Module 1: NSTP PROGRAM (RA 9163)

This chapter is all about or introduces NSTP in accordance with its newly

revised Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR). The NSTP components are

the Reserve Officer’s Training Corps (ROTC), Literacy training service (LTS) and

CWTS. In this module it help us to know or express our commitment to be

actively involved in various community service. The NSTP Law or Republic Act

1963, also known as An Act Establishing the NSTP for Tertiary-Level students,

amending for the purpose. There are three components of NSTP which is ROTC,

LTS, and CWTS, ROTC is design to provide military training to motivate, equip,

organize, and mobilize the youth for national preparedness. LTS is design to train

students to teach literacy and numeracy skills to school children and lastly CWTS

is design to involved students actively in activities contributory to the general

welfare and betterment of life the members of the community or the enhancement

of its facilities. NSTP-CWTS fosters the following values which is love of God,

Human dignity, Discipline, truth, goodness, and social responsibility, Awareness,

innovation and creativity, quality service delivery and etc. NSTP Helps develop

informed and self-reliant communities by encouraging inter-government agency

cooperation and providing complementary assistance and support to facilitate

socio-economic progress, environmental management, and delivery of basic

services, geared toward uplifting the well-being of people. The NSTP-CWTS

strategies follow an integrative approach to community development, which unites

people, local officials, civic leaders, and non-governmental organizations. NSTP

provides a policy framework on volunteerism that underscores the fundamental

principle to harmonize the broad and diverse efforts of the volunteer sector of the

country into an integrative and effective partnership for local and national

development as well as international cooperation and understanding. In this

module I’ve also learned the aims of NSTP, which is to inculcate civic

consciousness and defense preparedness in the Filipino youth. It helps develop in

them the ethics of service and patriotism while they undergo training in any of the

program’s three components which are specifically design to enhance the student’s

participation in nation-building.
Module 2: The Nature of the Human Person

In module 2 which is entitled The Nature of Human Person, I learned that

the human person is has superiority and dignity inherited from the Supreme Being.

The Supreme Being entrusted to the human person the care of creatures on the

earth, aware of the possibilities, challenges, and difficulties he/she will encounter

in his/her life. There are some characteristic of a Human Person which is a human

person is rational being, is born free, unique, every person is intrinsically a social

being and cannot detach himself/herself from other creatures in the universe and

last is all living things are sexual by nature. The desire for survival is ingrained in

humans; it helps us cope with difficult circumstances. The most useful and

realistic understanding of human nature is not a rosy, upbeat one. When I

contemplate human nature, I believe people know life is finite and while animals

live to survive, humans live to try be remembered. People yearn to persist, this

explains society’s obsession with immortality, vampires, zombies, and the longing

to be reminisced. People want to believe they will put others before themselves in

trying situations. Human nature is just one of the many factors that influence who

we become, yet it is profoundly important. Successfully changing our culture, our

institutions, or ourselves depends on understanding human nature. This

understanding gives us critical insight into what works for humans, as well as what

doesn't work. According to the book of Genesis, chapter 1, verses 26 to 27, God

created man and woman in his own image and likeness and made them masters of

fish of the sea, the birds, the heaven, the earth, the wild beasts, and all the reptiles

that crawl upon the earth. Humans are made in God's image in another way: as a

model, or a representative. God is the Maker, and all of creation belongs to Him.

He is Lord over it. However, in the moment of creation, God gives mankind the
responsibility to rule over all other life He has made on the earth. In that sense,

humans would stand as God's image, God's representatives, on earth as we rule

over and manage all the rest of His creation. I’ve also learned that the Philosophy

of the human being, explains the different philosophical views of the human

person according to the book of Maguigad (2006) which is Conservatism,

Liberalism, Socialism and Fascism.

Module 3: Values Development for Citizenship Training

In this chapter it deals with values development for good citizenship,

including the preamble to the 1987 Constitution. A Preamble is an introductory

and preliminary statement in a document that explains the documents purpose and

underlying philosophy. Understanding philosophy of human values is necessary in

understanding Filipino values such us family closeness and solidarity, politeness,

hospitality, and gratitude. Values are both subjective and objective they involve a

subject or person who values and an object or value to be realized. Justice is

objective because it is a value that should be realized by all. The Filipino value

system arises from our culture or way of life, our distinctive way of becoming

human in this particular place and time we speak of Filipino values in a fourfold

sense. There are four Good citizenship values which is Love of God or

pagkamaka-Diyos, love of fellowmen or pagkamaka-tao, Love of country or

Pagkamaka-bayan and last is love for Environment or pagkamaka-likasan. The

strengths and weaknesses of the Filipino have their roots in many factors such us

(a) the home environment, (b) the social environment, (c) culture and language, (d)

history, (e) the educational system, (f) religion, (g) the economic environment, (h)

the political environment, (i) Mass media and last (j) leadership and role models.

