1st.
55
Sp. 2nd Extension Line Origin: Click 2nd
Sp. Dimension Line Location: Click at Suitable Point.
20’

lii) DIMVER :- (same as horizontal)

(Only Vertical Length)
(Shortcut Method)
DIMVER
<Select Object>:
Select Object to Dimension: (Just Select Line) & (Then Click).

56
liii) DIMALIGNED/DAL (At Any Angle)
(Same As Above)

liv) DIM ANGULAR/DAN: -

Select Are, Circle or <Sp. Vertex>: Select 1st Line.
Select 2nd Line: Select 2nd & Click.

lv) DIM RADIUS/DRH :-

Select Arc or Circle: (Select) & the Click.

57
lvi) DIMDIAMETER/DIMDIA: -
(Same as Radius)

lvii) DIMBASE/DBA :-
(Base Line Dimensions)

Procedure:-
I. Use Any One Dimension (Aligned or Hor. Or Ver.).
II. 1st Dimension Your Base.
III. Then Use DBA.

lviii) DIMSPACE :-
To Increase The Distance Between Dimensions For Baseline.
Select Base Dimension: Select Base Dimension.
Select Dimension To Space: Select All Above Rest Dimensions.
Enter Values Or <Auto>:

Result

58
 Gap Increased

lix) DIM

Procedure:-
1. 1st Do Base Dimension Using Aligned.
2. Then Use DCO. (Same As Above)

lx) MLEADER/MLD :-
(Multi leader)
Sp. Leader Avow Head Location: Click or Circle (Use Osnap).
Sp. Landing Location: Click Start Typing.

You Can Also Change Avow Size from (CH)

lxi) MLEADERSTYLE/MLS :-

NEW Name – M1 Continue

Leader Format
Type – Straight
Sp. Line
None
Arrau Size = 5

CONTENT

M leader Type – Block

Source Block – Circle
Scale - 1

59
SHOWING THICKNESS OF LINE
&
SHOWING TRASPARENCY OF OBJECT

In Status bar ----

----

Line Weight
Transparency
Again Go To Status Bar

Then It Will Show You Line Weight & Transparent Object.

SELECTING OVERLAPPED OBJECT:-

Selection cycling
In Status bar Customization

Selection Cycling

Again Go To Status Bar

On It

Now It Will Show Overlapped Object

Select Overlapped Object

It Will Show Small Window

lxii) PRINT/PLOT :- Or (Ctrl + P)

PRINT – For Smaller Size.
PLOT – For Bigger Size.
Steps :-
1) Name – printer/plotter – Dwg to PDF Pc3
OR

60
 AutoCAD PDF (High Quality Print)
2) Paper Size – ISO Au – 210 × 297 (Margins According To ISO)
ISO Full Bleed A4 – 210 ×297 (Full Coverage).
3) Centre The Not
4) Fit To Paper
5) Plot Style Table.
None – Colour
Acad. Ctb – Colour
Monochrome – (Black & White)
6) Shade Not – As Display
Quality – Maximum
7) Plot Area – WINDOWS (Osnap Off)
Sp. 1st Corner: Click
Sp. Other Corner: Click Other Corner.

Land Scope
8) Drawing Orientation Whichever Is Maximum
Portrait
9) Check – Preview
10) Right Click – Plot – Save Your PDF.

61