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Composition and Structure of Air

This document discusses the composition and structure of the atmosphere. It is composed mainly of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%), with trace amounts of other gases. The atmosphere is divided into five layers - troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. The stratosphere lies above the troposphere and extends to 50km. It is an ideal zone for air travel as there are no clouds or storms. Ozone is concentrated in the lower stratosphere, protecting the Earth from UV rays. The thermosphere, also known as the ionosphere, reflects radio waves due to electrically charged particles. The exosphere is the outermost layer and merges with interplanetary space, with temperatures reaching

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93 views4 pages

Composition and Structure of Air

This document discusses the composition and structure of the atmosphere. It is composed mainly of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%), with trace amounts of other gases. The atmosphere is divided into five layers - troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. The stratosphere lies above the troposphere and extends to 50km. It is an ideal zone for air travel as there are no clouds or storms. Ozone is concentrated in the lower stratosphere, protecting the Earth from UV rays. The thermosphere, also known as the ionosphere, reflects radio waves due to electrically charged particles. The exosphere is the outermost layer and merges with interplanetary space, with temperatures reaching

Uploaded by

mahroofasiya
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LESSON-5 AIR –COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE

ASSIGNMENT
[Link] is normal lapse rate?
Ans:- The rate at which the temperature decreases with increase
in height, which is about 1°C per 165 m ascent. This is termed
as the normal lapse rate.
[Link] down the composition of atmosphere?
Ans:-
Mixture of several gases form our atmosphere.
The main gases that constitute our atmosphere are:
Nitrogen:78%, Oxygen:21%, Remaining 1%: argon, helium,
ozone and carbon dioxide.
3. Distinguish between Troposphere and Stratosphere.
Troposphere Stratosphere
It is the lowest and densest It lies above the troposphere
layer of the atmosphere. and extends up to a height of
50km.
The term Tropo means change. The term Strato means
straight.
Most of the weather It is a dry zone and free from
phenomena is occur in this all-weather phenomena.
layer.
4. Write a few advantages of atmosphere.
Ans:-
 It gives us oxygen to breathe.
 Nitrogen and carbon dioxide are needed by plants for their
growth.
 It also protects us against falling debris from space.
 It acts like a greenhouse and controls the extremes of
temperature during day and night.
 The change of weather and climate is due to the presence
of the atmosphere.
 It protects us from the harmful ultraviolet rays.
Long Answer Questions:
1. What are the main features of Stratosphere?
Ans:-
 It extends up to a height of 50 km and lies above the
Troposphere.
 It is a dry zone and thus free from all kinds of weather
phenomena.
 The term strato means straight. It is ideal zone for air
travel as there are no clouds and storm.
 Ozone is concentrated in the lower part of the
stratosphere. This layer is termed as ozonosphere.
 Ozone gas protects us from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet
rays. It is essential for protecting life on the Earth.
 The stratopause is the upper part of this layer.
 It separates the stratosphere from the mesosphere.
2. Which layer is the ideal zone for the air travel?
Ans. Stratosphere is the ideal zone for the air travel because it is
very dry zone and free from all kinds of weather phenomena like
clouds and storm. Up to a height of 20 km the temperature is
constant and after that it increases with increasing altitude.
Straight, horizontal or undistributed layer of air present in this
layer.
[Link] why thermosphere is known as ionosphere?
Ans:-
 Thermosphere is known as ionosphere because of the
presence of electrically charged particles called ions.
 Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back
to the earth by this layer. This helps in long distance
wireless and satellite communication.

4. Explain the upper most layer of the atmosphere?


 Exosphere is the uppermost layer of the atmosphere.
 The extent of this layer is 1,600 km
 It merges with the inter-planetary space.
 The temperature of exosphere is very high and may reach
up to 4,500 °C and the density of air is also very low.

Think and answer


[Link] we know ozone layer depleting day by day. Do you think
it is necessary to protect this layer? What type of awareness
should be created to protect the ozone layer?
Ans: - Yes, it is necessary to protect this layer. It protects us from
the harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun. The increased UV rays
have lead to higher rates of skin cancer and eye [Link] is
essential for protecting life on the earth. We should reduce the
use of chlorofluorocarbons.

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