In this chapter I learned that nationalism used to describe two things, the first is

attitude of the members of a nation which includes the concepts of national

identity, origin, ethnicity, and cultural ties. The second is the action that the

members of a nation take when seeking to achieve or sustain full statehood with

complete authority over domestic and international affair. Patriotism is love of and

devotion to one’s country. The term Filipino originally referred to Spaniard’s born

in the Philippines and not the native inhabitants. But certain events finally led to
the development of native patriotism and transcended the cultural and

geographical boundaries that has been barriers to the unification of the inhabitants

of the archipelago. A personal development plan will help us to figure out and help

us get there, these are components suggested by Wells: Your true self, Make it

personal, Know your outcome, Design success, Harness the power, Accept success

and Life is circular. Happiness is the end point of every human action. In the

process we are able to identify the things which we value the most.
Module 4: Leadership Training

In this module we are expected to identify the characteristic of leader and

express commitment to teamwork. In this chapter it discusses leadership training

which the leader inspires the followers to perform well develop their own

leadership potential. Leadership pertains to the qualities exemplified by a leader.

Good leadership can be attributed to qualities that make people follow a leader. It

would be great to have all these qualities, but not all leaders do have them. Here

are ten essential characteristic of a good leader such us Vision, Wit, Passion,

Compassion, Charisma, Communication Skills, Persistence, Integrity, Daring and

Discipline. Transformational Leadership has three types of functions: task

function, team function, and individual functions. Transformational leadership is a

form of leadership that occurs when leaders broaden and elevate the interest of

their employees, when they generate awareness and acceptance of the purposes

and mission of the group. While transactional leadership is based on power that

makes us of rewards and coercion to deliver benefits to members, or to force or

instill fear as illustrated by colonization, vote-buying and similar methods. Four

components of transformational leadership: charisma, inspirational motivation,

intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration. Seven habits of highly

effective people: be proactive, begin with the end of mind, put first things first,

think win-win, seek first to understand then to be understood, synergize and

sharpen the saw. In this chapter I learned that teamwork is the process of working

collaboration with a group of people in order to achieve a goal. As a good leader

you/we should be patient and be good to your followers. As a leader we need a

time management, time management is the art of arranging, organizing,

scheduling, and budgeting one’s time. Time management is important for

everyone. The most efficient to-do list in the world will not help someone who

does not look at or follow his/her own daily planner. Decision making is a process

that involves selecting the most logical choice from among two or more options.

Every group has to make a decision at one time or another and all the members

have to make a commitment to choose the best option available. The following are

the different types of involvement in making decisions: consensus or agreement,

Majority voting, The minority, The silent consensus of some groups, The clique,

The handclasp, the one-person decision and plop occurs. One of the marks of a

good leader is the ability to listen, learn and lead towards his/her followers.
Chapter 5: Fundamentals of Group Dynamics

This modules talks/tells about the fundamentals of group and group

dynamics, which include the forces found in small groups, concepts of group,

special properties of groups, characteristics of a group, and kinds of formal and

informal groups. Group is defined as two or more person engaged in social

interaction. This implies that each member of a group is aware of the other

members and their influence. While group dynamics is the social process by which

people interact in a small group and in a face-to-face manner. There are two

important historical landmarks in understanding small groups. These are the

research of Elton Mayo and his associates in the 1920s and 1930s, and

experiments conducted in the 1930s by Kurt Lewin, considered as the founder of

the group dynamics. The special properties of group are illustrated by simple

lesson in mathematics, as in one plus equals three, this is a logical error in the

world of mathematics. Group types are classified as formal or informal in nature.

Formal work groups established by an organization to achieve its goals. There are

two types of group which is primary group and secondary group. Primary group is

characterized by intimate face-to-face association and cooperation among its

members. While secondary group consist of members who are aware and

cognizant of personal relationships. There are kinds of formal groups such as:

Command groups are specified by the organization chart and often composed of a

leader and the members who directly report to him/her, task group consist of

people who work together to achieve a common task, functional groups are created

by an organization to accomplished specific goals within an unspecified time

frame. Informal groups are formed naturally in response to the common interest

and shared values of individuals. Meeting is convened for different purposes.

Some are information, advice, decision making, negotiation, and creative thinking.

Forming group is important to every human being because he/she need a

companion for the rest of his/her life.

Module 6: Dimensions of Development: Health Awareness

This Chapter deals with some common communicable and non-

communicable diseases and their causes, symptoms and prevention. The triangular

model of a disease has the components: agents, host and environment. Disease

occurs when an external agents meets a susceptible host in a environment that

allows the agent and host to interact. Communicable diseases are illnesses that

spread from one person to another or from an animal to a person, or from a surface

or a food. Diseases can be transmitted during air travel through: direct contact with

a sick person respiratory droplet spread from a sick person sneezing or coughing.

