ENGINEERING SURVEY I
(ES 111)
OPEN ENDED LAB REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Title
Introduction
Basic Definitions
Apparatus
Methodology
Photographs
Result
OBJECT:
Determination of the height of the Main Auditorium using auto-level, theodolite or
total station.
TITLE:
MEASURING MAIN AUDITORIUM HEIGHT WITH THEODOLITE “A GEODETIC
APPROACH”
INTRODUCTION:
Using a theodolite to measure vertical angles from a known reference point to the top
of an object or structure is a typical surveying technique. Trigonometric calculations can
be used to precisely determine the object’s height by combining these angle
measurements with the horizontal distance to the object. This technique is commonly
used in architectural, engineering, and construction projects to get precise
measurements for a range of needs, including structural evaluations, planning layouts,
and design considerations.
BASIC DEFINITIONS:
THEODOLITE:
A theodolite is a precise optical instrument used in surveying and engineering
to measure horizontal and vertical angles with accuracy. It consists of a rotating
telescope mounted on a base, allowing for precise angle measurements in both
horizontal and vertical planes.
HEIGHT OF INSTRUMENT (HOI):
Height of instrument (hi) is the vertical distance between a surveying instrument
and a benchmark or known elevation, used as a reference for determining the
elevations of other points relative to the instrument's position.
APPARATUS:
EDM / Tape
Theodolite
Staff Rod
METHODOLOGY:
To determine the height of the main auditorium, we set up the theodolite at a fixed
distance from the base of the structure. The theodolite was positioned on a tripod and
carefully leveled to ensure accuracy. We then measured the vertical angle from the
theodolite's horizontal reference plane to the highest point of the auditorium.
Next, we recorded the horizontal distance from the theodolite to a reference point on
the ground, typically located at the base of the auditorium. This distance is necessary
for the trigonometric calculations involved in determining the height.
Using the theodolite's horizontal and vertical angle measurements, along with the
horizontal distance, we applied trigonometric principles, specifically the tangent
function, to calculate the height of the main auditorium. The theodolite's built-in
features, such as the ability to measure angles with high precision, made it an ideal
tool for this task.
PHOTOGRAPHS:
Photographs taken during the performance of practical for the height of the
Main Auditorium
CALCULATION:
DATA:
1. Height 1 (h1) = 4’8” or 4.66 ft.
2. Distance / Chainage (D) = 105’4” or 105.33 ft.
3. Vertical Angle (Vα) = 90 ° 00 ‘ 03 “ = ( 90 + 00/60 + 03/(60*60) ) = 90.00083 °
4. Alpha or Angle (α) = 69 ° 08 ‘ 30 “ = ( 69 + 08/60 + 30/(60*60) ) = 69.1416 °
5. H =?
SOLUTION:
α' = Vα – α
α’ = 90.00083 ° -69.1416 °
α’ = 20.8592 °
Using basic trigonometric we can calculate the height above the
height of instrument,
H’ / D = Tanα
H’ = Tanα * D
H’ = Tan(20.8592) * 105.3333’
H’ = 40.1352 m
Now,
To calculate the Total height of auditorium we can add the height
of instrument to the height we found before,
H = H’ + h1
H = 40.1352 + 4.66 = 44.80
H = 44.80 ft
RESULT:
The height of the Main Auditorium using Digital Theodolite and basic calculation
of trigonometry is found to be 44.80 ft.