In this module I learn the different communicable diseases such as: Dengue,

Malaria, Cholera, Avian Influenza, H1N1, and Typhoid Fever. Non-communicable

diseases (NCDs), such as heart disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and

diabetes, are the leading cause of death worldwide and represent an emerging

global health threat. Deaths from NCDs now exceed all communicable disease

deaths combined. I also learned the diseases of non-communicable diseases which

is there Hypertension, Cardiovascular Disease, heart attack, Stroke, diabetes, and

Cancer. A systematic screening will help detect small irregularities or tumor as

early as possible even when there are no clear symptoms yet. A person can only

take proper precautions regarding communicable and non-communicable diseases

if she/he is aware about them. In addition to the high proportion of deaths and

suffering that they cause, communicable diseases hinder social and economic

development and can pose significant threats to international health security, as is

illustrated by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Diseases are frequently referred

to as communicable or non-communicable. Communicable diseases comprise

infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and measles, while non-communicable

diseases (NCDs) are mostly chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases,

cancers, and diabetes. Health is wealth and a person good health is a crucial to

his/her being successful person who has the opportunity to maximize his/her

potentials in order to achieve his/her goals in life.

Chapter 7: Dimension of Development: First Aid Education

In this module it discusses about first aid education and how the basic

steps of first aid are carried out by people who are knowledgeable of and trained in

it. First aid is the immediate treatment using available facilities or materials and

given to an injured or ill person while waiting for medical assistance to arrive. As

an urgent care given to an injured or unexpectedly ill person, first aid also involves

home care and self-care if medical assistance is delayed or not available.

Characteristic of a good first aider, must be gentle, resourceful, observant, tactful,

sympathetic, and respectful. Note that the immediate aims of first aider are to ease

the pain, prevent further harm danger, and extend the life of the victim. Emergency

is the sudden onset of medical or surgical severity that the absence of immediate

medical attention could reasonably and expectedly result in serious danger to

health or impairment of bodily functions. Emergency rescue is the quick transfer

of a patient from an unsafe place to a safe place. The indications for emergency

rescue are: danger of fire or explosion, risk of toxic gases or asphyxia to lack

oxygen, serious traffic hazards, risk of drawing, danger of electrocution and

danger of collapsing walls. Cloth material commonly used in first aid: dressing is

any germ-free fabric material used to plaster wound and bandage is any clean or

sterilized fabric material that holds the dressing in place. Bandages and dressing

are both in wound or fracture management. The following are the bandages and

bandaging techniques adapted from survive outdoors such as: shoulder bandage,

Extended cravat bandage applied to shoulder (or armpit), Elbow bandage, Hand

bandage ( Triangular Bandage applied to hand), Cravat bandage applied to the

palm of hand, Cravat bandage applied to leg, Knee bandage, and Foot bandage
(Triangular bandage applied to foot. The first aider needs to adapt to the situations

and hand improvised is necessary.

Chapter 8: Dimension of Development: Entrepreneurship

This chapter presents the fundamental concepts and theories of

entrepreneur and social entrepreneurship. It also discusses small- and medium-

sized business (SMBs), especially small-scale entrepreneurship that promotes

develops and assists the small and medium sized enterprise (SMEs).

Entrepreneurship is the effective and efficient way of managing the business

capacity and quality of an individual towards costume satisfaction. An

entrepreneur is someone who thinks creatively, plans strategy, and project clear,

realistic, and objective plans. An entrepreneur according to Lee and Lee (2008)

should be: administrator, a planner, a leader, a negotiator, a communicator, a

decision-maker, and a good follower. Social entrepreneurs are pioneers of

innovations humanity. Managing one’s own business have an advantages and

disadvantages. The advantages of managing one’s own business are:

independence, flexibility in management, knowledge of record-keeping techniques

and etc., while the disadvantage are: risk failure, difficulty in raising capital,

limited management skills and more. Retailing is concerned with selling certain

goods that usually satisfy potential and existing customers. A successful

businessperson is one who also helps the less privileged in the society. The priority

of the company is to make money for its shareholders. Developing business

planning involves asking and answering are the following: (1) what to do (2) how

to do it (3) when to do it (4) what to expect in the future. Entrepreneurship helps

people to become more creative confident, bolder and responsible in their action to

achieve the desire goals. Change is the only permanent things in the world. People
should not be afraid of innovation especially if this will help improve or correct

the system or way of doing things or if it will provide solutions to existing

problem.

Chapter 9: Dimension of Development: Recreation, Physical Fitness, and Wellness

This chapter is all about recreation, physical fitness and wellness. The

healthier an individuals is the more he/she can enjoy life. In this module I learned

how to make our life healthy. Recreational pertains to activities done for leisure to

promote a person’s wellbeing and growth. It enforces positive self-image. It also

means to socialize, meet people, and gain new friends. Physical fitness is a

measure of the body’s ability to function efficiently and effectively, resist disease,

and confront emergency situations. It is important not only for athletes but also to

everyone. Physical fitness is a state of good physical health, there are some

physical components of physical fitness such as: cardiovascular endurance,

muscular strength and endurance, flexibility and body composition which can help

us to our daily life. The health benefits of regular exercise or physical activities are

hard to ignore. The following are some exercise can help improved our life: helps

control weight, helps prevent heart diseases, helps improved mood, help boost

energy and last helps enhance learning. As general goal aim for at least 30 minutes

of physical activity every day. I also learned that wellness is an expanded idea of

health both health and wellness are terms that mean the ability to live fully with

vitality and meaning and also wellness is the dynamic process of change and

growth. There are six (6) dimensions of wellness such as: physical wellness,

emotional wellness, intellectual wellness, spiritual wellness, social wellness and

environmental wellness. The lifestyle of individual is a personal choice that

influence the quality of life. A healthy lifestyle avoid diseases and keep healthy

life. The most important behavior and habits that contribute to a healthy lifestyle

are the following: be physical active, choose a healthy diet, maintain a healthy

body weight, manage stress effectively, prevent drug abuse through the following

means and last protect yourself from disease and injury through lifestyle

modifications and management. But as you make a progress, you will gain

confidence in your ability to take change for life.

Chapter 10: The Social Menace of Drug Addiction

This module focuses on the social problem of drug addiction. People

always been curious about the world with anything and everything to make life

better and more comfortable. In modern society, drug treats medical and

psychological disorders. As Coloma state that drug dependence is the overuse of a

drug without due regard to accepted medical practice resulting in the individual

physical, mental, emotional and behavioral impairment. Drug is a substance aside

from food intended to affect the structure or function of a physiological system

like the human body. Addiction is not having control over doing, taking, or using

something, until it becomes harmful, commonly, there are dependencies on

alcohol or drugs but you can also become addicted to everything from gambling to

chocolates. Drug abuse does not only involve illegal substances. Any drug can be

abused, whether it is bought on a street corner or obtained pharmacy.

Methamphetamine HCL is a type of amphetamine also known as poor man’s

cocaine. Its other names are shabu, ubas, siopao, sha and ice. Shabu is a white

odorless crystal or crystalline powder with a bitter, numbing tatse. Inhalants abuse

is the deliberate inhalation of volatile chemical substance that contains

psychoactive vapors causing a state of intoxication. Nine of ten smokers say they

like to quit smoking but cannot. Nicotine withdrawal symptoms include irritability,

anxiety, loss of concentration, and sleeplessness. Cigarette smoke contains a

handful of other harmful substances, including carbon monoxide and tar. Student

can help each other, through peer counseling or barkadahan inside the school

premises or letting them participate actively in various school activities

organization. With repeated use, they affect a person's self-control and interfere

with the ability to resist the urge to take the drug. Not being able to stop taking a

drug even though you know it's harmful is the hallmark of addiction. A drug

doesn't have to be illegal to cause this effect in the process they become more

productive in. drug dependency is extremely hazardous to a person’s health, the

people who care for him/her and to his/her future as well.

Chapter 11: Campus Safety and Security

In this chapter or module discusses about campus safety and security, an area

which include the protection of the physical plant or building and facilities and

their contents as well as the members of academic community. Security as defined

by Maguigad (2012) it is the quality or state of being secure or free from danger or

any form of physical aggression. It means freedom from fear, anxiety, and

physical harm. According to the 1987 Philippine Constitution, Article II-

Declaration of Principles and State Policies, Section 3: "The Armed Forces of the

Philippines is the protector of the people and the State. Its goal is to secure the

sovereignty of the State and the integrity of the national security. An earthquake is

a sudden ground motion or a series of it, originating in a limited region inside the

earth and spreading from this point in all directions. It is a tremor caused by the

sudden release of accumulated energy or stresses inside the earth's surface

(PHIVOLCS-DOST, 2009). When an earthquake occurs while you are in school or

any other building, remember the following safety measures: Take cover under a

desk or table, Stay away from windows, Assume a crash position on your knees,

with your head down, and hands clasped behind your neck or head, Count aloud to

60 an earthquake rarely lasts longer than 60 seconds and counting is calming,

Remain calm and do not panic, Do not try to get out of the premises if there is

danger of flying debris, falling objects, and high-voltage wires and Stay away from

electrical fixtures and glass windows. In times of emergency, the safety of people

and property in academic communities should come first. A clear strategy

supported by strong cooperation, efficient coordination, and dedication to the

campus emergency The Management Group and all other security-related teams

ought to be established. If kids, instructors, and staff are all safe and secure, the

school will be a better place to learn. perpetually confident.